Umlando Wemilingiswa
"Ngaphezulu kwalasha eRye" ngumsebenzi odumile kakhulu we-American Author Jerome Sallinger. Kwashicilelwa iRoma ngo-1951. Umlingiswa wakhe oyinhloko kwakuyi-venen calfield Colfield. Ukubhema okuncane kwe-buntar, ukufunga nokukhononda ngobuhlungu obujulile obutholakele ubuntu. Ngonyaka wokuqala ngemuva kwencwadi, le ncwadi yahlukaniswa ukusakazwa kwamakhophi ayizigidi ezingama-60. Isithombe se-aocial Hero sahamba endaweni ephezulu yokuthandwa.Umlando Wokudalwa Komlingiswa
USalinger uqhubeke kaningi ekwakhiweni kwemisebenzi ephindaphinda izisusa "kwalasha eRye". Amanye amavesi nezindatshana ezimfushane zangena encwadini, ziba amakhanda. Isibonelo, "umbhikisho olula eMadison-Avenue" manje uneminyaka engu-17 yesahluko sesahluko. Ukusuka kulo msebenzi, i-Holden Colfield yangena ekhasini lenoveli edumile. Endabeni ethi "Crazy" Umbhali wanikeza ukusikisela kwezigcawu ezimbalwa kwinoveli.
URoman walala phansi evela kumshicileli eminyakeni emibili ngaphambi kokukhululwa. Ngesizathu esithile, uhlelo lwakhe lwaboshwa. Incwadi eshicilelwe ngo-1951 yaba uphawu lwe-nonconformism. Igama elithi Holden Colfield lenziwe kusukela ibinzana elihunyushelwa olimini lwesiNgisi lisho ukuthi "Hlala emasimini ashisiwe." Insizwa eneminyaka eyishumi nesithupha isemiselwe emphakathini futhi izama ukukhipha oxhumana nabo emphakathini wakhe.
"Ngaphezulu kwalasha we-rye" ngumsebenzi wangemva kwempi eyenziwe ngesikhathi sokudideka komphakathi. Ku-novel kulele uphawu olubi. Emibhalweni enjalo, amaqhawe ajwayele ukubhekana nenkinga ekhona noma angazivezi ngomphakathi wanamuhla.
Ethukile futhi edidekile abantu abakwazi ukuzithola. Abashiyi indlela yabo, kepha baqhubeke ngaphandle kwenhloso. I-Holden Colfield isho inani lezinhlamvu ezifanayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uSalllinger uchaza inoveli kanye ne-biography yayo.
I-Holden Passive. I-Introvert, ayikwazi ukwamukela izinzuzo zayo, le nsizwa ilahlekelwe yinduku yangaphakathi futhi ifuna ukusekelwa kokuziphatha. Imizwa ye-hero iyanda. Ubona konke okwenzeka ngokujulile nangobuhlungu. Le nsizwa ibonakala yazi ukuthi wayazi umongo wokuphila, ngakho-ke uyacasula, acasulwe ezungeze ulwazi oluyimfihlo. Nxazonke kukhona okubambela. Kusuka emikhiqizweni kuya emivuleni yabantu nasezinhlokweni.
Ngoba akunandaba ukuthi umlingiswa wathathwa kanjani, athile athile kulezi zimo ezazilethwa ekugcineni. Umfo akangezi imibhalo esikoleni futhi akazami ukuhumusha uthando lokuqala emzaneni obalulekile. Umbuzo waphakade othi "Kungani" Ebusweni Bukade, uphoqa ukuthi yenqabe izenzo. Okwe-HOLDANE, akukho lutho olunengqondo.
I-Roman "ngenhla kokubikwa e-rye"
Umsebenzi uyincazelo yokuhamba osemusha, wasuka esikoleni. I-podnaping enye imali, umfana wanquma ukuhlala ehhotela ngaphambi kokubuyela ekhaya futhi anikeze abazali ithuba lokusinda lapho beshaqeka lapho bengekho. I-HOLDEN isesimweni sokuhlakazeka nomphakathi nasemhlabeni. Umfana akanabo abangane abaseduze.
Unenkani futhi exoshwa kwalabo abanentshisekelo kuyo. Ukugeza kwensizwa kuyadingeka umcimbi ongumbhalo ozoholela ekuqinisekisweni kwamanani. Ufuna ukubonakala njengomuntu okhulile, iziphuzo nokubhema, zinakekela "izimvemvane zobusuku", kepha zifinyelela ngenye indlela efiselekayo.
Impilo emfushane ezimele uma kungekho ukucindezelwa kwabazali nothisha kuholela eqinisweni lokuthi ababambele bathola ukutholakala okungalindelekile. Kuyavela ukuthi unesibopho nonembeza, ukuba khona kwayo okwakungakwazi ukunemba. Umfana unikeza umngani, uSally, abaleke. Kepha, lapho esethole ukwenqaba, intombazane enobudlova.
Udadewabo omncane uPhoebe ulungele ezamehlela, njengoba kungacabangi ngento eseceleni kwebhizinisi. I-HOLDEN iqala ukuqonda ukuthi yikuphi ukunakekelwa okukhona. Kufanele acabange kusengaphambili nangokuhlela. Inkululeko, ebeka icala eliza kuye iqhawe liyehlula ngokunqoba ukuvela. Ukuhlolwa kokuqala kuba umthwalo. Ukukhohlwa ngo-bias, ngosizo lwe-Phoebe Holden kuza ukwamukelwa, ukushiywa kokunganeliseki futhi kuqale ukuthanda.
Izici zomlingiswa ophambili wokuphikisana. Ukuvezwa kwakhe kwengqondo kwabazali abaningi abasebasha. Ngawo wonke ama-audicicity kanye nobunzima, ubambe ukhombisa umusa, amathalente kanye nemfundo. Unomhlaba ocebile ongokomoya.
Izici ezinhle ziseduze kokucacana nokukhuthaza. Umfana ocabangayo uhola ama-monalogies angaphakathi naye, aphikisana ngama-trifles acasulayo axosha. Ukuba nokuphikisana naye, iqhawe liyaphunyuka.
Ungumqambimanga ofuna impilo entsha. Umhlaba wokukhohlisa, lapho kwakufuna ukuhamba khona, akazange akwemukele. Ukuntuleka kokuzimisela kanye nokuba khona kukanembeza kuholela ekuhlolweni nokuphenduka, ukuqaphela amaphutha abo. Uphupha, angathanda ukuba ngumzingeli wemiphefumulo yezingane esengaphezu kwendawo. Lo mfowethu waba yibo, ekholisa udadewethu ukuba angaphelelwa yindlu.
USallinger uchaze ukungqubuzana okungajwayelekile komlingiswa endaweni yokukhetha okungazi lutho. Iqhawe lalingana ngasikhathi sinye ngakubantu futhi libazonda. Ufuna ukukhula ngokushesha, kepha wanamathela ngokulangazela eminyakeni ye-Transional. Ngemuva kwakho konke okunesithukuthezi, futhi kusengaphambili kungukungaziwa. I-HOLDEN ibona isizungu njengesixazululo futhi ngasikhathi sinye ukuxazulula imibuzo yakhe.
Esokugcina kwabaseRoma, le nsizwa ibuyela emndenini. Emapulazini akhe, uhambo oluya entshonalanga. Udade uhlela ukuhamba naye, futhi abaphethe kufanele banxuse izimpikiswano ezinengqondo zokumdumisa. Le nsizwa kufanele ilahle amacebo, abona izinga lokunganaki kwakhe. Ukugezela okuchazwe ngumlobi ekugcineni kwesahluko sokugcina kuhlanza i-Cynonicism eboshwe, ukufafaza, ukulimaza kanye nolaka kusuka emphefumulweni. Ngakho-ke kwakukhona iqhawe elikhulayo le-salinger.
-Vikayo
UJerome Sallinger wavimba ukuhlolwa kwenoveli "ngaphezulu kwehambile eRya." Ngemuva kwemvume kuye, abadlali abadumile nomqondisi weHollywood baphathwa, kepha impendulo yayingafani. Umlobi ushone ngo-2010, futhi enganikeli umkhiqizo wakhe ekuqhubekekaleni kwe-cinematographic. Ngaphandle kwalokhu, izisusa zendatshana eyinhloko ye-salinger zazisetshenziswa kaninginingi ekwakhiweni kwe-movie.
UDustin Hoffman, ubekelwe inkanyezi ngo-1967 kwifilimu uMike Nichols, "iziqu", wafuna iqhaza elivuthiwe. Ama-echoes of sallinger izisusa ze-sallinger abukwa "ethayipini laphakade". Lesi yisithombe sokuqala sikaJim Jarmishe ngoChris Parker endimeni eholayo.
Ngo-2017, ifilimu yakhishwa kwizikrini ezibizwa nge- "for the abyss of rye". Ifilimu uDanny abagxeki abanamandla babonakale bexakile. Abalingisi uKevin Spyyy noNicholas Holt bamenyelwa ezindimeni eziyinhloko. Lokhu kungukuvunywa kwe-biography ye-Jerome kaSallinger, kushiya imibuzo evela ezilalelini nabalandeli bobuciko boMlobi.
Amaqiniso athakazelisayo
- Ngesikhathi kusukela ngo-1960 kuya ku-1980, "ngaphezulu kwalasha we-rye" kwavinjelwa ukuthengiswa ezitolo zezincwadi nokufunda emitatsheni ye-US. Naphezu kwale nqalelo, inoveli ibilokhu ijabulele intshisekelo yomphakathi, njengoba kuchaziwe imibuzo yaphakade.
- Ngenkumbulo yeqhawe, ezinye izibalo zobuciko zidale amaphrojekthi angajwayelekile, futhi izinkanyezi zanamuhla zihlobisa umzimba wazo nge-tattoo engokomfanekiso. Ngakho-ke kwalungiswa i-oximiron.
- Kumaphrojekthi amaningi wezobuciko nezithombe, lapho kuboniswa khona indawo enemibandela yeColfield ye-Holfield, ukubukeka kwayo kunzima ukuchaza, njengoba ababhali baphendukela ekuphumeni. Kepha ngokuhlale benikeza iqhawe lenoveli yi-Red Hunting Cap, ayithola eNew York.
- USalinger wabhala inoveli ngaphambili. Izahluko eziyisithupha "ngaphezulu kwe-distille eRye" zazalwa ngesikhathi sezimpi.
- Ngo-1942, umlobi weza esibhedlela ethola ukuxilongwa kokuphambuka kwemizwa. Uzwela nokuzwela kuhlobene naye ngeHilen Colfield.