Biography
I-Greek yamandulo yaseGenofan Kolofonsky yayithathwa njengengaphambi kokuba abameli beSikolo se-Elais, ababeyiqwalasele imiba yomanyano naphakade kwaye babethelele ekuhlalutyeni ulwazi nokuba. Ngokutsho kweekowuti ezigciniweyo kunye nolondolozo, isithandi-sobulumko sasingazange sabelane ngesimo samkelayo ngokubanzi ngonqulo saza saba liqabane lezendalo kunye nabagxeki, basebenzise imibhalo yabo.Ikamva
Kubuqhetseba malunga ne-biography yokuqala ye-Xenophana, kwakukho umbono wokuba wazalwa malunga ne-570 BC. NS. Kwaye wayeyinzala yokuncipha okanye i-orphomens ye-Kolofonsky, eyayihlala kwimigaqo-nkqubo yokudibanisa umhlaba kwi-Izmir yanamhlanje.
Ngokutsho kolwazi oluphathisiweyo 'kwiinqaku "zomGriforina wamandulo, kwihlazo lasePersi, lo mfana waba lixhoba lorhwebo lwamakhoboka kwaye wathengwa ngeZithandi-zobulumko, igama lakhe yayiziintanda kunye ne-palamenis.
Emva kwenkululeko, ukuthatha ubuso bembongi ye-wandring kunye nomdlali we-IKenofsk, uXenofan wafika emazantsi e-Itali, kwaye kangangexesha elithile enike izimvo kwizinto ze-Elei, iKatana kunye neSirakuse. Kwangelo xesha, kusenokwenzeka ukuba wangena kubafundi eArchela okanye eBoton Athenian kunye nomoya wentanda-bulumko, owawuphuhliswa kwabenziwa obhalwe ngaphandle kokuthatha inxaxheba komculo.
Imisebenzi yoncwadi ye-colorofofon "ne" into e-Elea Itali ", ngokutsho kwezinye iingxelo, ezifunyanwa ngabantu abathandanayo, kwaye zigcinwe malunga neendinyana ezingama-20.
Kwimigca yembongi ye-xenofan, iingcinga zakhe zazigqunywe, ezamkelwa kwangoko nyana kunye nonyana omncinci oswelekileyo kunye nezithandi zentanda-bulumko zase-Elais zexesha lokuqala, kunye ne-moresm kunye nokuthandabuza.
Ke ngoko, ukusinda ukuya kubudala kwaye malunga ne-475 ukuya ku-n. NS. Ngokuthatha ukufa kwisizathu esingabhaliswanga kunye nesizathu esingaziwayo, iXenofan inefuthe kwiswindows kunye neShophism.
Intanda-bulumko
UXenofan, owayengayisebenzisi intanda-bubulumko yakhe, wayegqalwa njengomnye wabameli benkululeko, eyayigxeka ingcinga yonqulo noThixo. Kwindlela ye-satirical, wabekwa kwiimbono zemveli malunga ne-polytersism, ejonga imifanekiso yeOlimpiki enemveliso yokucinga kwabantu.Ngokoluvo lwakhe, ukuba uthixo wadala uthixo wayengenalungelo lokuguqula kumxholo wonqulo, kuba benza inyani yomntu njengentsomi kwaye bengazange bahlukene nokuziphatha okuhle nokuziphatha.
Esona sizathu sokubonakala kwemilinganiselo yasezulwini intanda-bulumko yayithatyathwa ngokungazi, eyaba yeyona nto iphambili yomxholo we-GESOOD kunye ne-HOSER yenyusa umbono ongachanekanga we thixo. Wayekholelwa ukuba into yokuqala, eyazala eyona nto iphambili, yayilisebe elithile elingaqhelekanga, elalikho emhlabeni ekuqaleni kwaye lalisekwe kwingcinga yokuba.
Yibhola engaqhelekanga-njengezinto ezifanayo ezingabonakaliyo ezizimase iindawo ezihamba kuyo yonke indawo, zinokunika ulwazi olupheleleyo kwaye zifumane intsingiselo kwizinto ezininzi. Ukungangqinelani okunjalo phakathi kokuqonda kokuqonda nokudangabekiswa okuphawulweyo ukuqala kwethiyori yolwazi, echaza ukuba akukho mntu ufumana inyani, ngekhe kwenzeke ukuyicacisa le nyaniso.
Ifilosofi enjalo yaphumela ekuqiqeni malunga nokuqhubeka kunye nokwahluka komcimbi kwaye ibeka isiqalo sendlela ye-dialeksi, imvakalelo, ukucinga nokuthanda nokuthanda izinto ezibonakalayo.
Ukujonga umhlaba ojikeleze ingcinga enjalo, uXenofan wenza igalelo elikhulu kwisayensi yamandulo yesiGrike, echaza izinto ezininzi zendalo kwimibhalo, ezalwe ngokukodwa emhlabeni nasemanzini. Ke, kumbongo wentanda-bulumko "kwindalo", igcinwe ngokuyinxenye ekuguquleleni ulwandlekazi, inzululwazi ithathela ingqalelo ulwandle lokuqala, kwaye lwenziwe umhlaba kakhulu.
Ewe kunjalo, bebude bexesha lakwangenakwamkela le mibono emininzi kunye nezinye izimvo ezininzi zefilosofi, eziphuhliswe kwiimfundiso zase-Aleans kunye nabagxeki baphakamisa eyabo igalelo. Ndiyabulela kubo kunye nemigca eseleyo yemisebenzi yaseXenonophane, inzala yafumana imibono malunga nezimvo, kwaye umfundi owaziwayo kaPlato Aristotle wachitha sonke isithandwa.
Iikowuti
- "Bonke abantu abanganyanisekanga nehlazo, bathetha ngokuba yi-Homer yeNkosi kunye neHesison: ubusela, ukukrexeza kunye nokukhohlisa."
- "Yonke into (iphakama) emhlabeni nayo yonke into iza kuphinda ibe sekupheleni."
- "Kodwa ukuba iinkunzi zeenkomo, amahashe kunye neengonyama zazinezandla kwaye zinokubangela kwaye zenze imisebenzi (i-ART) njengabantu, iinkunzi zeenkomo kwaye zinike (yintoni ngumfanekiso womzimba (wonke umntu ngendlela yabo). "
I-Bibliography
- "Malunga nendalo"
- "Isiseko seColorofofolo"
- "UCWANGCISO E-ELEA NEALY"