Biography
UZainab Biisheva - I-poetess, iproses kunye nomguquleli, ophunyezwe kwicandelo loncwadi nakwindawo yontanzo. Umbhali we-bazkortostan, wabandakanyeka kwinguqulelo yemfundo. Iingoma ze-biheeva lilifa lenkcubeko kunye nepropathi yeRiphabhlikhi. Umbhali waba nguMdali wemisebenzi yabantwana kunye nabantu abadala, esandiswa njengomdlalo wempangelo, umbhali wentsomi, okhokela nemibongo.Ubuntwana noLutsha
UZaiab Biisheva wazalelwa eBashkortostan, kwilali yaseTumbetovo, ngoJanuwari 15, 1908. Xa le ntombazana yayineminyaka emi-4 ubudala, intsapho yafudukela kwenye indawo - kwilali yaseSofim. Umama wasweleka xa uZainab wayeneminyaka emincinci, kwaye utata wakhe wabulawa kungekudala. Isikhundla semali sezezimali simise iimeko zokuphila. Emva kokuphumelela kwibanga le-4 lesikolo sasekhaya, u-Bisheva wanyanzeleka ukuba azibandakanye kwimfundo. Ukususela ebuntwaneni, umbhali wexesha elizayo wayethanda ubuchule bokuyila kwaye wazama ukubonisa iimvakalelo kwimibongo.
Ngo-1924, le ntombazana ingena ugqirha we-Orereburg uchwephesha, apho wadibanisa izifundo zakhe kunye nokuzonwabisa. Yayiluguquko lwekhadinali kubomi bukaZenabhi, onokutshintsha ingubo eqhelekileyo entle ngendlela enikezwe abafundi. Kwiziko lemfundo, lalihlanganisana kwisangqa esibhaliweyo kwaye sasiphakathi kwababhali bephephabhuku "esi sizukulwana sincinci". Ukuqala kwiNzululwazi yezeNzululwazi, i-bihehevava i-wibiava inqwenela ukufunda. Kwilali yakhe yemveli, wayengenalo ithuba kunye nexesha lokufunda, ngenxa yoko kwisayensi yezobugcisa waneliseke ngokupheleleyo iimfuno.
Le ntombazana isebenza njengomhleli kwaye yayinomdla wokuvuna i-folklore. Ukumbona umsebenzi wakhe, abacebisi bathandana nomsebenzi wokubhala, kodwa waphila iphupha malunga nelali kunye nomsebenzi ohlanganisiweyo. Indawo oya kuyo i-Biisheva ifuna ukuphakamisa isizukulwana esitsha sabantu abanobuchule.
Ngokuthe ngcembe iphuhlisa ubuchule boqeqesho, le ntombazana iqinileyo i-8 yezihlobo kwaye yaqalisa ukubhala imidlalo kwaye iprose. Uye waqonda ukuba ungumguquleli ovela kwiRussian ukuya e-Bashkir. Ngo-1929, uZainab wafumana idiploma kwaye wafudukela kwilali yaseBilinyavovo ukuba asebenze njengomfundisi wesikolo. Ngelo xesha, utitshala wathathwa njengomoya.
Umcebisi oselula wayenamandla kwaye akhuthele, abhinqe kwaye avunyelwe ukuba afundise abantwana kunye nabantu abadala. Ngeengokuhlwa, walungelelanisa ngokuhlwa kwiklabhu yasekuhlaleni, ekuxoxwe ngayo iingxaki zabahlali. Njengolwazi, uZainab wazama ukulwa nokuqonda okungapheliyo ebomini, echaza iinkalo zezinto ezikhoyo zanamhlanje ebantwini. Ezintlanganisweni, wabuzwa imibuzo ngokubanzi kunye nobuqu, kunye ne-wiiheshe efumene iimpendulo ezinobuchule.
Ubomi Buqu
Imisebenzi yezentlalo neyayiyo ye-poetess idityaniswa ngokulula ngesixhobo sobomi bakho. UZainab wayenethamsanqa lokudibana nendoda exhasa ukuqala kwetalente ekhethwe. Iqabane laseBisheva laba yiGazez Aminov. Umtshato wabantu abancinci wenzeka ngo-1931. Amazibulo abo aswele i-menititis, kodwa kwakhanya ke eli bhinqa lalinika iqabane labathathu.Ngexesha leMfazwe yeLizwe eliNgcwele, umyeni kaBhiisheva walwa ngaphambili. Wabuyela kwikhaya elikhubazekileyo, kodwa akazange atshintshe iimvakalelo zamaqabane. Omnye udade ongumhlolokazi wanceda ukugcina ingxelo yombhali, ngenxa yoko wahlanganela enempumelelo neeprojekthi zikawonke-wonke nezoncwadi ezingazange zimonakalise usapho. Umyeni wombhali wasweleka ngo-1977.
Iincwadi
Ibhayiloji yokuyila yaseZainab Biisheva inxulumene ngokusondeleyo necala lokubhala. Ekuqaleni, wapapashwa kwiRiphabhlikhi yaseRiphabhlikhi, eyenziwa kwirediyo, imisebenzi yakhe yokuqala abavakalisi. Inqaku elibalulekileyo lophuhliso lobungcali yayingena kwimanyano yababhali be-USSR.
Incwadi yombhali ye-bitut yabona ukukhanya ngo-1942 kwaye yabizwa ngokuba "yinkwenkwe." I-Bibliography yombhali eyi-Bibliography yazilwa imisebenzi emininzi eyadluliselwa kwiilwimi zasemzini kwaye yaphumelela abafundi kwihlabathi liphela. Imibhalo ebalulekileyo ye-chisheva yafakwa kwindawo yemidlalo ye-USSR, kwaye imibongo yayisekwe kwiingoma. Enkosi kumsebenzi wokuguqulela, uZarnab Bashkir Abafundi baqhelene nemisebenzi yeNikolai Gogol, uAnton Chenkov, eAlexei Tolstoy kunye neMaxim gorukela.
Umbhali wawuphakathi kwazo iinoveli zebhinqa lokuqala. I-Trilogy yezeMbali "Ukukhanya!", Yeyakhe iPeru, yaba ngumnikelo woncwadi weSoviet kwaye yapapashwa eBashkir naseRussia. Incwadi yayiquka imisebenzi "ihlanyiweyo", "kwi-ICA enkulu" kunye "nemesh". Ezi zincoko zithathwa njengezibaluleke kakhulu kwilifa leZainab biisheva. Umbhali usebenzile ngefom encinci nenkulu. Phakathi kwendalo yayo kukwayincwadi ethi "Indoda engaqhelekanga", "Thanda", "Inkosi kunye noFeferice".
Ukuphunyezwa njengeproses, i-bihehevald ayilibali malunga nothando ngemibongo. Ubhale imibongo yemibongo, imibongo kunye nokuxoxa. Ukudibanisa ubuchule kunye nomsebenzi kubahleli babavakalisi abahlukeneyo, uZainab wahlala eyinto yoluntu. Ngelishwa, nokuba umbhali onjalo nowamkelayo uhlala ejongene nobunzima. Iincwadi zikaBisheva kwakunzima ukuziprinta, kwaye umbhali wakhalaza ngokuphindaphindiweyo ngayo kufutshane.
I-bibliografi ebanzi yombhali yaba yipropathi yenkcubeko yeRiphabhlikhi. Imisebenzi kaZainab Biisheva yayifundile ezikolweni. Wamkelwa njengombhali odumileyo kwaye waba yi-Laureate yeeprimiyathi zoncwadi kunye namabhaso karhulumente.
Ukufa
UZainab biisheva akazange angowe-1996. Unobangela wokufa kombhali yayisisifo sentliziyo. Ingcwaba lakhe likwimimandla yamaSilamsi e-UFA.Imemori
Ilifa lemveli kunye neproses inemisebenzi emininzi. Phakathi kwabo ziinoveli, amanqaku, iintsomi, imidlalo, imidlalo, imibongo kunye nemibongo. Iifoto ze-bihesheva ziposelwe kwiincwadi zezifundo zeRiphabhlikhi, kwaye inkumbulo yombhali igcinwe enkosi kumfanekiso obhaliweyo. Igama lomculi kwi-Bashkortostan Esfs Izitrato, amaziko okupapasha, amaziko emfundo, nakwilali yemfundo eZinab Bisheva, indlu yoMthethozi-mboleko yombhali yavulwa. Ngo-2016, kwasekwa ilitye lesikhumbuzo kwisitrato esikhulu e-UFE.
I-Bibliography
- Ngo-1949 - ICOHCLAU
- Ngo-1956-1959 - "Uhlazekile"
- Ngo-1957 - "IKurai yomlingo"
- Ngo-1959 - "Iringi engaqondakaliyo"
- Ngo-1960- "Indoda engaqhelekanga"
- Ngo-1961 - Gullebar
- Ngo-1962 - "uphi, Gulnis?"
- Ngo-1963 - "Duma, Duma"
- Ngo-1964 - "Thanda kunye nentiyo"
- Ngo-1966 - "VUK"
- Ngo-1972 - "Masibe ngabahlobo"
- Ngo-1981 - "Zulhiz"
- Ngo-1984 - "I-Monolog yokugqibela ye-Salavat"