Biography
UAlexander Marnesco, wanika isihloko se-HOVITON ye-Soviet Union, wayengumphathi we-3 RDD, umphathi we-chiettartine, eyayimele i-baltic Fleet Fleet. Ngobusika bowe-1945, ukusebenza kwayo kwakusebenza, ngenxa yokuba inqanawa yasemkhosini yeFascictist yayingqongwe, eyayidla ngokuba yi-Drivener "i-Wiliyeli Gustloff".Ubuntwana noLutsha
UAlexander Ivanovich u-Adenesco wazalelwa eOdessa kwiNdlu yoMsebenzi waseRomania kunye nebhinqa lesizwe sase-IUkraine kwintsapho yodidi. Utata wayengumlilo kunye noomatiloshe ababekhonza isithuthi saseburhulumenteni, ukuze umntwana abe nenkwenkwana yamamela amabali malunga neenqanawa.
Bazali, badityaniswa nomtshato ekuqaleni kweminyaka yee-1910, bahlala ngokuthozama kwaye bengazalwa njengamakhulu abantu abasebenzayo. Umphathi wexesha elizayo womnyhadala, owahlala engakhathalelwanga, wayekwinkampani efanelekileyo kubudala babantwana abangabamelwane.
Ngeminyaka yee-1920, uSasha wayefunda kwisikolo samabanga aphakamileyo kwaye waphumelela kwikhadi elinesithandathu kwikhadi leminyaka eli-13. Emva koko, ukusebenzisa ubudlelwane bezalamane, walungisa umncedisi womatiloshe kwinqanawa, ehlala rhoqo kwi-Mnyama ne-Azov Seas.
Amava afunyanisayo amnceda lo mfana ukuba angenise iSikolo seSingCwangciso seSung River kwaye ungene kwisikolo sikaBakazi kunye neentsikelelo zikaYise. Emva kokuba ekhululiwe kwiziko, waba ngowesithathu, emva koko umncedisi wesibini kumphathi wenqanawa yaseOdetsa.
Oogxa bakhumbula ukuba uAlexander wayefuna ukunikela ngobomi kwinqanawa yokurhweba, ibe wayengacingi ngomsebenzi womkhosi. Iimeko ziphuhlise ngendlela eyaziwa ngayo le ndoda.
Ubomi Buqu
Ngeminyaka yee-1930s, uNina Cariukhina, kamva owaba ngumfazi wakhe wavela kubomi bomphathi wamabanga amabanga aphantsi komhlaba. Emva kokuzalwa kwentombi, uLeonora Marco, indoda eyayinomlinganiswa onothando, okwethutyana.Ngexesha lemfazwe, uAlexander Ivanovich waphulukana nentembelo yakhe iqabane, kuba wayeqala iinoveli ecaleni. Intsapho yaqhekeka, kwaye indyebo yeOdemas yaqala ukuhlala nendudumo yeValentine, eyaba ngunina kaTiana kaTatiana.
Indlela yedabi
Yonke into iqalile ngento yokuba ekuweni ko-1933 uMarinto kwi-Komsomol Pourevka kuthunyelwa kwizifundo ezikhethekileyo zokuqulunqwa komyalelo kunye ne-peasbor floet flaet flaweent. Umntu ophantsi kwamanzi aphantsi kwamandla aseSoviet ayimfuneko kwiinkokeli ezinamava.
UMarinto - Indoda yasebudeni, eyayinengqondo ebukhali kunye nobuchule obufakelweyo, kodwa uqeqesho lwakhe lwalunqweneleka kakhulu. Ngaphandle koku, umfana oqhele ukuveza uluvo oluqhelekileyo, ephumelele indawo yabasemagunyeni kwaye wafumana uphawu olunokufikeleleka lwabalawuli.
Lowo uphumeleleyo waqeshwa kwisithuba seNavigator Sh-306 ("Pike"), equka i-squadron yezithuthi ze-baltic. Ngentwasahlobo yowe-1936, xa umkhosi weSoviet wazisa inkqubo yezikhundla zomkhosi weSofamile, uAlexander waba nguLieutenant.
Emva kwethuba, uMarinto wafika ithuba lokuya kwizifundo zokurhoxisa esekwe kubunkokeli kwiBhunga leSibhengezo seKirovSky, elivunyelwe ukuba liqale inkonzo ye-Subrine L-1 ("Baby").
Ekuqaleni kweMfazwe yeLizwe eliNgcwele, umphambili, owayalelwa ngu-Marneco, wafuduselwa kwikomkhulu le-Estonia. Embindini wehlobo lowe-1941, inqanawa ithathe inxaxheba kwimisebenzi ye-DLUAT kwi-Gulf kwaye kungekudala ifumene umonakalo ofuna ulungiso lwexesha elide.
Ukuphuma kwii-docks ngoAgasti 1942, umphambili wenqanawa waphula izicwangciso zengqungquthela yeentshaba ezintlanu, kwaye emva kweenyanga ezimbini, i-M-96 ye-M-96 i-Enigma ". Imisebenzi kaMarinto kwiminyaka yokuqala yomlo wokulwa nabaFasi baphawulwa ngokulandelelana kweLenin kunye nesihloko somphathi wenqanaba lesithathu.
Umphathi weSoviet Ngamaxesha okuzihlaziya akhatyelwe yimithetho emiselweyo, ngo-Eva olandelayo elwandle ufumana isohlwayo soqeqesho. Le ndoda ayisuswanga kwimisebenzi ye-distat kwaye yavunyelwa ukuba ihlale phantsi komkhenkce ngeenjini ezimbini zedizili.
Ebusika, uhlaselo lwenkulungwane "lwenzekile ebusika woyisa 1945, inqanawa ene-C-13 yokumakisha i-C-13 ephawuleka ngaphezu kweentshaba eziliwaka. Ithagethi yayisisibhedlele esidadayo seFleet yaseJamani "uWilhelm Gustloff", owayesakuba yi-liner liner phakathi kwiminyaka engama-30.
Inyanga emva kwezi zinto zabelwa ngababhali-mbali njenge-feat, i-Shirmarmarmarmarmarmarmarmar shyben "kwindlela ye-gdansk bay. Umphathi weSigaba se-3, owaba lutshaba lomgcini, waxolelwa kwangaphambili ukuba afuduke kwaye anike i-odolo yebhendi ebomvu.
Iphulo lokugqibela lakwaMarneco laphela ngomsele oluNgcwele: Umphathi we-Submarmarine wafumana inqanawa yaseJamani, kodwa ayikwazanga ukumhlasela. Izenzo zeqhawe lemfazwe enkulu yamkelekile abonayo ngenxa yokuba umntu ophantsi akazange aphumeze umsebenzi wase-gorimar.
Igama lesidlaliso le-nikolali gerasimovich kuznetssov isungulwe ukususwa komphathi ukusuka kwisithuba kunye nokuthoba kwinqanaba. Ummi waseOdessa wabuyela kumphathi womhambi kwaye wahlala kwiFleet Fleet yeBaltic de agxothwe.
Emva kweMfazwe
Ngasekupheleni kwe-40s, uMarinto wathatha indawo yentloko yesikhululo sikatofeto lotofelo-gazi kwiZiko loPhando kwiLeningrad. Kwaye emva koko watyholwa ngokungalindelekanga 'ngokuhlamba intlalo kuthetha ukuba. " Isibakala sokuba umphathi we-3 rank wagwetywa ukuvalelwa entolongweni, wabangela umdlali onesidima kwaye wenza umdla woluntu.Iqhawe lemfazwe lalikhonza isigwebo kwilali yaseKhabarovski, sikhululwe ngulo wadibana nohambo ogcinwe luphononongo lweSithili seThembahsky-Ladoga. Kwiminyaka yee-1950s, xa izifundo zimi, xa izifundo zimi, uAlexander Ivanovich ukhokela iyunithi yokubonelela ngelinye lamashishini ane-leningrad.
Ukufa
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, uMarinto uzifumene iingxaki zempilo kwaye wasweleka ngenxa yokugula ngo-1963. Ekupheleni kukaNovemba, umphathi wamafutha wangcwatywa wangcwatyelwa kwi-Bogoslovsky Comerys kwiSt. Petersburg.
Ixesha elide ingcwaba lomthathi-nxaxheba "lokuhlaselwa lwenkulungwane" lwalusekuphelisweni. Ngasekupheleni kwama-70s, abantu bayakhumbula malunga nomphathi ozukileyo, kwaye abantu baqalisa ukuza apho.
Kwiminyaka yokuhlengahlengiswa, ngokulandelelana, i-miselail ye-miselailvich gorbhoev ye-gorbaaches ye-gorbaaches yahlaziya kwaye ihlonipha isihloko segorha leSoviet Union. Kwizixeko ezinje ngeKalilod, eKronadst, iOdessa kunye neSevastopol, amatye aqingqiweyo kunye nezitrato zabonakala ngathi zibizwa ngokuba yiNqaba.
Kwi-St. Petersburg, ekuqaliselani oomatiloshe, imyuziyam yamandla angaphantsi kwamaRussia ayenziwa. Kubeka inkcazo-ntle yeefoto, amabhaso kunye neentende zomkhosi we-1941-1945, kunye neendlela zokuma ngeembali kunye needayari zabathathi-nxaxheba kumaphulo amnandi.
Amabhaso
- Iqhawe leSoviet Union
- I-odolo ye-lenin
- I-odolo yebhedi ebomvu
- IMediga "yokulwa kakuhle
- Indondo "yokukhusela iLeningrad"
- Imbasa "yoloyiso phezu kweJamani kwiMfazwe yeMfazwe ka-1941-1945."
- Imbasa "kwimemori yeminyaka engama-250 yeminyaka yeLeningrad"
Imemori
- IGAMA A. I. Marnesco inxiba i-odessa eluthulini.
- Izikhumbuzo A. I. Marnesco ifakwe e-Odessa, Kanalingrad, eKronads, St. Petersburg naseLochwice.
- Ubomi bukaMarinto uzinikele kwiifilimu zobugcisa "ukubuyela ukulibala", "emva koThixo" kunye "noGustloff".
- I-PPodevig A. I-Marnedoco ichazwe kwi-Romar Hable God "i-craba trajectory".
- Kwigorha legorha leSoviet Union yomphathi we-3 RDRCK A.I nelitye lesikhumbuzo kwi-farmailovsk yommandla we-mingalovsk of the-chialovsk of the chialovsk of the the-chikilovsk of the the-chikilovsk of stopoportions.
- I-Gubile Gubile GubileE ye-jeulile "i-100 yeminyaka ukuzalwa kwegorha leSoviet Union A. I. Marneco" wakhululwa.
- Ngo-1983, imikhosi yabafundi beSikolo seOdessa School Nomb. 105 (Iqela lokukhangela "inkumbulo yentliziyo") yadalwa yimyuziyam ebizwa ngu-A. I.