Biography
UMichelangelo ufoniroti sisiseko esaziwayo se-genissance yeRenaissance, eyazisa igalelo elibalulekileyo kwiCandelo lezoNondyebo lweNkcubeko yehlabathi.Ubuntwana noLutsha
NgoMatshi 6, 1475, umntwana wesibini wazalwa kwintsapho yaseBuonaroti Simina, eyayibizwa ngokuba yiMichelangelo. Utata wenkwenkwe wayengoodolophu wedolophu yase-Itali yeKarPeza kwaye wayengumntakwethu osapho oluhle. Utat'omkhulu notat'omkhulu uMichelangelo babethathwa njengezibhanki ezizinzileyo, kodwa abazali babephila kakubi. Imeko kasodolophu ayizange ingenise imali eninzi kuyise, kodwa wawuthathela ingqalelo omnye umsebenzi (emzimbeni). Kwinyanga enye emva kokuzalwa koNyana, inkonzo yenkonzo yeLodovico di Lingordo njengoko usodolophu weza esiphelweni. Kwaye intsapho yafudukela kwilifa le-generic eFlorence.
UFralincesca, umama kamama, wayehlala ekhulelwe, kwaye ekhulelwe, wawela ihashe, ngenxa yoko andikwazanga ukondla umntwana ngokwam. Ngenxa yoku, i-hiny yase-tick yayalelwa yi-ramonie, kwaye iminyaka yokuqala yobomi bakhe yayibanjiwe kusapho lweKamenotes. Umntwana ovela ebuntwaneni odlalwa ngamatye kunye ne-chiisels, ulikhoboka lokungaqhelekanga. Xa inkwenkwe ikhulile, wayedla ngokuthi italente yakhe inyanzelekile ukuba italente kamama kaMoni.
Umama kamama wasweleka, xa uMika waqala iminyaka emi-6. Ichaphazele kakhulu i-psyche yomntwana ukuba ivaliwe, ingacaphuki kwaye ingathandi. Utata, enexhala kumphefumlo woNyana, umnika isikolo seFrancesco Galeota. Umfundi akabonisi igrama kwigrama, kodwa kuyavela abahlobo ababeka uthando lokupeyinta.
Kwiminyaka ye-13, uMichelange wabhengeza utata wakhe ukuba akazimisele ukuqhubeka nokuthandana nezezimali zosapho, kwaye uya kukhokelwa ngobuchule begcisa. Ngenxa yoko, ngo-1488, umntwana okwishumi elivisayo uba ngumfundi wabazalwana baseFilindian, abazisa kubugcisa bokudala i-frescoas kunye nokupeyinta okusisiseko.
Kwindibano yocweyo yeGhirlaio ichithe unyaka, emva koko kwakuqhubela isifundo kwiigadi zaseMediti, apho italente yomfana yayinomdla kumlawuli wase-Itali Lorenzo Berezo Berezo Benzo Benzo Benziphedezo. Ngoku i-biography kaMichelangelo iphinde yenziwa ngokuqhelekileyo kunye neMekoti emincinci, eyaba ngutata waseRoma. Ukusebenza kwiigadi zeSan Marco, umngcipheko omncinci wafumana imvume eNico Bicchelin (uMvuzo weCawe) kuphononongo lwezidumbu zabantu. Enkosi, wabethelela emnqamlezweni nobuso bukaYesu kwiCawe. Ukufunda amathambo kunye nezihlunu zezidumbu, uMichelangelo wadibana ngokupheleleyo nobume bomzimba womntu, kodwa wawathoba impilo yakhe.
Nge-16, umfana wadala imifanekiso emibini yokuqala - iMadonna kufutshane nezitepsi "kunye" nedabi leCentaXars ". Ezi zincwadi zokuqala ze-BASE, ezaziphuma ezandleni zakhe, zibonisa ukuba inkosi yaselula inesiphiwo esingaqhelekanga, kwaye ikamva lakhe eliqaqambileyo lilindele.
Indalo
Emva kokusweleka kukaLorenzo, i-Medica etroneni, unyana wakhe uPila we-piradde, owatshabalalisa inkqubo yeRiphabliki yaseFlorence ene-Florence ngezopolitiko. Kwangelo xesha, umkhosi waseFransi phantsi kobunkokeli bukaCharles VIII uhlaselo lwe-Italy. Uguquko lukhanyise ilizwe. UFlorence, odluliselwe ziimfazwe ze-Unicocine, azithethi ngokuchasene neyasemkhosini kwaye zinikezele. Imeko yezobupolitika neyaphakathi e-Itali iyaqaqamba kumda ongenagalelo kumsebenzi weMichelangelo. Indoda iya eVenice naseRoma, apho uqhubeka khona uqeqesho kwaye uqhubela phambili imifanekiso eqingqiweyo kunye nemifanekiso eqingqiweyo yasekude.Ngo-1498, umqwebeki wenza umfanekiso oqingqiweyo "wokugoduka" kunye nokuqulunqwa "kwePieta", umzise udumo lwehlabathi. Ukuphononongwa, apho uMaria waselula ubambe izandla ezandleni zikaYesu, ezibekwe kwiCawe yaseSt. Petros. Kwiintsuku ezimbalwa kamva, uMichelangelo weva incoko enye ye-Pilgrim, eyathi ukwakhiwa kukaPieta "kwadalwa nguChristoforo Solari. Ngobusuku obuthile, inkosi yasencinci yamkela ingqumbo, ingene ecaweni kunye nombhalo ekubetheleleni isigcina-sifungo sikaMariya. Ukufika kwakho: "UMichel Angelius Bonarotus Flornty fibat - Michongelo Buonaloroti, Florence.
Emva kwethuba elincinci, wazohlwaya ekuhlaseleni kwakhe ikratshi kwaye wagqiba ekubeni angabi sasayina umsebenzi wakhe.
Kwiminyaka engama-26, uMiks wathatha umsebenzi onzima kakhulu-ukuqhuba umfanekiso oqingqiweyo webhloko yemitha ezi-5 yemabula echithiwe. Omnye wabantu ababephila ngexesha lakhe ngaphandle kokudala nantoni na enomdla, ephosa nje ilitye. Okungakumbi akukho namnye kwiinkosi owayekulungele ukuphucula i-marble ye-gripled. NguMichelangelo kuphela engakoyiki ubunzima kwaye emva kweminyaka emithathu, ndatyhila umhlaba ubumfanekiso obukhulu bukaDavide. Lo msebenzi wobugcisa uvisisane kakhulu kwiifom, ezaliswe ngamandla kunye namandla angaphakathi. I-sclolptor ikwazile ukuphefumla ubomi kwi-marble ebandayo.
Xa inkosi igqibile umsebenzi kumfanekiso oqingqiweyo, ikhomishini yenziwa, eyazimisela ukubekwa kwendawo yomsebenzi wobugcisa. Intlanganiso yokuqala yeMichelangelo ngoLeonardo da Vinci yenzeka apha. Le ntlanganiso ayinakwenzeka ukuba ibizwe ngobuhlobo, kuba uLeonardo oneminyaka engama-50 waphulukana nobukrelekrele bakhe kwaye wade wade wade wafumana i-michelangelo kwizinto zentshukumo. Ukubona oku, i-piole yasePiro yasePiro ifanele ukhuphiswano phakathi kwamagcisa, laliphathiselela ukuba ipeyinti yeendonga zebhunga elikhulu ePalazo vecchio.
UDavici uqala umsebenzi kwi-Fresco ebaleni "ledabi lika-Angeriari", kwaye uMichelangelo wayethatha "imfazwe yeKashin" njengesiseko. Xa ii-Sketch ezi-2 zazivezwa kukuphononongwa ngumntu wonke, akukho namnye kubagxeki abanokuthi bakhethe nayiphi na into. Zombini iKhadibhodi iphumile ukuba yenziwe ngobuchule ukuba isitya semthethweni silungelelanisa italente yebrashi kunye neepeyinti.
Ekubeni uMichelangelene naye weva umququ oqaqambileyo, wacelwa ukuba apeyisele udlelo lwenye yeecawa ze-rooman kwiVatican. Kulo msebenzi, umbungu wamkelwa kabini. Ukusukela nge-1508 ukuya kwi-1512, isilingi secawe sipeyintwe, indawo eyayineemitha ezingama-600. Iimitha, iiplani ezivela kwiTestamente Endala ukusuka kumzuzu wokuyilwa kwehlabathi ukuya kuMkhukula. Umntu wokuqala ubonakala ngathi uyaqaqanjiswa apha - uAdam. Ekuqaleni, uMike wacwangcisa ukutsalela kuphela abapostile, kodwa iprojekthi yaphefumlela iNkosi eyahlulela iminyaka emi-4 yobomi.
Okokuqala, umzobi wapeyinta kunye noPensko Granaxi, Giuliano Bhagarni kunye nekhulu abasebenzi abaluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kodwa ke ngokomsindo wagxotha intombi yakhe. Amaxesha okudala umsebenzi wobugcisa wabufihla kwangathi pope of Roma, owaphinda wakhawuleza wajonga ukupeyinta. Ekupheleni kuka-1511, uMichelangelo waphefumlelwa kakhulu zizicelo zonxaniwe ukuze ubone indalo, evule ikhuselo lemfihlo. Ibonile inyibilikisile ingcinga yabantu abaninzi. Nditsho noRafael, echukunyiswe yile ntlungu, ngokuyinxenye watshintsha indlela yakhe yeleta.
Umsebenzi kwi-Scie Chapel udiniwe ngumfanekiso omkhulu obhala kwidayari yakhe:
"Emva kweminyaka emine emiselweyo, esenza ngaphezulu kwamanani angama-400 ngobungakanani obugcweleyo, ndaziva ndindala kwaye ndidiniwe. Ndandineminyaka engama-37 kuphela, kwaye bonke abahlobo abangabahlobo babelazi ukuba indoda endala, ndaba yiyo.Ubhalela ukuba amehlo akhe aphelelwe kukubona umsebenzi weshumi, kwaye ubomi baba mnyama kwaye ngwevu.
Ngo-1535, uMichelangelolo uphinde wathatyathwa ngenxa yokupeyinta iindonga kwi-sistine chapel. Ngeli xesha wenza i-fresco yenkundla eyoyikekayo, eyabangela isaqhwithi sokucaphuka phakathi kwamarhamente. Embindini wokuqulunqwa, uYesu Kristu, ejikelezwe ngabantu abaze. La manqaku abantu abonise aboni kwaye banobulungisa. Imiphefumlo ye-Orthodox ikhwela ezulwini kwiingelosi, kwaye aboni baqokelela charon kwi-switcher yabo babaqhubele esihogweni.
Ukukhusela amakholwa awabangela ukuba kungabikho mfanekiso ngokwakhe, kodwa izenziwe zezomzimba engafanelanga ukuba kwindawo engcwele. Iminxeba iphindaphindwe kaninzi ekutshatyalalisweni kwe-Fresco ye-Fresco ye-Italian. Ngelixa usebenza emfanekisweni, umculi wawa evela kumahlathi, enza kakubi umlenze wakhe. Indoda ngokooxuwe yabona umqondiso kaThixo kule nto kwaye yagqiba kwelokuba ishiye umsebenzi. Wayekwazi ukukholisa kuphela oyena mhlobo ulungileyo, kunye nogqirha wexesha elidlulileyo owanceda isigulana ukuba siphilise.
Ubomi Buqu
Amalungu amaninzi ahlala ejikeleze ubomi bomntu odumileyo. Umiselwe iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zobudlelwane obusondeleyo kunye nabalinganiswa babo. Ukuxhasa uguqulelo lobufanasini, uMichelangelolo uthi akazange atshate. Naye wachaza oku kulandelayo:
"Ubugcisa bunekhwele kwaye lufuna umntu wonke. Ndinomlingane opheleleyo, yena, nabantwana bam yimisebenzi yam.Ukuqinisekiswa ngokuthe ngqo kwababhali-mbali kufumanisa ukuba nolwalamano lwakhe lothando kunye nosomsu wekholam yeVitotoria. Lo mfazi, owahlukileyo yimozulu ebalaseleyo, efanelwe luthando kunye nokunamathela ngokunzulu kuMichelangelo. Ngapha koko, iMarquis Pescara ithathwa njengeyona bhinqa ligama linye negama elixhunyiwe nomculi omkhulu.
Kuyaziwa ukuba badibana ngo-1536, xa uMarquis wafika eRoma. Kwiminyaka embalwa, eli bhinqa lanyanzeleka ukuba liphume esixekweni liye kwi-vitorbo. Isizathu yayikukuphakamisa komzalwana wakhe nxamnye noPawulos III. Ukusukela kule meko, imbalelwano yeMichelangelom kunye ne-vitane, eyaba sisikhumbuzo sembali. Kukholelwa ukuba ubudlelwane bukaMichelangelom noVitotoria yayisisimilo sothando oluphambili. Ukuhlala obambeleyo kwidabi lomyeni wakhe, iMarquis yafumana iimvakalelo kuphela kumzobi.
Ukufa
UMichelangele wagqiba indlela yakhe yasemhlabeni eRoma 18, 1564. Kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuba afe, umzobi watshabalalisa, imizobo nemibongo engafakwanga. Emva koko waya kwiCawa encinci yaseSanta Marialia del angeli, apho wayefuna ukuzisa umfanekiso kaMadonna ukuya kwimfezeko. Umsikisi wayekholelwa ukuba wonke umsebenzi wakhe ebengamluklimi uYehova, uThixo. Kwaye yena akakufanelekeli ukuhlangana neParadesi, kuba engazange ashiye emva kwenzala, ngaphandle kwamatye angenasipho. UMika wayefuna ukuphefumla ubomi kumfanekiso oqingqiweyo waseMadonna kule mihla yokugqibela ukuze agqibe imicimbi yasemhlabeni.
Kodwa kwiCawe ukusuka ngaphezulu, waphulukana nengqondo, wavuka kusasa ngengomso. Ukufika endlini, umntu uwa ebhedini, acamale uMoya, aze amenze umoya.