Biography
I-Tsar Fyodor Alekseevich ibizwa ngokuba nguPeter indlini yetrone, ndililungiselele ulungiso. Umntakwe-nye kaPeter Kakhulu kwiminyaka emi-6 kaRhulumente (ukusuka kwi-1676 ukuya kwi-1682) waqala kakhulu kwinto yokuba umlawuli waseRussia wonke ugqityiwe ngempumelelo. Indlalifa kwitrone yaseRussia Ferne Ferne hekseevich romanov yazalelwa kwidolophu enkulu ngo-1661.
Umtshato waseTsar Alexei Mikhailovich, owayebizwa ngokuba nguMaria MuloslavSkaya ukuba abe zizityebi ezindlebeni. Amaqabane ayeneminyaka emihlanu neentombi ezisixhenxe. Kodwa yonke inzala ayifani kwimpilo eyomeleleyo. Oonyana abathathu bafa kwasebusaneni. U-Ivan Alekseevich - oyena mncinci kubantwana abazolileyo - ogqirha bafumaniselwe ukubuyiswa kwengqondo.
Onke amathemba omnqunu axhonywe kwi-Fedor, Smart kunye neSayensi esithandwayo. Kodwa ke, weza kuba sempilweni. Indlalifa yasebukhosini yayigula e-qiing, yahamba, ixhomekeke kwintonga, kwaye kunqabile ukhethelwa kwibhotwe. I-Fedr Aleokseevich imfundo esemthethweni kumagxa e-Simeton Polotsk - ifilosofi, umzi wezakwalizwi, imbongi kunye nokudlala, kudume ngolwazi lwendalo iphela.
Phantsi kobunkokeli bakhe, indlalifa ifundwe, amandulo amaGrike nesiLatin, isiLatini, eguqulela imibongo aze enze imibongo. Kwaye waba nomdla kumculo nokucula. I-Fedor Alekseevich ngesithsaba ngo-1676, xa wayeneminyaka eli-16 ubudala. I-RITE yomtshato woBukumkani yenzeka eKremlin, kwinkangeleko yengqondo. Kwakuyimfuneko ukukhawuleza ngenxa yokufa kukaTata oZinzileyo - Alexey Mikilovich.
Ukuqala kweBhodi
Iinyanga zokuqala zolawulo lukaKumkani oselula zaphawulwa sisifo esinzima sikaFyodor Alekseevich. Uye walawula imeko kasolusapho u-Ikokim, ephakathi eArdarin Ascedeev kunye neVoevod Ivan Muloslavsky. Kodwa phakathi kwe-1676, i-romanov yaphinda yafumana kwaye yathumela i-AT izama ukuthatha amandla enkcitho yakhe kwikhonkco.
I-Fed Alekseevich emva kweminyaka emibini yokuqala yeBhodi yadinisa lo mmiselo uYise kwi-UNting kwi-Edlelenedy, efunyenwe kwinkonzo ngononophelo. Kwi-1678 i-1678 ibambe kubalo lwabemi, kwaye ngonyaka wabeka irhafu yakhe, eyahlawulwa kwingeniso kwipropathi. Emva kwexesha, umninawa wakhe omncinci wangena kumqamelo. Irhafu eyaqalwa yiFerdo Alekseevich izalisa i-Ofisi kaNondyebo ngeMali, kodwa yaphakamisa iRopot yeSert, ingonelisekanga nengcinezelo eyomeleze ingcinezelo.
Ukumkani, ukuxelisa abalawuli baseNtshona EYurophu, kuye kwavinjwa ubulungu bakhe kunye nesohlwayo solwaphulo-mthetho. Inzame iphumelele ngokupheleleyo. Kwimidanga kamazantsi eLizwe (intsimi yasendle) i-Ferr Alekseevich iyalele ukwakha i-gorivery ye-goricar. Incede iithunzi ukongeza amahlelo kwaye kwandise ubunini bomhlaba. Ukumkani walulungiselela utshintsho lweliphondo lwazisiwe ngumlandeli wakhe, ukuseka abalawulwa ngokwesiqhelo kwirhuluneli kunye nabemi.
Ababhali-mbali babizwa ngokuba yiyona nto iphambili kwezopolitiko zangaphakathi ze-Fzoodor Alekseevich, ukupheliswa kwe "indawo yokuhlala engxamisekileyo" ye-zenky cat'edral. Ngokwemithetho engaphelelanga, umntu wafumana i-chin enxibelele kwindawo yokusebenzela uYise. Imeko enjalo yemicimbi ayizange inike ngempumelelo ukuphuhlisa urhulumente, ukuqokelela kwaKhe.
Iincwadi ezikhutshiweyo apho uluhlu lwezikhundla zazelwa khona, ngokomyalelo wokumkani wavutha, wazisa iincwadi ze-perigree. Bangena kumagama e-Russia, ngaphandle kokubonisa iindawo kwiDuma. UFerdo Alekseevich, ofumene imfundo yehlabathi, ususe icawe evela ekuphazelelweni kwimicimbi kawonke-wonke, ukunyusa ingqokelela evela kumahlelo eCawe. Kungekudala, uPetros wayigqiba le nkqubo iqalile ngumntakwabo ngokuphelisa usolusapho.
Ezopolitiko
UFyodor Alekseevich romanov washukumisa iziko lezigqibo zikarhulumente kwi-Duma, eyandisa inani lamalungu ukusuka kwi-66 ukuya kwi-99. Ukomeleza indawo yobungangamsha. Ulawulo lwangaphambili lukaPeter inkulu yaphawulwa ngokwakhiwa kweetempile zebhotwe, amagumbi kunye nee-odolo, phantsi kwendawo yeKremlin ibekwe kwinkqubo yokuqalisa.
Kwikomkhulu, iodolo, ukubhala kwimizi yaseUkraine kunye neemonimaties zabahlengikazi kunye nabagxeki. Ukuya kuthi ga kwiminyaka engama-20, basebenza phantsi kwemoninali, bafunda ubugcisa, kwaye kubantu abaselula abangama-20 wabhalwa kwinkonzo okanye ephetheyo (umsebenzi osetyenzisiweyo). UFyodor Alekseevich wayengenalo ixesha, njengoko bekucwangcisiwe, ukwakha iiyadi ukuqeqesha abantwana baseburhulumenteni babantwana basezitalatweni.
Iinjongo zenkosi zaye zacetyiswa kwisimemo seenzululwazi zakwamanye amazwe nootitshala kwikomkhulu. Ekuqaleni kwe-1680s, unkosikazi wafumana uyilo lwezesikolo yokuqala, kodwa iPyotr Alekseevich ikwazile ukuguqula iminyaka emi-6 emva kweminyaka emi-6. Uhlobo lweFedor Alekseevich luhlangatyezwa kukwala kwamacandelo ahlukeneyo kunye nokuchasana kwentlalo. Ngo-1682 bekukho i-ovord evuthuzayo eMoscow.
Umgaqo-nkqubo wezangaphandle weMonarch uzama ukubuyisela ilizwe kuLwandle lweBaltic, elahlekelwe yiRussia ngexesha leMfazwe yaseLivonia. UFyodor Alekseevich uzuze ukufunda kunye neyunifomu yemikhosi eninzi kunoYise. Ukucofa 'umsebenzi we-baltic "kuyathintela i-turks kunye neetayile zolwaphulo-mthetho ezikhulise kwimida esemazantsi eRussia. Ke ngoko, i-autochecratic evela kwi-genanov ngo-1676 yaqala imfazwe yaseRussia, eyayigqitywe ngempumelelo kwi-1681 yoxolo isivumelwano se-161
Phantsi kweMigaqo yeKhontrakthi, iRussia imanyene nebhanki yasekhohlo yeUkraine. Ngokwe-odolo lukaKumkani kumazantsi eRussia, irasi yomgca weendinyana ezingama-400 zavela, ibotshwe yiSlobodskaya Ukraine ukusuka kwi-Turko ye-Turko-Turtoust yohlaselo. Emva kwexesha, umgca wokuzikhusela uqhubekile, uqhagamshela kunye nomgca we-belgorod molar we-molar.
Olona tshintsho luphambili uFeorn Alekseevich wenze ulawulo kule minyaka mithathu idlulileyo. Emva kokumisa ukukhohlisa ukuphambuka kwamaxesha aphakathi kolwaphulo-mthetho, waphakamisa urhulumente kwindawo entsha yempucuko. Irhafu iye yatshintsha, ukubiza imali e-odolwe.
I-Tsar Feor Alekseevich, ukuba ngumntu ofundileyo, wema kwimvelaphi yeSikolo seTypographic School, ebizwa ngokuba nguMkhuseli weSlavic-Latin Academy. URomanov wangenisa le projekthi kwintshayelelo kwimo yenqanaba (uPeter owokuqala wagqiba utshintsho lwethuba) kwaye wahlulahlula amandla omkhosi kunye nowahlulwe abantu. UFyodor Alekseevich uphuhlise iprojekthi yeZiko loMkhosi, kodwa alizange likwazi ukuphumeza.
Ubomi Buqu
I-fantites i-ferser alekseevich kwiminyaka yokuqala yeBhodi yayinguDeft, kodwa iilwimi ezinamathela ezingcanjini ze-Ivan kunye neStolnik Alexey Likhachev. Badlala ubomi bobuqu kwindima enkulu, bazisa i-romanov nentombazana ayibonileyo, ethatha inxaxheba kwi-ross sucture. Iilwimi kunye ne-lukhachev ifumanise ukuba igama elihle linguGiafia Grsusky. I-Deca Zaborovsky, uMgcini we-Agadia, wayalela ukuba anganikeli intombazana ukuba itshate kwaye ilinde ummiselo.
Ngehlobo le-1680, uFener Alekseevich noGaokkani Grushetsky bathweswa isithsaba, kodwa umtshato wabeleka emva kokuzalwa, wamnika umfazi wendlalifa. Kungekudala eli zalwa lisanda lafa. I-Tsaritsa ibonisa indlela efanelekileyo yomyeni wakhe: kwisicelo sakhe, ukumkani wawenza ukuba i-interles inqumle kwaye inxibe i-poil yasePolin Kyutshi kunye ne-Pobli. Izikolo zivele apho abantwana bafundiswa ePoland nesiLatin.
Ngomhlolokazi osivayo, owayehluthwe indlalifa, wamfumana ngokukhawuleza uMtshakazi. Baphenjelelwa ziilwimi ezifanayo neLikhachev. UFyodor Alekseevich wathabatha inkosikazi kaMarfraxin, kodwa umtshato uthathele ingqalelo iinyanga ezimbini.
Ukufa
Ukumkani wasweleka eneminyaka engama-21 yobomi ngentwasahlobo yowama-1682, kwaye ungayishiyi indlalifa uye kwitrone.
I-Fedr Romanova yangcwatywa kwi-moscow kremren, eKerathangesk Cathedral. Ookumkani bavakaliswa ngabazalwana bakaFyodor Alekseevich - asetyenziswa i-Ivan engasetyenziswanga i-Ivan kunye nelizwe.