Biography
I-Fedrity Shologub - imbongi yaseRussia, Prose, yoLuntu. Ukongeza kwindlela yoluleko, wayezibandakanya kwinguqulelo yokuguqulela kunye nemisebenzi ye-edgegogical. I-biography ngumzekelo ocacileyo wemiqondiso yaseRussia. Kude kube iintsuku zangoku, unamahlano okuyila kunye nemvelaphi yayo kunye nobubi. Akukho kutolikwa ngokuchanekileyo kwemifanekiso namagorha. Imibongo yonwabisa ingcinga kunye nee-motifs zakho zengqondo. Zizaliswe ngokoqobo ukuba lilolo kwaye lingaqondakali. Iinoveli zikhokelela kwimeko yokothuswa kwaye zithinjwe kumaphepha okuqala.
I-Fyodor Sholontub yimbongi ye-pseudugungeym. Igama lokuzalwa - iFenar Kuzmich's Shiplanants. Ekuqaleni kwendlela yokudala, wapapashwa phantsi kwegama lakhe, kwaye ngemali ebalulekileyo.
Imifanekiso yophawu lwePoeet ifuna igama eliqaqambileyo. Ngokudibeneyo kunye noogxa, iifani ezahlukileyo zaqanjwa yimpapasho, ukhetho lwethambo lezilwanyana lubonakale kolu luhlu. Elo lo yayingomnye wokuzala komntwana. Ummeli wolu hlobo yayingu-vladimir eSologb-Umbhali, i-PRECA. Ukuze ungadibani, uFyodor wenza isigqibo sokususa ileta enye "l".
Ubuntwana noLutsha
Umhla wokuzalwa - Matshi 1, 1863. Ukuzalwa kukaMama yayikwi-Petersburg. Utata womdali wexesha elizayo ngumthonyama we-poltal ye-poltava. Kwakufundwa usapho, utata akazange akhululekile kwaye iStor. Ingeniso kuphela yishishini lokuthunga. Abazali baFeedor Sonfor Sungelo ngabantu abafundileyo bafundiswe kakhulu. Kwakukho iincwadi endlwini. Utata wayekhethe ngokwemilo yabantwana kwaye ebase kuthando lobugcisa nemibongo. Yabelana ngolwazi lwakhe malunga nenkcubeko yehlabathi kunye noncwadi kunye nabo.
Kwiminyaka emibini emva kokuzalwa kukaFedir Snologana, udade wazalwa, kwaye ngaphandle kobomi obunzima kuphela. Kwintlupheko epheleleyo, ukusweleka kwentsapho yosapho kwabelwa ngo-1867. Umama uhlala wedwa kunye nabantwana ababini kwaye ngaphandle kwenkxaso yezinto ezincinci. Ukunyanzelwa komlinganiso yayisisixhobo sayo isicaka esilula kubantu abazizityebi.
Endlini nge-agapov yezemini kwaye wayeqhuba umntwana wakhe umbhali oselula. I-Aristocrats enothando ithe yaqonda inkwenkwe kwaye ixhaswe kwimicimbi yezifundo zabo, ezinikwe iikopi ezinqabileyo zeencwadi ukuba zifundwe. Kubo bonke ubomi bokugqibela kwikamva lombhali, abantu basemzini bahlala bengenelela, nto leyo eyancedayo kumzuzu onzima ozifunayo.
Ubuntwana bomntu odalayo awunakubizwa ngokuba yimvula. Kwakukho umahluko ebomini. Kwelinye icala, umhlaba wobugcisa, isayensi kunye nomculo. Kwelinye icala, umoya wobuhlwempu, umsebenzi onzima kamama kwikhitshi enyibilikayo kunye nokuhlamba iimpahla, ezaliswe ngumphunga. Ngamanye amaxesha wakha wakha wakha, kuphela ukubonelela abantwana ngokutya. Rhoqo, umama wahlukana nokungabi nathemba. Kwakukho iimeko zokubetha amaphondo ambalwa. Imbongi ithathele ingqalelo indlela ngokuhlwa, umama waphumelanga esemoyeni.
Emva kwexesha elithile, xa umbhali sele efanelekile, babhala "intuthuzelo". Apho, ngaphandle kwentiyo, echaze ubomi kwixesha elisizi. Eyona nto inqabileyo ye-ferupeb iphinde yaphinda indala le nxalenye yebhayiloji yakhe. Kodwa ukubuyisela umfanekiso opheleleyo wobomi bobuntu bokuyila, kuyimfuneko.
Ubuchule boLwazi
Okwesihlandlo sokuqala ndizizamile kwimibongo yethambo lethambo lesine. Ndizamile ukuchaza ubuxoki bam ngeli xesha elingezantsi, xa impumelelo yathunyelwa kuphela ngenxa yomsebenzi wabo.
Ngemvelo kuphela eyokuqala, uFenar waqiniseka ukuba ikamva-lokuba yimbongi eyaziwayo. Ngokuqinileyo kwithagethi, hayi okomzuzwana ungalibali malunga nefowuni. Ukuthumela uvavanyo olunye emva kwesinye, ikamva yayingentle.
Ukuba uyithoba inyani njengoko yayilusapho oluhlwempuzekileyo, ungakhankanya intuthuzelo yemoet yembongi ye-novice. Uyilo lwenzekile kwidolophu ehlambulukayo. Kwakukho amathuba amancinci ukuba adume ngakumbi kunezithintelo. Wanika imibongo yokuqala yokupapashwa kwiimagazini zephondo ngenqanaba eliphantsi kunye nenani leendaba.
Ngo-1891 yaba yinto eguqukayo kwisiphelo sombhali. Kulo nyaka, lo mfana wangena kwimo yakhe yeNikolai Maksimovich (wayengummeli ngelo xesha isimboli esitsha). Ixabiso lale ntlanganiso alinakuphela. Ngaphandle kwengxoxo emfutshane, i-sogub eshiyekileyo yokufunda imibongo yasekuqaleni.
Omnye umcimbi obalulekileyo waloo nyaka yayivela kwimagazini "iVestnik yaseMantla", phezu kwendalo i-nikolai minsk, iZinaida Hipsius kunye nezinye izinto ezidumileyo zisebenza. Okwalo mzuzu, babenomdla wokukhangela umsebenzi weMiboniso yeMiboniso, "ekukhanyeni kwesazela ...".
Yayifanelekile njengoko ingenakuyila ngakumbi kumbhali oselula. Imisebenzi ye-oglogub yanceda ekuyileni kwemagazini, kwaye kwimbongi baba sisiqalo sokuqonda okuyinkoliseko. Okulandelayo, siqaphela imihla ebalulekileyo kwikamva lombhali, amabali awo akwazi ukuphazamisa iingqondo zento enye:
Ngo-1892, imbongi yayifudukela eSt. Petersburg. Waqhekeza kwimanyano yendalo enamaxesha athile anomnqweno onamandla wobuchule.
Ngo-1902 - umbhali ugqibezela umsebenzi kwinoveli eyaziwayo "i-DED yeDev." Ibalisa lemisebenzi ichitha imeko yothukile, njengoko isixelela malunga neengcinga neemvakalelo zotitshala odabisayo. Ngenxa yesi sihloko, iimpapasho ezithandwayo ziyala ukusebenza ukuze zipapashe.
Ngo-1905 okokuqala, ijenali enye ithatha ukupapashwa kwenoveli. Kodwa ngenxa yokuvalwa kwephephabhuku, amanqaku aphazanyiswa kwaye akafikeleli umfundi ngokupheleleyo.
Ngo-1907 - "Idemon encinci" iphuma ngefomathi epheleleyo. Ukusukela ngalo mzuzu, lo msebenzi waba ngoyena mntu uzifumeneyo noncwadi lwaseRussia.
Ngo-1908 -Cizekisa ngomsebenzi kunye nokutshata.
Ngo-1913-kunye nenkosikazi yakhe, baya ekutyeni kwamaphondo aseRashiya. Oku kunika amandla kwimpembelelo yokuyila.
Ngo-1918 - Uba ngusihlalo woManyano woNnoncwadi lweAbugcisa.
Umsebenzi weFyodor Solontu, i-prosaika kunye nembongi emntwini omnye, ngokungapheliyo kunye nobuninzi. Nangona kunjalo, ngokweegxeko, ubuchule buhambelana nofuziselo, inani elikhulu lemisebenzi ebhaliweyo ayihambelani kwisakhelo sale nkcazo.
Ekuqaleni kwendlela yokuyila, wayengumbongo kuphela kwaye wafumana ingqalelo kulo mbandela. Emva kwexesha, ukufunda kwiZiko, uzama ukudala imisebenzi yoncwadi, kodwa uhlala eza eludongeni lokungaqondi kunye nokungavunyelwa.
Ubomi Buqu
Utshatile uAnastasiya uChebotarev, eli qabane lincinci lalinokufumana amandla. Owona msebenzi uphambili wawubhalwa, wazuza ngeenguqulelo. Umtshato wonwabile kangangeminyaka eli-19, kude kube ngenye imini ukugula kwengqondo kwakukhula. Wazibulala. Umzimba wafunyanwa emva kweenyanga.
Ukufa kwentanda yakhe kunikezelwe kumbongo. Ngamaxesha onke kugxininisa i-doom kunye nengxolo yoxolo. Ke ngoko, imisebenzi izaliswe yintlekele kwaye ingenathemba.
Kwakungekho abantwana emtshatweni, kwaye ekubeni iSontur iguqukile ukuba ibe nguMonocoubs, wayephila ubomi bakhe bonke, njengomntu omncinci kwilizwe elidala.
Ukufa
Ngomhla wenguquko, umbhali ukhulisa eyakhe imagazini. Iintetho zigcinwe ngempumelelo kwizixeko zaseJamani naseFransi. Ukutshintsha kweli lizwe, wayengakulungelanga kwaye akazange athathe amandla amatsha. Wayezama ukufudukela, kodwa akaphumelelanga.
Ngo-1927, umbhali ngenkuthalo uqala ukusebenza kwinoveli entsha, ngokungalindelekanga, kwaye ngequbuliso uyafa-umcimbi wenzeka ePetrograd. Umzimba wangcatshwa nguMhlaba, umngcwabo wenzeka kumangcwaba e-smlelensk, ecaleni kwenkosikazi yakhe.
I-Bibliography
- I-1895 - "amaphupha anzima"
- Ngo-1905 - "Idemon encinci"
- Ngo-1907-1914 - "Legendry Legend"
- Ngo-1912 - "ukubila kwetyhefu"
- Ngo-1921 - "Udidi lwenyoka", "Ilizwi"
- Ngo-1922 - "Epoch"