Biography
Umbhali waseFransi uHenri arbus wazalwa, wayehlala kwaye esebenza kwi-Xix kwiinkulungwane ezininzi, ngexesha, ephawulwe nguMzi mveliso, ukuphakama okukhulu kwehlabathi.
Iziganeko eziKhulu zazibonakala emsebenzini: Ehlabathini lonke, wazisa inoveli yepecifir "umlilo", apho umbhali ephantse waphikisana nemfazwe, ebona iimfuno zeklasi yokulawula kuyo.
Ubuntwana noLutsha
U-Henri Barbus wazalwa nge-17 kaMeyi, i-1873 kwidolophu encinci yaseFransi ye-Annieres Sur-Sen. Utata wombhali wakwa-Adrian wakwa-Adrian Adrian-Frenchman, wasebenza njengentatheli, wabhala uphononongo lwephephandaba lephepha-ndaba "u-LISE SEBACLE" (" Umama-u-Anikian Anni Benson, wasweleka ngokuzalwa komntwana, xa inkwenkwe yayineminyaka emi-3 ubudala.
Umhlolokazi uthumela umntwana osandula ukuzalwa eNgilani kwi-england ukuya kwinkosikazi yakhe yomthonyama, kwaye yena nabantwana abadala - iLily kunye ne-henri - ihamba eParis. Apha inkwenkwe ingena kwiKholeji yaseRollen, apho wafunda khona ngo-1883 ukuya kwi-1890. Ke i-barbus yoncinci yenza isampulu yepeni. Ubuchule buphethe umfana, kwaye emva kwekholeji, ungena kwi-fart ye-fartbonne, efumana iimvavanyo zokuqala kwimibongo, ethatha inxaxheba kukhuphiswano lwezibonda.
Iincwadi kunye nontanzo
ESorbonne, uHenton wafumana imfundo eqaqambileyo, ngo-1894 wakhusela i-dissersophy. Kwaye kunyaka olandelayo, ingqokelela yemibongo yembongi yoncinci "(" Iziphuculo ") iphuma, eyaphumelela kwisangqa soncwadi, imibongo ifundwe kwiimagazini. Abapapashi abanomdla kwiBarbus.
Impumelelo yetyala le-poite liphefumlelwe ngumbhali kwiprosesi. Iisampuli eziqaqambileyo zobuchule bokuqala ziinoveli "zokuthandaza" (1903) kunye "nesihogo" (1908). Umsebenzi wokugqibela uphononongo oluhle lwabagxeki, kunye nemfuno yomfundi omkhulu. Umbhali ukhokelela ibali ukusuka ebusweni beParisi yaseParisi eselula, abajonga ubomi obufutshane ngelaphu le-ntlokole. Ekuvulekeni kwakhe esiphend 'inkqantosi, ulonwabo kunye nokubandezeleka, uthando kunye nesithukuthezi. I-Barbus okokuqala ichaze iimvakalelo zoluntu ngayo yonke imbonakalo.
"Ndandihlala ndinika ixabiso lezinto ezibonakalisayo. Kuphela yintliziyo, zonke izinto ziyathandabuza kwaye ziyakhula. Apha kuphela ubuntu bokwenyani bomntu wonke kuvunyiwe, "le yikowuteshini yombhali malunga nenoveli" yesihogo ".
Ngo-1914, uHenri Barbuse ukhulula ingqokelela yenoveli ", apho umfundi wazisa khona amabali abantu abaqhelekileyo, kodwa ingenisa kwakhona kwi-prism yeemvakalelo kunye neemvakalelo zabalinganiswa abaphambili, ukuba sisibini esikhulileyo ("Intsomi") okanye uMadam Louis utshatile eyokuqala ukuba uze emva kokumka kwentanda ("ikho").
Amabali e-Barbus funda uncwadi Paris, kwaye umbhali ngokwakhe sele edumile kangangokuba wakhululwa ukuba akhululwe emkhosini ukuya ekuqaleni kwemfazwe yehlabathi yokuqala. Nangona kunjalo, saya kwiVolontiya yangaphambili ngo-1914, nangona wayesesishumi seshumi lesihlanu. Umbhali wabhaliswa ngumgangatho wama-231th French Rifle.
Nangona kunjalo, kwaye apha, kumgca wangaphambili, ayihambelani nepensile kunye nephepha, ukubhala iiplani ezelwe entloko, imbali yamajoni amahle afayo emehlweni akhe. Kwaye iBarbus yayiqonda ngakumbi ukuba la maxhoba ayengekho egameni lehlabathi, kodwa ngenxa yemikhwa yobungxowankulu. Imfazwe encotsheni itshintshe iVidiyo yeHlabathi ye-Frenchman, kunye nemibono yotshintsho kunye nemigaqo kunye nemigaqo ikhula kwiintetho kunye neeleta zakhe.
Yonke le nto ayinakuchaphazela umsebenzi wombhali. Inoveli "umlilo" wabhalwa ngokoqobo phantsi kwengcambu yeCannanads ngengxelo yexesha elifutshane. Izahluko zokuqala eziprintiweyo kwindlu yokupapasha i-EDR, iBarbus ifundile, ilele esibhedlele. Kungekudala emva kokuba iSimo sempilo igxothiwe, sifanelwe ngumbuso omkhulu - umnqamlezo wasemkhosini ngenxa yokuba wanceda ekunyamezeleni abo banenjongo ukusuka kwidabi.
Ngelo xesha iMfazwe yahlala iingqondo zawo onke amacandelo oluntu, umlilo "waseRoma" wamkelwa njengeyona nto ifanelekileyo. Umbhali akazami ukufuduswa komkhosi, ngokuchasene noko, iinkcazo zayo zinokuthetha ukuba zizise igama elithi "zol tren." Umntu ude aqalise i-wave yokugxeka ngokugxeka isitayile sasimahla kunye nenyani yokuba le ncwadi izaliswe lijoni uJorgon.
"Umlilo" ungenise umntu oKhutshwe yiNdawo yeHlabathi kunye neBhasovSk Paice (iBhaso leBhaso loLwazi liphezulu laseFrance). Incwadi yatshintshelwa kwiilwimi ezininzi, kuquka neRussia, uguqulelo lwaluvaliwe kuphela eJamani kunye namazwe aseOstriya-eHungary.
Ngo-1917, uHenri Barbuse wayengomnye wabo wamkele uguquko eRussia. Ubuhlobo bakhe neli lizwe buza kuthwalwa bubomi bakhe bonke kunye nobuchule. Umfo waseFransi usondele kwimbono yobuKomanisi, ethi, njengoko wayekholwa, uya kuyikhulula ilizwe elikububi.
Inoveli entsha, ebhalwe ngo-1920, iBarbus ibizwa ngokuba 'ngcalu ". Kulo msebenzi, umbhali ubonakalisa umzekelo weqhawe lakhe uSimona, indlela yokuphinda iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iconjululwe imvumelwano kunye nolungelelwaniso kwinguqu.
Ngo-1923, umbhali ungena kwizikhundla zeqela lamaFrentshi eFransi, iba ngumsunguli we-clot anti kunye nomhleli wegama elinye igama kunye nomntu osebenza naye - uRomer Romenn.
Ukususela ngoku, iBarbus ihlawula ixesha elininzi kumsebenzi woluntu: Iintloko IKomiti yeHlabathi yeMfazwe yeMfazwe kunye neBuscism, ithatha inxaxheba ekubhaleni impahla yokulwa iMfazwe yeHlabathi.
Ngo-1924, i-bibriography kaHenri Barbus igcwalisa amakhonkco "asebenza ngayo", umsebenzi omkhulu, apho umbhali ubonakala ethatha umfundi kulo lonke uluntu lwembali kulo lonke ixesha lembali yoluntu: Iicawa, inkululeko, isimilo kwaye ekugqibeleni, ngokufika kwe-Xix inkulungwane - Inkqubo yeBourgeois.
I-Barbus yafika kwi-USSR ngo-1927, yahlangatyezwa eStalin, emva koko waqalisa ukusebenza kwi-biography yenkokeli. Kunyaka olandelayo, umbhali upapasha abaqokeleli be-2 - "iingozi" kunye "namabali anyanisekileyo". Kule misebenzi kwakhona ifumana ibhaso le-gonorovsky.
Ekupheleni kobomi, umbhali ubhenela kwakhona kuhlobo lwe-lyrical yenoveli. Ngo-1935, enye yemisebenzi yakhe yokugqibela yapapashwa - ibali elichukumisayo "inesisa". Kwicebo lendoda edlulileyo kwiminyaka engama-20 ubudala lishiya intanda yentando yabazali bakhe. Intombazana ayizange iphile, ishiye iileta aza kuyifumana kwiminyaka emininzi kamva. Umdlalo ongafiyo useyimpumelelo kwimifanekiso emininzi yehlabathi.
Ngomnyaka wokusweleka kombhali, incwadi "stalin. Umntu otyhidiweyo kwihlabathi elitsha, "owawuzisa umhlaba umfanekiso weNkokeli yeSoviet.
Ubomi Buqu
Kwibhayiloji yombhali kukho iinkcukacha ezimbalwa kubomi bakho. Ngo-1898, watshata no-Elion Mendez - intombi yembongi edumileyo nombhali wexesha likaKatulime Mendez kunye nomqambi uAugustus Holmes.
Ubudlelwane kwisibini sihambelana. UBarbus wabhala umfazi wakhe phantse yonke imihla ukusuka ngaphambili kwiileta ezithethwazisi. Babengenabo abantwana.
Ukufa
U-Hori Barbuse wangena nge-30 ka-Agasti, ngo-1935 eMoscow evela kwinyumonia. Kwikomkhulu le-USSR, wafika, sele egula kakhulu, ukuba athathe inxaxheba kwinkomfa kwaye asebenze kwiimpapasho ezintsha (ngokweenguqulelo ezitsha, wasebenza kwi-biography yeLenin, kwenye-yabhala ubomi boBukunye ye-stalin).
Umbhali wangcwatyelwa kumangcwaba "ngeLashhez" eParis. Cinga ngombhali oyokugqibela ufike kwikomkhulu le-Frentshi. Engcwabeni, isikhumbuzo esivela kwi-Pink Marble (Rhodona) esithunyelwe eRussia sasungulwa.
I-Bibliography
- Ngo-1903 - "Ukuthandaza"
- Ngo-1908 - "Isihogo"
- Ngo-1914 - "thina"
- Ngo-1916 - "umlilo"
- Ngo-1920 - "Ukucaca"
- Ngo-1924 - "Amakhonkco"
- Ngo-1928 - "Iziganeko"
- Ngo-1928 - "Amabali Ayinyanisekanga"
- Ngo-1935 - "Isisa"