I-Pablo Irhuluna - Ifoto, Biography, Ubomi bobuqu, uMbongo, imibongo

Biography

IPoet yaseChile yaseChile yaseChile yaseChile yaseChile yaseChile yaseChiledo nouda yaya yaziwa xa wayeneminyaka eli-13 ubudala. Kumashumi eminyaka, inkosi yedini le-American yaseMzantsi Merika yabhala imibongo ye-surreaties, imibongo yezopolitiko, i-sonnets, kunye ne-TOBEAM PAYEY MANGE, i-NOBEAM MANKRE NORKNER I-Hemingay. Nangona kunjalo, inxalenye ebalulekileyo yobomi buka-Erusa yayingachithwanga kuncwadi, kodwa ezopolitiko.

Ubuntwana noLutsha

UPablo Eruda yindlela yokuyila, eyaba ligama laseburhulumenteni lembongi kuphela nge-1920s. Abazali, oololiwe osebenza nguloliwe uJosé Delmen Reyes kunye notitshala wesikolo uRosa NetAlto Opazo, uRical Dentuli Reyes Basbate. Wazalwa ngoJulayi 12, 1904 kwisixeko saseChile yasePararal.

Imigca kwimifanekiso ye-Getty

Umama uPablo wasweleka kwiinyanga ezi-2 emva kokuzala, unobangela wokufa sisifo sephepha. Ngokukhawuleza emva kokusweleka komfazi wakhe, amaMorales wayetshatile noTrinidad Kandia Malrede - umfazi ongu-1895 wamnika unyana kaRodolfo Da Rosa. Inkampani i-Pablo kunye neRodolfo yayiyi-laura hemitia-intombi yase-Extramarial Parales kunye ne-Aurelia ethile yehlokondiba. Iintsapho eziqokelelwe kwiindawo zazihlala eTemo.

Imibongo yokuqala ye-noruda yabhala ngo-1914. Utata kabukhali wambeka kabukhali unyana wakhe. Kwinkwenkwana, uGetess Gabral wangena kwi-Nobel Paunin yoncwadi lwe-Nobel Pase, kwaye ngaloo mihla, umlawuli wesikolo apho uPablo wafunda khona. Ngeendlela ezininzi, ndiyambulela nge-18 kaJulayi ngo-1917, ukukhanya kwabona isincoko se-tyut so "inzondelelo".

Indalo

Ukususela ngo-1918, imbongi encinci yaseChile yaseChile iprintwe kwi-purukenels phantsi kwePleudugoes yeOli yeoyile, kwaye nge-1920s ifumene igama elaziwa namhlanje - i-pablo neuda. Ababhali-mbali bacacisa ukhetho lwegama lomfana ongumfana nombhali waseCzech Jan Souda, kwaye umnqweno wokuphefumla kukaBawo.

Ngo-1923, wakhulula ingqokelela yokuqala 'yentlanganiso yokuqala ", yaye unyaka kamva, umhlaba wabona owona msebenzi udumileyo wembongi -" imibongo engamashumi amabini yothando kunye neengoma ezihlaselweyo.

Kwiminyaka engama-20, uPablo Souda waba yimbongi eyaziwayo, kodwa imeko yakhe yezemali ishiye kakhulu ukuba inqweneleka. Ingqokelela "yokuzama umntu ongapheliyo" kunye neRoma "kwaye ithemba lakhe" alizange lincedise eChileya ukuba aphume ngenxa yentlupheko. I-Deire yeNtlalontle yeyona nto iphambili ukuba kutheni le nxalenye ibalulekileyo yebhayiloji yase-Eruda inxulunyaniswa nezopolitiko, hayi ngobuchule.

Umsebenzi wezopolitiko

Ngo-1927, eNeuda waba ngumnxibelelanisi waseBurma. Emva kokuba ebuye eChile, eNeuda ebambe izikhundla eziphakamileyo ze-argentina naseSpain, apho waba ngabahlobo kunye noFrederico Gartia Lorca. Ngo-1940-1943, eNeuda wayekhonza njengonozakwa-thuls ukuya kwisiXeko saseMexico. Esi sithuba samnceda ukuba enze inqwelo-moya yaseMexico Dosé David Alfairo smfairos, otyholwa ngokuzama ukutshintsha kukaLeo Trotsky.

I-Pablo Neuda isayina incwadi yakhe yelayibrari yase-US yeCongress yase-US

Kwiminyaka yeMfazwe yesibini yeHlabathi, i-noruda ifumene ithuba lamaqhawe omkhosi obomvu, "ingoma yothando olutsha lwe-Itlingrad" (1943) zinikezelwe koku. Kwaye ngokubanzi, imbongi, abantu abaninzi ababephila ngexesha, abancome iSoviet Union, ngakumbi uJoseph Stalin.

Kwiminyaka elandelayo, eNeudada eChile, waya eYurophu, watyelela eIndiya, China, eSri Lanka, eSoviet Union. Kwii-TRIPS zazalwa ziyingqokelela "imibongo yomphathi" (1952), umbongo "ubusuku besi siqithi", "ode ihlobo" lasehlotyeni ".

Ngo-1970, eNeudada wabhengezwa njengomgqatswa wobongameli baseChile. Esi sithuba asizange sitsale imbongi, kwaye waphulukana nentliziyo ekhanyayo. Umlawuli omtsha wacebisa iposti yangaphambili yomchasi eFransi, awayeqhuba ukuya kuthi ga ngo-1972. Esi sisithuba sokugqibela se-neruda.

Ngo-1971, eNeruda wanikwa ibhaso le-Nobel loncwadi "ngemibongo, enomkhosi wemvelo owoyikekayo womphefumlo kunye nekamva yelizwe lonke." Ukukhetha kwakungekho lula: Ijary yakukhumbula indlela imbongi ixhasa ngayo i-stalinists.

Ubomi Buqu

Ngo-1928, kwisiqithi saseIndonesia, uJava Pauda udibene neDatshi marius Antonis chagenar chagenar rigenath, emva kweenyanga ezi-2 esitshatileyo. Ngo-1934, babene-gant fan fanrinarinad trididad debmen reyes. Umntwana wabandezeleka kwi-hydrocefa. U-Eruuda wala ukuzibiza ngokuba nguyise womntwana ogulayo, kwaye ngo-1936 amaqabane aqhawule umtshato. UMarika wazama ukufumana umsebenzi wokukhulisa umntwana ngokwaneleyo. Ngenxa yoko, iMalva yayizimisele kusapho olungekhulisa, apho wasweleka khona ngo-1942.Imigca kwimifanekiso ye-Getty

I-PAPARIA ESTARANA, iArgentink yeDelia del Delrill, yayineminyaka engama-20 kunentanda. Esi sibini satshata ekuqaleni kweminyaka yee-1940. Iqabane lilandele ngokwenene imbongi ekuthinjweni.

Ekupheleni kuka-1949, eNeudu Deffd kwiPhuphubibis. Ukumnyamekela imvumi yaseChile yaseChile yaseChile yaseChile yaseChile yaseChiline. Phakathi kwazo inoveli yese. Le ntombazana yafudukela kwimbongi kwilizwe, iye kweli lizwe, yasebenza njengemyuziyano yokubhala "i-Seaseyini." Ubomi babo obufihlakeleyo bakhokelela kwinto yokuba ngo-1953 ifayilishwe i-carrill yoqhawulo mtshato. U-Uritia waba ngu-wirida yokugqibela yeNiruda.

Ukufa

NgoSeptemba 1973, i-coup yasemkhosini yenzeka eChile, ngenxa yokuba yeyiphi i-augusto pinochet yeza emandleni. Kwangelo xesha, kwaziwa ukuba uNeuda wayegula: wafunyaniswa ene-prostate umhlaza. NgoSeptemba 23, 1973, imbongi yafa esibhedlele eSantiago ekusileleni kwentliziyo. Nangona kunjalo, kukho uhlobo oluthile ngokwemibongi yeChilean obulale abaxhasi bePinochet.

NgoMeyi ka-2011, iMagazini yaseMexico yapapasha udliwanondlebe nomqhubi wangaphambili wase-Eruuda Manuray, otyhila ukuya kwincoko yomnxeba ngentloko nenkosikazi yakhe i-URITIA. AmaKomanisi aphikisa ukuba ugqirha wambulala kwimiyalelo yePinochet kwaye wayenenze inaliti esiswini. I-noruda iswelekile 6.5 iiyure emva komnxeba.

Ngo-2013, isidumbu somzimba we-Erusa sabanjwa sicacisa oonobangela bokufa. Ngokwengxelo esemthethweni yeCandelo leMicimbi yeMicimbi yezangaphakathi eChile, epapashwe ngoMatshi ngo-2015, imbongi "inokuba ityhefu yityhefu yemvelaphi engaziwayo."

Iikowuti

"Ndifuna ukudala kunye nentwasahlobo enezixhobo zasendle ehlathini."
"Ke, inokubonwa, iya kuba kude kube sekuphelisweni kobomi bam. Isinye isiphambuka, esinye sazolula iintyatyambo zeentyatyambo, ukuze ndingabukhumbuli ububi.
"Ndingafumana phi ukuze ndingazifumani?".
"Ngokunyaniseka, nawuphi na umbhali weplanethi yethu, ebizwa ngokuba ngumhlaba, angathanda ukufumana amabhaso ka-Nobel ibhaso, nalowo uyikhanyele ngayo."

I-Bibliography

Ngo-1922 - "Ingqokelela yeLanga"
Ngo-1924 - "Imibongo yothando engamashumi amabini kunye nembonakalo enye yokuphelelwa lithemba"
Ngo-1926 - "Umlimi kunye nethemba lakhe"
Ngo-1933, ngo-1935 - "Izibonelelo - Umhlaba"
Ngo-1937 - "Spain entliziyweni"
Ngo-1943 - "Ingoma entsha yoThando kwiNqaku"
Ngo-1947 - "indawo yokuhlala yesithathu"
Ngo-1950 - "Ingoma yeHlabathi"
Ngo-1952 - "I-PAPAPENIT PARD"
Ngo-1959 - "ikhulu lamanzi othando"
Ngo-1960 - "Ingoma Yobuqhawe"
Ngo-1962 - "ummeli we-plenipotine"
Ngo-1972 - "IJografi yeGeriyo"
Ngo-1973 - "Ulwandle kunye neentsimbi"