Biography
Bato rakanakisa nemutorwa. Mwanakomana akatendeka wevanhu vake. Patriot uye Internationalist. Vamiriri vechizvarwa chekare vanoyeukwa zvakanaka, kuti vanga vanorwadziswa navo vanotsvaga mazwi akakwirira akadaro. Vazhinji vanhu vakafunga kudaro, uye hazvina kumanikidzwa, asi kubva pamoyo wakachena. Izvi zvichiri kure zvakanyanya muVietnam kumusoro wavo wekutanga weHo chi mini. Kwemazuva okuongororwa kwemunhu uyu, vakachinja kubva muhumwari kusvika kune spy, asi zvakaoma kuramba kuti Ho chi Mhinizi iri mutambi wezvematongerwo enyika wezana ramakumi maviri.Hudu uye Vechidiki
Iyo biography yemutungamiriri wesununguko yeVietnam yakatanga muna Chivabvu 1890 mumusha weTua (yerimwe ruzivo - mumusha weKim Lietnam. Mushure mekuzvarwa, vabereki vakapofumadzwa nemwanakomana vaNguyen Busin kung. Ho Chi Min ndeimwe yeiyo pseaudodhings iyo yakashandiswa gare gare. Baba vaNguyen Shin Shak vakaunza vana vatatu (Busin Kung vaive nehama nehanzvadzi), amai thi chikwereti chemurume, vakafa mwana wechina. Mhuri yacho yaionekwa seupfumi hwepakati, uye mamiriro ekunze ari mumba akatonga kusununguka.
Sezvo mumatunhu eAsia, mazita aya haasi Ababy sezvazviri, asi zvichireva, kusvika pazera revanhu, murume wechidiki akatora zita reNguyen tat kupfuura, zvinoreva kuti "kukunda". Kutenda kuna Baba vaishanda kudare raMambo, jaya racho rakanga richimirira tarisiro yakanaka.
Kwenguva yakati, Nguyen yakaitirwa kukoreji yenyika muguta reHue, vakashanda semudzidzisi weFrench neVietnamese. Asi kubva pazera rekutanga, zano rekusunungurwa kubva kuFrance kutonga kwakarimwa mariri (kubva kuhafu yechipiri yezana ramakore rechi19, Vietnam vakawana yakavanzika yakavanzika pakati pemasero ekuramba izvo zvakatanga kuoneka.
Muna 1911, murume wechidiki akagara pamusoro pechikepe chekutevera nemukuru wechikepe uye akaenda kuEurope. Amailand vakaona ho chi mini mushure memakore makumi matatu. Pakati peino nguva, ndakashanyira France, China, USA, UK, Italy uye, chokwadi, iyo USSR. Akamira pamashizha eCommunist Party yeFrance uye Intercokolonial Union. Vakatora chikamu mune zviitiko zvemubatanidzwa.
Mushure mekushanyira Soviet Union, pakupedzisira azara nepfungwa dzechiKomonisiti, iye akadzidziswa muUniverisiti weCommunist weVashandi veMabvazuva. Ho chi Min kazhinji akauya kune iyo USSR seMusoro weVietnam, akagamuchira kurongeka kweLenin. Zvematongerwo enyika akataura nekusimbisa uye kukura hukama pakati pevanhu vaviri vepasi.
Zvematongerwo enyika uye Simba
Sezvinoratidzwa nezvematongerwo enyika yeVao takatanga kuzviratidza muna1919, paakataura nezve gadziriro yekuzvimiririra kuvanhu veIndochina. MuFrance, vakanyora zvinyorwa pasi pezita reNGEENI AI KOQU, rakanyorwa mune mauto eFrance akasara, vakapinda mumisangano nemisangano. Kuva kutama, United 3 masangano akapararira uye akaumba mabato eVietnamle Communist, iyo yakazokura muchiitiko cheCommunist yeInfochina.
Mumakumi maviri aakashanda kuSoviet consurate muChinese canton. Pasi peiyo pseudominm, ingave yekukanganwa panguva ino yakatanga kubatana kweiyo shanduko yeVietnam nekomiti yekudzidziswa kwezvematongerwo enyika. Kuvanda kubva kusungwa kuCambodia, Hong Kong, Siam. Panguva iyoyo, yakatora zita rakakurumbira - Ho chi minh (enlightener).
Shanda muMisangano muna 1934-193838 uye kudzidza kuMoscow kuti vakanyanya kujekeswa kukwirira kweHosch mini semutungamiri, vangangoita kumusoro kweCommunist Bato rakasungwa. Mune makumi mana Izvo zvakava pachena kuti kuedzazve kusunungurwa kwevanhu kusunungurwa hakugone kuda chero munhu senge ho m minh.
Mumatunhu kuchamhembe kweVietnam, makosi ezvematongerwo enyika kuti vatungamire vechiitiko chePartisan uye uko magwaro uye zvigadzirwa zveCommunist Communist Union zvakadzidzwa. Kuti uvhenekerwa kwevanhu vari nyore, madhiri evarayiridzi uyo akaitisa tsananguro tsananguro yekuda kumuka kwagadzirwa. Muna 1942, bepanhau "mureza wekusunungurwa" rakatanga kuburitsa - muviri wekomiti yepakati reCPik.
Pakati pehondo yechipiri yechipiri nehondo yechiJapan, yakagadzika chibvumirano chekurwa kwerusununguko rweVietmin. League kwenguva yakati wandei inotsigirwa nehukama nehurumende yeRomintan uye American Special Services. Mushure mekusururudza kweJapan uye kudzoreredzwa kwehumambo vietnam bao, vakapa simba kubva kuushe kuVietmin, uye Ho Shi Shi Min yakava musoro weHurumende yeDemocratic Republic Vietnam.
Pasi pehutungamiriri hwake, nyika yachinja: Mutero wakakwira wakadzimwa, Mutemo wepasirese wakaunzwa, matare evanhu akagadzirwa - prototypes yehurumende yemuno. Kune rimwe divi, dzidziso yeHo Chi Mina yaive mutongi wechiKomonisiti "nechiso cheAsia", nekuvapo kwevashandi vezvevashandi, kurangwa kwakaoma, kutonga kwakazara kwevagari. CPIM yakashanduka kuita munhare huru yeiyo Nyowani Nyowani.
Izvo hazvina kudikanwa pasina kushanda (dzimwe nguva muviri) kubvisa makwikwi ezvematongerwo enyika, kurwa ne "vatengesi" uye "kuchenesa" mitsara yemapato. Kubva kuma1950s, vanopa mazano eChinese vakaoneka munyika nemhedzisiro yese inotevera. Pashure pacho, kudzvinyirirwa uye hutsinye kwakabudirira kuendeswa kuhutongi hwevanhu veFrance.
Pasinei nekuedza kwemanheru kweHo Chi Minh, mauto ekumwekumanheru akasara munharaunda yeVietnam. Masimba ekunze haana kuda kusangana neFrance uye kugadzirisa nyaya yekusunungurwa kwakazara kwekoroni yake. Kusiyana neizvozvo, America neEngland vakabatsira mari yeFrance yemauto, maitiro, murairidzi vemauto.
Ho chi Min akakumbira rubatsiro kubva kuSoviet Union uye China uye akaigamuchira, uye izvi zviri kuitika kuti nyika idzi dzaive husiri hwehukama. Munyika kurwisa mauto eFrench, mashandiro ehondo anoshanda eVietnamese, anozivikanwa munhoroondo anonzi Hondo yekutanga indochinese yakavezwa.
Hondo yakapera muna 1954, France yakaziva kukundwa kwayo uye rusununguko rweVietnam. Asi iyo nyika yakatanga kuita zvikamu zviviri. Nornorth musoro wakananga Ho chi Minh, uye iyo South-South-South-South-South-South-South-South Africa yeUS Policy NGO Din Zy.
Nzvimbo yemutungamiri wenyika yeNorthern Vietnam Ho yaive iri kusvika 1955, gore rino rakava Mutungamiri weNorthern Vietnam. Nguva yese iyi, akapa rutsigiro rwakasiyana rwemaodzanyemba vietnamese yenyika liberation pamberi. Uye muna 1960 iye aivewo akasarudzwawo sachigaro wedare repakati rePTV.
MaSouthern Vietnam mafambiro aisada kutsungirira nehurumende yechipfuva uye akaenda kusango. North haina kuramba ichiona zvisina hanya uye yakatanga kuvakwa kwenzira dzekutaurirana, dzakaramba kuramba kuramba. Network hombe yeiyi nzira dzakadzika dzakadzika midzi, mabhiriji, zita re "Ho Chi Mina" Trail rakanzi.
Muna 1961, nzira yakaparadzana yekuendesa yakavhurwa, inonzi iyo chi mine mine mugungwa. Kwaari akasika tsikwe imwe. Pakupedzisira, "nzira" yakava imwe yemakiyi ekukunda kwevarwi veVietnamese muhondo yakasungirirwa makore makumi maviri.
Kubva 1965, mushure mekusanganisira kusanganisa kweUnited States kuchikwingwa uye kusunungurwa kwehondo yechipiri Indochinese (inozivikanwa sehondo muVietnam), Ho Chi Minh akaramba kutaurirana chero mumamiriro akadaro. Akava munhu wokurwira kwenyika dzeColonial kuti uzvisarudze, iyo nyika yakasarudzika yekufamba kwezana ramakumi maviri.
Hupenyu Hwako
Mukutonga kweruzivo, Ho Chi Minh vakaroora Zimen ZENZZEN XUEMIN (muVietnamese tang ming tang mil), china neiyo nyika. Vaviri vacho vakaputsa apo iyo shanduko iyo yaifanira kutiza kubva kuChina, vakahwanda kubva kuhutongi hwaChan Kaisthi. Nekudaro, kuvapo kwemukadzi uyu kunorambidzwa neVietnamese zviremera, muchishuvo chekuchengetedza ngano pamusoro pekuzvipira kwakazara kwevatungamiri vevanhu vekuchinja kwacho.
Vanhu vanokudza Ho Chi Mina kune zvinoshamisa zvine mwero. Kuve musimba, mutungamiri wenyika haana kupa pfuma, asina kufanotengeserana akaramba ari chikafu uye zvipfeko. Kuramba kumuzinda wemuzamubati ane chikwereti semusoro wenyika, Ho Chi Min vakagadzira imba yake pamapirita ake shure kwake. Kana iwe ukatonga iyo foto, ugaro hwaive hust. Imba inopinda muzvinyorwa zvechikepe cheMausoleum.
Mutungamiri wekutanga wekuchamhembe Vietnam yeiyo bhuku rekunyora raive risinganyorerwe. Ndichiri mujeri reChinese, kwaakange ari pamhosva dzeEspionage muna 1942, akanyora nhetembo yekutenderera "Dhijimi Dhizi". Izvo zvinosanganisira nhepfenyuro zana. Mune nyaya, zvinyorwa zveHo chi mini chakafukidza nyaya dzevashandi uye national liberation Movement, iyo Vietnamese Revolution, kusonganira kwenyika uye kuvakwa kwenzanga yemagariro.
Rufu
Chibvumirano pane kubviswa kwemauto kubva kuVietnam yakasainwa muParis muna 1973. Ho shea mini haana kuitika kuti aone michero yekurwa kunetsa. Mutungamiriri weVietnamE Revolution munaGunyana 1969 akafa. Nezve Rufu rwake rwakataurwa pazuva rinotevera chete, kuti tirege kufukidza iyo nyika yeNyika - Zuva Rekuzvimirira. Muviri wacho waiva nehanya nerubatsiro rwehunyanzvi hweSoviet uye nzira dzese dzakaedza kudzivirira kusvika kumagumo ehondo.
Haana kuzadzisa kuda kwake kwekupedzisira nezve mariro mwero: Mutungamiriri anozorora mune guva rakakura muBadinn Square muHanoi. Iyi mausoleum ndiyo imwe yenzvimbo dzakanyanya kushanyirwa muVietnam.
Ndangariro
- Kubva 1969, zita rekuti Ho chi Mina vanopfeka nzvimbo muMoscow. Muna 1990, chifananidzo kune Ho chi mine akaiswa ipapo.
- Muzana ramakore 1976 yeguta reSouth Vietnam - Saigon - akagamuchira zita idzva - Ho chi minh.
- Muna 1979, kuvhurwa kweMuseum of the Museum yeVietnamese Communist Museum yeCommeum yakaitika muHo Chi Chi Minh Guta.
- Zvivakwa zvinoiswa muUlyanovsk, St. Petersburg, Buenos Aires, Giruva reChirangaridzo muVladivostok.
- Mufananidzo wemusoro weRepublic unoratidzwa muVietnamese Banknotes.
- Zita remukuru weVietnamese rakapihwa Steamat of Frouth Marine Marumine Shipping Company uye Magetsi Locom Offer Railway Railway.
- Mifananidzo yakawanda yeVose Ho Mina uye inokwezva kuti zita rake rinopihwa riri mukuvhurika kweInternet.