Biography
Antonin Dvorak - Czech Commer, ane manyoro anoreva rudo rwemhando. Muzvisikwa zvake, munyori akasanganisira classic leitmotifs uye echinyakare zvakasiyana mimhanzi yenyika. Vatsoropodzi uye vateereri vaikoshesa huchenjeri hweMestro uye runako rwakasiyana rwevanhurume vakasikwa naye. Nhaka yekugadzira yechiimbi inosanganisira Waltza, maEloser, ma-makomendi, makomisheni, kuremekedza uye etudes.Hudu uye Vechidiki
Anton Leopold Dvorak akaoneka musi waSeptember 8, 1841 mumusha uri padyo neimba yeNhau Nelages mumhuri yebhavhu. Nenyika, vabereki vake vaive Czech. Mhuri yakakosheswa zvakanyanya tsika dzenyika yavo yekwavo. Baba vake vakachengeta nguva yekutandarira, basa raakakwanisa kusanganisa nebasa guru. Munguva dzekuvaraidza, aifarira kutamba The Citra. Saka Antonin akasangana nemumhanzi.
Munhu mukuru, mukomana akawana basa revakuru, akabatsira mukuvandudzwa kweimwe mhuri, asi moyo wake waifarira rwiyo. Pamakore matanhatu, vabereki vaizivisa mwanakomana kuchikoro. Mukuwedzera kune mavara uye kuverenga, akadzidziswa uye mumhanzi ASam. Mudzidzisi wekutanga wemukomana akava Joseph Spitz, gurukota reChechi. Antonlis akasarudza chishandiso chekutanga vielin uye mushure memakore maviri atove nevanovaraidzwa nevashanyi vevashanyi vababa vababa vekurinda maresitorendi. Dvorak zvakare yakashanda pamabasa muchechi.
Aine makore 9, akapedza kudzidza kuchikoro uye akatumirwa kuguta reZlonens. Pano Antonin aizodzidza kubhururuka. Mukomana akararama pa Uncle, uyo akatsanangura muzukuru wekuchikoro nekudzidza kweGerman. Kantor Antonin Lehman aive mudzidzisi wekirasi. Akaona kugona kwekusika kwemuvechidiki uye akatanga kumupa izvo zvidzidzo zvekuridza piyano uye nhengo.
Mudiki DVorak akasanganisira basa rakaoma pane akaurayiwa nemakirasi ekukurudzira uye muna 1856 akagamuchira gwaro kuti ashande sepakungwa. Pakasvika nguva, mhuri yake yese yakatamira kuZloni, uye baba vake vakasarudza kutumira mwanakomana wavo kuti vadzidze kuCzech Kamatets. Mushure meizvozvo, Antonin akazova mudzidzi wechikoro cherudzi muPrague.
Zvekutanga zvekutanga zviroto zvejaya rakabatana nebasa rezvipenyu muchechi. Zvishoma nezvishoma, akazivikanwa nemabasa evainyora uye akanzwa zvakanyanya uye akawedzera maari pachavo kuti agadzire zvinhu zvakakosha. Sezvo akadzidza kuwirirana, kuvaka fungues uye prelude, kuverenga, muimbi anodzora hunyanzvi hwemutambo pamitambo.
Mumhanzi
Kana wapedza kudzidziswa kuchikoro, dervarak inogona kuve yemaruwa, asi yakaramba iri muPrague. Kubva 1850, akashanda seyekuenda kuKarete Karelie Komzak, uye na 1862 akazova muimbi we "nguva yechinguvana" Orchestra. Pakasvika 1866, chitsauko chake chaive mubereki akadzingwa. Muumbi akaitira mabasa eFerenz Leaf, Hector Berliz, Richard Wagner, Mikhail Glinka.
Kutendeuka kwakakomberedza pfungwa ye opera, iyo DVorak Akasiya kubva kuOrchestra. Iye wekutanga we "mambo" akamirirwa kwenguva refu "akaitika muna 1874. Iyo opera yakazobudirira kubudirira, uye, yakafuridzirwa nekubudirira, iyo Dvorak yakatanga kunyora nebasa rakakura rakaoma. Opera "Wanda", "akasindimara", "sly peasant", uye mabasa echiratidziro chidiki, kusanganisira "Duets" moravian "akaoneka. Pashure pacho, chisikwa chakakoshesa kwazvo naJohannes brahms.
Pasinei nekumuka kwekugadzira, iyi nguva Biography yeDViraik yakanga isiri nyore. Vana vake vatatu vakafa, izvo zvakakanganisa kugona. Munyori akatsungirira kushungurudzika, kusuwa uye kusuwa, uyo akasangana nekuda kwekurasikirwa. 1978 chete 1878 aikwanisa kurarama nekurasikirwa kwakanyanya. Mukadzi akamupa mwanasikana, uye chiitiko chinofadza chakaita kuti muimbi nenzira yakanaka.
Music muparidzi Fritz Winner akaraira iyo yakatsemuka muunganidzwa wemitambo ye "Slavic kutamba". Chibereko chake chakamanidzirwa nekushingairira kwekutsoropodza kwevatsoropodzi. VaMelomania vakatenga manotsi, uye vanobva kuvaparidzi vakaramba kuyerera kwemirairo. Antonin akabvunzwa. MuPrayer bepanhau, kushandurwa kwerugwaro rwechinyorwa chekufambisa kweGerman vakatsoropodza, uye nhamba yakakura yevashanyi yakaungana kuDViraik kongiri. Kubudirira kwaive kuita shungu.
Antonina Dvorakik akasarudzwa nenhengo yekirabhu yehuwandu hwekusika "Cleverkaya hurukuro," uye akananga kutungamira kwemimhanzi. Saka muimbi wacho akatanga kuita semumushe wekutonga mumakwikwi emimhanzi. Kuzivikanwa kwake kwave kushamisa. Hapana kongiri yakaita pasina kuzadzikiswa kwemabasa ake, asi nekuda kwezvisikwa zvemunyori ivo vakapihwa mari mikuru.
Muna 1884, akagamuchira kokero kuUK, kwaakabvumwawo neushamwari. Rwendo, Antonin akasangana naPeter Tchikovsky uye mushure mekunge England yakashanyira Russia ine nzendo. Chivanze chakatotsamwa pano.
Muna 1901, iyo yekutanga yeiyo yakakurumbira opera "Mermaid" yakaitika, yakayeuchidzwa nezve tarenda rakakura reMunyori. Pakati pemabasa ekupedzisira eDVARIIK, yakanyorwa rufu rurefu, yaive "Armid", iyo iyo munyori wapedza muna 1904.
Hupenyu Hwako
Muna 1873, Antonin DVarak akaroora. Mwanasikana wake aive mwanasikana wake Jeweler anna Chermakova. Hupenyu hwomunhu ovheice yemuchindiridzi hwaive hwakakwana, asi chinzvimbo chezvemunhu chevakadzi chaicho chakabvunzwa. Vana vakakurumidza kuoneka mumhuri. Kuti vave nechokwadi chekuti, iyo DVorak yakashanda sechiitiko muChechi yeSt. Loetha.
Mari yacho yaishaiwa, uye mutambi akaisa kutya kwekufunda kwehuwandu husina kunaka. Commission yakaunganidzwa yekufunga kwekukumbira yaive brehms. Kuti usimbise zviitiko zvekugadzira zveDvarak, akaratidza kune vatongi ve3 uye 4th symphony.
Iyo komisheni yakatendera gadziriro yezvakanakira. Akapihwa muimbi wemakore mashanu. Rubatsiro rwemari rwaive nenzira chaiyo munguva yakaoma, apo vana vadiki venguva yavakaroora vakafa.
Rufu
Antonin Dvarak akafa muna Chivabvu 1, 1904. Chikonzero cherufu chaive chigaro muuropi. Guva rake rinowanikwa muPrague pane iyo Vigisad cemetery. Zvakare muguta racho pane museum rakatsaurirwa kuhupenyu hweMunyori.Nhasi, zita rake rinorangarirwa nevanhu vane dzidzo yemimhanzi, asi murume aive asingawanzo mumugwagwa anoyeuka kudaro Noborik, anoteerera kune "vanyori vasina" ". Zvakangodaro, mupiro wemuimbi mune nhaka yezuva rakakosha. Mufananidzo wake unoiswa mumabhuku akasiyana-siyana ane hunyanzvi uye zvinyorwa ..
Mushandi anoshanda
- 1870 - "Alfred"
- 1871 - "Mambo naCoil"
- 1874 - "Kusindimara"
- 1875 - "Wanda"
- 1877 - "Sly Peasant"
- 1886 - Oratia "Saint Lyudmila"
- 1890 - "Chidiwa"
- 1900 - "Mermaid"
- 1904 - "Armid"