Ubuzima
Christopher Tolkien yari umuhungu w'umwanditsi uzwi John Tolkien, wanditse igitabo "Hobbit, cyangwa inyuma" na trilogy "Umwami w'impeta". Umuhanga mu by'indimi, umwanditsi n'umwarimu wa kaminuza kandi yishora mu bitabo kandi akora ku mirimo, batagize umwanya wo gutangaza Data uzwi.Mu bwana n'urubyiruko
Christopher John Koel Tolkien yavukiye mu Bwongereza maze aba umuhungu wa 3 w'umuseri w'umusego n'umugore we Edith Bratt. Guhuza ku ya 21 Ugushyingo 1924, umwana yakuriye ari kumwe n'abavandimwe, atazi ubwana bwo kwamburwa n'ingorane.
Nyuma y'abaragwa bakuru, John na Mikayeli, umwana yagiye ku ishuri i Oxford, hanyuma yinjira muri kaminuza y'abavuga ko ari aya mavuko, yahagarariye ishuri gatolika. Agezeyo, yageze ku ntsinzi mu rwego rw'ubuvanganzo n'ubuhanzi kandi ndashimira impano karemano yabaye nyiri ibihembo byinshi.
Mu Ntambara ya Kabiri y'Isi Yose, Christopher, akurikiza urugero rw'umubyeyi uzwi, yinjiye mu ngabo z'umwami mu gice cy'ingabo zirwanira mu kirere. Yatsinze amasomo y'abaderevu maze aba umuyobozi w'imigabane, aho kugeza mu 1945 yakoraga amahoro.
Dukurikije fotokopi y'inyandiko, Tolkien yongeye kwandika hamwe n'ababyeyi be banenze ibikorwa by'Ubudage, bwangiza abantu ibihumbi magana. Yashizeho igitekerezo cya se ko isi yayobowe n'isi, kandi akomeza iyi ngingo mu myaka myinshi ishize.
Nyuma y'inzibacyuho, Christopher yatungiye mu gisirikare, afata ikiruhuko mu mujyi yavukiyemo, yagiye muri kaminuza ya Oxford. Yize Icyongereza n'Ibitabo hamwe na bagenzi be mu Butatu bwa College kandi bakira impamyabumenyi ihanitse afite imyaka 25.
Gushaka gukomeza kwiga no kunoza mu murima wa Melkien, wagumye ku masomo yinyongera yazanye impamyabumenyi ya 2 yubwiza. Hanyuma yinjira mu muryango, wari ugizwe n'abasomyi n'abanenga, kandi yifatanije na "gushinga" societe, iyobowe na Se.
Mu busore bwe, imbaraga nyinshi mu gushyiraho imiterere ya Christopher yahawe n'imirimo y'ababyeyi, ibonwa mbere nk'umugani w'abana. Yasize adventure yibitekerezo bya Bilbo imizigo, bimwe byanditswe kandi bibitswe kugeza uyu munsi.
Ibitabo
Ubuzima bwabantu bakuru bwa Oxford yarangije bwateganijwe mbere mu ntangiriro atangira ibikorwa bya EDITORIAL NO. Yasuye societe y'ibiganiro aho imirimo igezweho yaganiriweho kandi igafasha abanditsi kwinjira mu ruziga rw'ubuvanganzo.Mu bamenyereye umusore Tolkien bari clive steiplz Lewis na Charles Willis, kimwe na Owen Barfield, Roy Campbell, Colin Hardy na Adamu imbwebwe. Aba bantu bari mu mico n'amadini itandukanye, ariko bahana ibitekerezo bahinduranya kandi bagaragariza iterambere ryo guhanga.
Igihe cyose kwagura mwisi yibikorwa bitangaje, Christopher yakoze ku bwiza kandi afite uburyohe bwubuhanzi. Nyuma y'igihe, yabaye kunegura kutaboshe, watanze inama z'agaciro kandi nta pfunwe mu kwerekana ibyiyumvo bye byuzuye.
Urubyaro rw'Umuremyi w'Abacurekeza bakunze kuvugana n'ababyeyi be kandi rumufasha mu guhindura inyandiko no gukora amakarita manini. Gutezimbere birambuye gahunda yisi n'ijuru, Gondra na Arnor basabaga kwitabwaho cyane, igihe n'umurimo.
Ubwonko bwigenga Tolkien bwabaye "Saga kubyerekeye hervour na Heidrek" byahinduwe muri Islande no gutangazwa muri 60. Mu ijambo ryihariye n'ibitekerezo bigaragara mu gihe cy'inkuru, umwanditsi yagaragaje ibitekerezo bye ku isi y'Abasigani ya kera.
Ubuvanganzo bwasize umwanya wo gukora ibikorwa bya Pedagogi, naho Christopher ababaye umwarimu muri Oxford, akurikira inzira ya se. Yishimiye kubaha abanyeshuri binyuze mubumenyi bukabije nubushobozi mubya siyanse kugirango bumve ababuranyi kugeza imperuka.
Mu 1975, kuva mu ishami rya kaminuza, Christopher, abigiranye uruhare rw'abantu bahuje ibitekerezo, bakora ibitabo byo guhindura ibitabo. Yarambyengije ibilime, utarangije ku mubyeyi we maze atanga ubutumwa bwa "Mediterane", akoresheje umushinga w'umwanditsi.
Kuba ubuvanganzo byerekana ko John Tolkina, umuhungu yakusanyije inyandiko zose zandikishijwe intoki mu ntangiriro ya 2000. Hariho rero inkuru "Abana ba Haren" Beren na Lutin ", ndetse n'umurimo wo" kugwa kwa gondoline ", wabaye icya nyuma cyakazi cya se.
Byongeye kandi, Bibliografiya yazumijwe nigitabo kitajyanye na Mediterane yatangajwe munsi yizina "umugani wa Sigurd na Gudrun". Isura ye yakwegereye abafana ibihumbi n'ibihumbi by'amateka, kandi urusaku rutigeze rusohoka mu muryango w'ubuvanganzo.
Mbere gato, Peter Jackson yafashe kwiyerekana ibitabo bya Tolkina, aho inshingano za Mage yakozwe na Ian McCellen na Christopher Lee. Elaja Igiti, Viggo Mormensen, Orlando Bloom na Dominic Monagan bakinnye abanyamuryango ba ubumaji nubutaka bwibihimbano.
Filime zabonye kandi ziteye i Christopher, zifatwaga ko imirimo yo gutanga umugani yahindutse umurwanyi woroshye. Yagerageje guhagarika guhagarika ibipimo binini mu rukiko, ariko, nta bubasha bwo guhuza na trilogy, amaherezo, nta kintu na kimwe cyagezeho.
Muri 2009, havutse ihangane imwe hamwe na "hobbit", ariko umurongo mushya Sinema Studio Studio yashoboye kwanga ikirego. Gukora ibice 3 byegereje mu buryo butangaje, bubaha igitekerezo cyuzungura cyumwanditsi kandi ntashaka kujya mu kaga.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Mu buzima bwihariye bwa Christopher Tolkien, hari ubu ishyingiranwa rya 2 ryemewe, ariko yishimye rwose mubufaransa muri societe yumugore wanyuma. Ishuri rya Billy ryafashije umugabo we gukora ku bategura inyandiko zandikishijwe intoki, kimwe n'inyandiko n'amakarita byahinduwe.
Porofeseri na Lunguist yabyaye umuhungu wo mu bashakanye ba mbere wamenyekanye nk'umwanditsi, umunyamategeko n'umujyanama wa firime. Yatonganaga n'umubyeyi we kubera ubufatanye n'abakozi ba firime, agoreka igitekerezo cya John Tolkien kandi amababi ye yaracitse intege.
Hamwe nabandi bana, Rasheli na Adamu, Christopher yashyigikiye umubano, kandi akenshi bari munzu, kumurima wumuryango wa Dragnan. Ingingo yabujijwe yafatwaga nkaho ikuramo firime yo gusebanya, uko byagenda kose, bikozwe no gukubita ecran nini.
Urupfu
Ku ya 16 Mutarama 2020, Edition ya Var-matin yatangaje ko Umwana wa John Tolkina yapfiriye mu bitaro by'akarere ka VAR. Nk'uko amakuru amwe abivuga, kuva mu bwana yagize ibibazo byumutima, kandi icyateye urupfu ruhoraho ni ikindi gihoni gikomeye.Bibliografiya
- 1980 - "Umugani wa Neoonated wa Numenora na Mediteraneya"
- 1983-1996 - "Amateka ya Mediterane"
- 2007 - "Abana Ba HurIN"
- 2009 - "Umugani wa Sigurd na Gudrun"
- 2013 - "kugwa Arthur"
- 2017 - "Beren na Lutin"
- 2018 - "Gutonyanga Gondolina"