Ubuzima
James Jones numunyamerika wumunyamerika-umwigisha wagaragaje mubikorwa bye byubugome kandi biteye ubwoba ku Ntambara ya Kabiri y'Isi Yose. Ibibanza bishimishije, amashusho akomeye, umuhanga mu by'imitekerereze ya psychologuro yakoze inyandiko z'abakunda abakunda benshi mu basomyi benshi. Amazina ya Jones yapimwe inshuro nyinshi.Mu bwana n'urubyiruko
Umwanditsi yavutse ku ya 6 Ugushyingo 1921 muri Illinois. Ababyeyi batanze izina ry'umuhungu James Ramon Jones. Kubyerekeye imyaka yishuri nishuri muburyo bwumwanditsi azi bike. Kuva mu myaka 18, umusore yakoraga mu gice cya 25 cy'abasirikare. Serivisi yo mu gisirikare yahujwe n'ibyabaye ku ntambara ya kabiri y'isi yose. Umusore yiboneye icyo gitero ku gitero cyagabwe cya Pearbor, kandi yitabira urugamba rwa Guadalkanal.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Yakobo yashakanye yishimye na Mosolino Gloria. Abana babiri bavukiye kurongora. Umukobwa wa Romaist Kylie yahisemo kujya impande za se kandi atangira ibikorwa by'ubuvanganzo. Ibyamamare by'umwanditsi byazanye igishushanyo cya autobiografiya "Umukobwa w'umusirikare ntuzigera arira", yasohotse mu 1990. Kimwe n'ibyanditswe na Data, uyu murimo wahujwe. Filime iyobowe na James Ivory.Ibitabo
Ibitekerezo nuburambe byungutse mugihe cya gisirikare byatumye James abigiramo uruhare mu guhanga. Igitabo cya mbere cya mbere "guhera ubu n'iteka ryose", cyaremwe mu 1951, cyabaye ibyiyumvo. Umwanditsi adafite inkoni yerekanaga ubuzima bw'abasirikare bato mu gisirikare, imyifatire y'ingabo ku rugamba, ubushobozi bwo kubana n'ikipe ndetse n'ibindi byinshi. Hagati yikibanza - inkuru ya Robert Lee Pruita. Umusore Mustago kandi ni Umunyamerika muto, kuko yamaze kubasha kubona igihombo kinini mubuzima bwe.
Muri icyo gihe, umusirikare arakwiye kandi arashaka gutuma abategetsi nabo ari inyangamugayo, babikuye ku mutima kandi babirenganuye. Biragaragara ko ibyo bitekerezo byiza inyungu zurubyiruko rwa Robert. Hamwe n'ishusho y'ibikorwa bya gisirikare, umwanditsi abona ingingo z'urukundo. Ishingiro ryabaye mubitabo byari ibintu nyabyo mubuzima bwihariye bwa Jones, igihe cyumurimo wumwanditsi muri Hawaii. Nyuma yimyaka 2, kwisuzuma inyandiko, umuyobozi wa firime yari Fred Zinnemann.
Igitabo cya "umurongo utukura" wahindutse ubuzima, wazanye prosair yuburama kwisi. Ibyabaye kuri James byagiye kumurimo - intambara ya Guadalkanal. Hano ibitekerezo byabasomyi bashushanyije kubintu bitangaje, hagati yacyo - Whitt. Igitabo cyubatswe kugirango abumva babonye ubwihindurize bwimiterere yumusore watoranije intwari, igiciro cyubuzima bwe bwo kuzigama. Ibyanditswe byakiriye isuzuma ryinshi ryabanenganyabutumwa kandi ryakingiwe kabiri.
Ibitabo bya kera bya kera byambara amazina yo kuvuga. By'umwihariko, inyandiko "jya aho abapfakazi bakora" bagena abasomyi imyumvire imwe yoroheje y'ibyabaye. Umwanditsi yanditse mu bitabo by'imirwano muri Vietnam ("Dietnam"), ingaruka mbi z'ibikorwa by'imirwano ("gukoraho akaga") n'andi mahano y'intambara. Jones ntabwo yakunze kubamenyekanisha, nuko rero hari ifoto nto.
Igitabo cya nyuma kidafunzwe muri bibliografiya cy'umwanditsi w'umunyamerika "cyahamagaye" gusa. Hano, na none, Prosais ihindukirira ibitekerezo bwite yakiriwe mugihe cyo kuvurwa mubitaro bya Memfis. Muri iyi nyandiko, nko mu bindi bikorwa bya Shebuja, Inyandiko z'icyerekezo cyo kurwanya intambara ni byiza. Muri ikibanza, ibiranga "igisirikare" kirimo. Abasirikare bagarutse bava mu ntambara ntibari ngombwa mu gihugu cyababyaye.
Urupfu
Afite imyaka 50, umwanditsi yumvise ashimangiye mu mutima w'umutima. Kuririmba imperuka, umwanditsi yajuririye mugenzi wanjye na Peru Willy Morris hamwe no kurangiza igitabo cya nyuma cy '"guhamagara" gusa. Kubera iyo mpamvu, Abanyamerika ba kera banditse ibisobanuro bya Morris. James ntabwo yari 9 Gicurasi 1977. Impamvu y'urupfu irananirana n'umutima. Umwanditsi yashyinguwe ku irimbi i Bridgehampton. Mwiscts Master akomeje kubikwa muri kaminuza ya Austin.Bibliografiya
- 1951 - "guhera ubu n'iteka ryose"
- 1957 - "Barahunga"
- 1959 - "Pistolet"
- 1962 - "Umurongo utukura muto"
- 1967 - "Genda aho batera abapfakazi"
- 1971 - "Ukwezi kwinshi arashobora"
- 1973 - "Gukora ku kaga"
- 1974 - "Diary ya Vietnam"
- 1975 - "Intambara ya kabiri y'isi yose"
- 1978 - "Hamagara" gusa