Ubuzima
Ever Khoja - Umutegetsi w'igihe kirekire wa Alubaniya, wanyuze mu modoka iva i Tirana. Abakomoka ku gitambo cy'igitugu ntibashobora guhitamo icyo umunyapolitiki afite igiciro cyiza - cyiza cyangwa kibi.Mu bwana n'urubyiruko
ENver yavutse mu 1908 mu muryango wa Bektashi - abayoboke ba sufi pufi, bahuza Islam bafite ibintu by'ubukristo. Umubyeyi wa Malaya Khoji ni umujyi wa Gyrocara, aho abantu bagera ku bihumbi 30 babayeho.
Igihe cyose, papa yagurishije imyenda, ku rwego rw'ubuzima bw'umuryango, urashobora gucira urubanza inzu yububiko, aho imyaka y'ubutoya no mu busore bwarashize politiki, kandi kubera ko umusore atihutiye gukura no gukora amafaranga yigenga. Mu ci ryo mu 1930, umusore yarangije kuvuga mu mujyi wa Korkiniya yinjira muri kaminuza ya Montpellier ya Montpellier. Kimwe na Joseph Stalin, mu rubyiruko rwa Hody wanditse ibisigo.
Mu Bufaransa, abitwa bahuye n'umuyobozi w'Abakomunisiti Maurice Torez, abanditsi ba Henri Barbus na Louis Aragon. Kuva muri kaminuza ya mbere, nagiye kwirukanwa, nk'uko byatangajwe n'amateka ya Alubaniya, kugira ngo ubwitange bw'Abakomunisiti abitabiriye, kandi abisabe abatavuga rumwe na leta - kuko muri kaminuza y'ubuntu - muri kaminuza y'ubuntu ya Burubali.
Exver yinjiye mu gifaransa, no mu ishyaka ry'Ababiligi, ryasohoye ingingo muri "Yumat", aho Stalin yashimye kandi ajugunya Trotskyes na Bukharinsky. Amaze gusubira mu gihugu cya Hody, ayoboye akagari k'Abakomunisiti mu myanda.
Mu 1938, Alubaniya Bolshevik yize mu murwa mukuru wa USSR icyarimwe mu bigo bibiri - ibizamini bibiri - Marxism-Lenininism n'indimi z'amahanga. Ukwezi kumwe nyuma yo kuhagera muri Moscou, ever bahuye numuyobozi wamahanga yose.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Ndetse n'abatavuga rumwe na Khoji ntibahakana ko exver yagaragaye neza. Muremure, ufite inseko nziza, kandi mubuto, ucirwa urubanza ku ifoto, na chapelbyi cyane, umuyobozi yagendanaga numuryango w'intangarugero.Hamwe numugore uzaza, nead eng, iracyari inyeshyamba. Umukobwa yari afite izina ryoroshye. Abantu bahuje ibitekerezo bakinnye nubukwe kumunsi wambere wa 1945. Abana batatu bavukiye mu bashakanye - umukobwa wa Fringer n'abahungu Bali na Falcon.
Abatari Zhaga, ingengabitekerezo nyamukuru ya Alubaniya, yayobowe kuva mu 1966 n'ikigo cy'igihugu gishinzwe iterambere ry'igihugu-Leninism ndetse n'ishuri rikuru. Nyuma y'urupfu rw'urwazi, umugore we yaguye muri Opala, hanyuma amara imyaka 5 muri gereza y'abagore ba Tirana.
Nk'uko nkomoka ku gitabo cy'ubucuruzi, kubura verisiyo y'umwenda Khoja Row Merena Gushyingirwa Ntukore amahame meza y'umuyobozi wa Alubaniya, ariko kubera ko umunyapolitiki yakundaga abasore - Abayobozi. Umunyagitugu, wabujije gutunga imodoka yari afite, ajya kuri magana atandatu ", kandi ingoro ye bwite - Bunker yari afite ibyumba 106.
Politiki
Nyuma yo kwigarurira Alubaniya, ingabo z'Ubutaliyani za Hody zerekezaga ku mutwe wa Pardan. Mu iduka ry'itabi, riherereye i Tiran kandi rifite HOJ, ryatsinze ibyegeranyo by'agakomunisiti.
Alubaniya yabaye igihugu cyonyine cy'Uburayi gitwara Fashiste nta ntangiriro y'ingabo zo mu ihuriro ryo kurwanya anti-Hitler. Khoja yari ahari kuri Pascou parade yo gutsinda.
Leta Zunze Ubumwe z'Abasoviyeti zagize uruhare mu nganda za Alubaniya, kubaka imihanda, inganda, ibitaro n'amashuri. Fasha Igihugu cy'imisozi iboneye nacyo cyatanze Yugosilaviya. Ariko, leta iyobowe na Tito by iplar idezumi, iteganijwe gukuramo Alubaniya.
Mu 1947, ingabo ziyoboye ubutegetsi bw'ishyaka maze kuba umutware w'ishyaka rya gikomunisiti ye. Leta ya mbere aho Alubaniya yarezwe ni Yugosilaviya.
Icyuho hamwe na Leta Zunze Ubumwe z'Abasoviyeti byabayeho nyuma yuko nikita Khrushchev ageze ku butegetsi, bwatumye Khoja kwangwa nka antistinism no kwipimisha atari byo mu ruzinduko rwa Tiran. Nikita Sergeeevich yavuze ko imbeba z'Abasoviyeti zirya ibiteganywaga kurusha Abanyalubaniya. "Khrushhevets" yabaye umuvumo wa Alubaniya.
Abanyalubaniya, bize muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe z'Abasoviyeti munsi ya Stalin baje kuri opal. Abagore babo b'Abasoviyeti n'abagabo babo barangije muri Alubaniya muri gereza. Ifatwa n'ishyirwa mu bikorwa muri rusange byari bisanzwe muri Leta ya kera ya Koji. Guhagarika byakorewe buri muturage wa gatatu wa Alubaniya. Dukurikije urugero rwa Stalin Khoja yateguye ishyaka. Mu bihe bya Leta, abinjira neza ndetse n'umufatanyabikorwa wegereye, Comrade ku rugamba rwa Parsan ya Mehmet Shehu.
Khoja abuza abaturage gutunga imodoka na piyano, ambara ishinya, umva urutare na jazz. Alubaniya nicyo gihugu cyonyine ku isi aho bibujijwe idini iryo ariryo ryabujijwe ku mugaragaro.
Usibye Khoja na Stalin, Leta ya Balkan yicyubahiro Skanderbeg - urugamba rwo kwibohora kwigihugu kurwanya turkishi. Ubuzima bwa Alubaniya bwabayeho mu kinyejana cya XV, mu myaka y'ubufatanye na Leta Zunze Ubumwe z'Abasoviyeti, yari ishingiye kuri filime yakozwe na Yuri Yakovlev yatesheje impaka.
Politiki yo kwigunga yatumye bubaka abahatani muri Alubaniya. Imiterere imwe ikingira hamwe na buri banyalubaniya batanu.
Muri icyo gihe, abaturage ba Alubaniya bakuze kuva mu gice n'igice kugeza kuri miliyoni eshatu n'igice, no gusoma no kwandika - kuva kuri 5% kugeza 98%. Mu 1960, gutwika umusoro ku nyungu. Niba umuturage wa Alubaniya yapfuye, umuryango wakiriye ubwishyu ku rwego rw'umushahara ngarukamwaka cyangwa pansiyo ya nyakwigendera.
Urupfu
Mu myaka yashize, enver yahuye nuruheregurikireli na micirindarkt. Ibintu bya diyabete bikongereye, hogzha barwaye urubyiruko. Mu 1983, Ever yavuye mu bibazo. Alubaniya yatangiye kuyobora uwasimbuye Khoji RamIZ.Umunyapolitiki wategekaga igihugu gikennye cyane cy'i Burayi i Yozefu Stalin, Nikita Khrushchev na Leonid Brezhnev, yapfuye igihe Mikhail Gorbachev yari asanzwe ari umuyobozi wa USSR. Impamvu y'urupfu rw'Umunyagitugu ku ya 11 Mata 1985 yari Hemorrage mu bwonko.
Mu muhango wo gusezera, ubuyobozi bwa Alubaniya bwashyizeho itsinda ry'amahanga gusa rigumana ibyo wiyemeje kwa Marxism-Leninism. Imva ya Khoji yari mu irimbi ry'Urwibutso bw'intwari z'igihugu muri Tirana (gushyingura byabereye mu Kwakira 1985). Ariko, mu 1992, abizihiza umubiri bakururwa kandi biganwa ku irimbi rusange mu nkengero z'umurwa mukuru wa alubaniya.
Kwibuka
Umukobwa wa Dictinator, hamwe n'umugabo we, abapolisi be ba Colanech bateguye inzu ndangamurage ya Ever Khoji muri Tirana, bita Mausoleum. Mu gihe cy'intambara muri Balkans mu nyubako isa n'icyicaro cya NATO cyari giherereye. Noneho imiterere ikoreshwa nka salle. Igice cyibibanza gihabwa ikigo cya tereviziyo, igice cyaciwe. Urwibutso rwa Enverra, wari uhagaze kuri Skanderbeg Square muri Tirana, yasenyutse mu 1991.
Mu mirimo ya salaureate ya berechovskaya igihugu cya Beechovsman Khoji Ismail Casar "Umuyobozi wa Gusezeranya" Umuyobozi wa Alubaniya yagaragaye na Satani. Igishimishije, ku ngoma y'umwanditsi umwe ifuro muri Aluminiya nyamukuru mu gitabo cya "Ukize Amajwi", yafashwe mu myaka ya 1979, yitwa "imbonankubone".
Khoja avugwa mu mirimo ya George Amanda "koga nko koga kw'inyanja" n'izinga rya Aksonova ikomeye ". Muri 2010, umwanditsi wa Exmo algorithm yatanze igitabo Ever "Khrushchev yishe Stalin kabiri."
Bibliografiya
- 1976 - "KHrushchevtsy"
- 1977 - "Upt mu kurwanya ivugurura rya Khrushchev"
- 1979 - "Imperialism na Revolution"
- 1979 - "Ibitekerezo ku Bushinwa"
- 1982 - "Ku bitabo n'ubuhanzi"
- 1983 - "Titovtsy. INGINGO Z'AMATEKA "
- 1984 - "Ibitekerezo byo mu burasirazuba bwo hagati. 1958-1983. Kuva ku nyandiko ya politiki "