Ubuzima
Henry James yari uwo mubare w'abanditsi b'ubinyamerika bakomeye maze aba umwanditsi w'ibitabo 20, inkuru amagana n'inkuru amagana na 12. Imirimo yacyo muburyo bwa kera, kimwe nimico yakazi yakazi ikunze kuba firime kandi itera abasomyi.Mu bwana n'urubyiruko
Henry James yavukiye i New York ku ya 15 Mata 1843 mu muryango w'abimukira baturutse mu Burayi, abatwara imizi no muri Scottish. Nyina wari ufite amahirwe, yateze urubyaro rwinshi, na Papa, sairi, umunyamabanki, yakundaga filozofiya n'idini.
Kwishima nka tewolojiya na Perezida w'Umuryango, umuyobozi w'umuryango yakundaga kujya mu Burayi maze asura Geneve na London, aherekejwe n'umugore we n'abana be. Kubwibyo, abarezi bigenga bagize uruhare mu burezi bwambere bwumuhungu, nubushobozi bwe kuva kera abigisha bashimishijwe.
Mu bwana, Henry warwaye Stout, yinjira mu kirere cy'umuco wa Paris kandi akuraho mu buryo bw'igitangaza kubura kuvuga, amaze kwigira igifaransa. Kuva icyo gihe, yasomye umwimerere ibitabo by'ucyubahiro de Balzak hamwe no gutanga nyina w'amarangamutima yandikaga ibitekerezo n'amarangamutima muri make.
Mu ntangiriro ya 1860, umuvandimwe mukuru James, umuryango w'abantu ba psychologue, yinjiye muri kaminuza ya Boston, maze umuryango uramugirira. Henry yateguye uburenganzira bw'ishuri, ariko yasanze kurambirana iyi disipuline kandi, akora intambwe yambere mubintu byigenga, yatangiye kwiga ubuhanga.
Kugira urugwiro n'abanditsi n'abanegura, umusore yaremye inyandiko y'imikino ishinga, yasohowe na Miss Maggie Mitchell muri fanchon igikoma. Hanyuma inkuru y "ibyago byamakosa" byagaragaye, kandi umwanditsi wanditse yatumiriwe kwandika ibikoresho kuri gahunda y'ibinyamakuru n'ibinyamakuru.
Amaze kubona amafaranga ashingiye ku bitabo, Henry yagiye gutembera mu Burayi maze ahura n'abaturage nka Charles Dickens na George Eliot. Hanyuma atura i Londres atangira kwandika ibitabo by'abagore, ariko icyo gihe abamamaji ntibigeze bacapura imirimo yose.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Ubuzima bwihariye bwumwanditsi wumunyamerika buracyari amakimbirane, kandi abashyigikiye ibitekerezo bitandukanye gusa barahurira gusa ko yari ingaragu. Umubare wabarwanyi wakiriye uburyo bwo kubona amabaruwa n'amafoto yo mu Bushinwa bwimiryango byamwitirirwaga nabagabo kandi bita kumugaragaro.Ibitabo
Mu 1860-1870, James yari umwe mu bagize club yoroheje kandi asoma ibikorwa bye mu ruziga n'inshuti. Kubera iyo mpamvu, Isosiyete y'Urwibutso yasohoye Roderit Hudson Roman, abanegura n'abasomyi babonye amateka ashimishije.
Akorera mu bwoko bwa Prose ifatika, Henry yabaye umuyoboke wa Gustava Flaubert no kuba hafi y'ibigirwamana cy'ubuvanganzo, yimukira i Londres yerekeza i Paris. Agezeyo, yabaye inshuti n'abanditsi Emil Zol na Ivan Turnganav na nyuma yo gusohora imirimo myinshi yemeje icyubahiro cy'umunyamerika mu Burayi.
Igikorwa cyiki gihe cya kera cyari gigizwe nuruhererekane rwibikorwa: "Washington Square", "Daisy Miller", "ikizere" n "" igishushanyo cy'abagore ". Hanyuma kwandika ibitekerezo byahinduye ubushakashatsi kubintu byateye imbere, kandi ibyo byatumye hakurya yamaze imyaka irenga itanu.
Nubwo bimeze bityo ariko, Bibliografiya ya Yakobo yubahirije inyandiko nk '"Bostoniya", "muse zibabaje", "inzandiko za asima" na "guhindukira". Muri bo, umwanditsi yazamuye ibibazo by'impinduramatwara n'imibereho, ndetse no guhuza no guhangana n'imico ya kera kandi nshya.
Mu kugerageza gutsinda abasomyi, umwanditsi yafashe ikinamico, ariko abumva ntibashimye kimwe mukina. Ariko, aya mashyaka yubuvanganzo yafashije gushiraho uburyo bushya, tukikishe aho henry aturutse kwishyiriraho umusaraba mubikorwa bye.
Ibitabo byasohotse mu myaka ya za 1900 byatandukanijwe byibuze inyuguti, hamwe na psychologusm na psychologusm hamwe nintanga idasanzwe, binyuze mu mugambi uhoraho. Ururimi rwibiganiro hamwe nibisobanuro byubuhanzi byatangiye kuzuzwa hamwe ninzego zigoye zatangwa neza, impumuro, amajwi n'amabara.
Byagombaga kuryoherwa n'abanegura, bibujijwe n'ibitabo byatinze by'umwanditsi kandi byatumye imirimo nk'iyi "amababa y'inuma" na "ambasaderi". Bitewe no gusuzuma inzobere zemewe, Henry James yize kwisi yose, kandi abakora amafilime bazwi bakoze firime zubuhanzi.
Urupfu
Ku ya 28 Gashyantare 1916 mu binyamakuru byo mu Cyongereza n'Abanyamerika byanditse ko umwanditsi Henry James yapfuye. Impamvu y'urupfu rw'urwango ruzwi cyane rwabaye ihohoterwa rizenguruka mu mizigo no gutontoma, byabereye mu nzu biherereye mu ntara ya Susesi.Bibliografiya
- 1875 - "Rodrick Hudson"
- 1877 - "Umunyamerika"
- 1878 - "Abanyaburayi"
- 1880 - "Washington Square"
- 1881 - "Igishushanyo cy'abagore"
- 1886 - "Bostoniya"
- 1890 - "Gutabaza Muse"
- 1899 - "Imyaka itameze neza"
- 1901 - "Ambasaderi"
- 1902 - "Amababa y'inuma"
- 1904 - "vase ya zahabu"