Villem Haren - Ifoto, Ubuzima, Ubuzima Bwantu, Bitera Urupfu, Navigator

Anonim

Ubuzima

Villem, ni navator Umudage n'umushakashatsi wafashe urugendo rwa Arctique na umushinga 3 mu rugendo rw'ibyumba bya Arctique. Noneho ifoto yumuvumbuzi yasohotse muri geografiya namateka yitange.

Mu bwana n'urubyiruko

Kubijyanye na biografiya ya villem kubamo hanze ibikorwa bya geografiya ntakintu kizwi. Byumvikane ko yavutse ahagana mu 1550, kandi igihugu cy'umuhungu abaye ikirwa cy'ibirori bya Frisiyani. Abashakashatsi bemeza ko se yari umuhinzi woroshye.

Mu gihe cyo gukura, Villem yimukiye i Amsterdam, aho yatuye mu mahugurwa mu kugenda no kuyobora n'amahugurwa. Urugendo rwe rwa mbere rwabaye muri rusange umujyanama. Hamwe na hamwe basuye Ubutaliyani na Espanye, bigize Atlas yinyanja ya Mediterane. Uru rugendo rwazanye abadipaga impamyabumenyi.

Ubuzima Bwihariye

Abagenzi bashize amanga kandi bafite intego babayeho inyota yo kuvumbura. Ubuzima bwayo ntabwo butwikiriwe neza, abashakashatsi ba none ntibashobora gutanga amakuru yuzuye kubyerekeye. Tumaze kwitangira ubuzima bw'ubushakashatsi no gutanga umusanzu munini mu bushakashatsi bwamajyaruguru, bwibanze kuri siyanse.

Ingendo n'ubushakashatsi

Mu 1594, igenamigambi ryatangije urugendo rw'ubushakashatsi, dushakisha amajyaruguru-yerekeza mu Bushinwa. Urugendo rwatwaye amato 4, rwayoborwaga na esigencont, Villem ababaremo na Cornell. Inzira y'abashakashatsi iryamye hirya no hino mu gace ka Scandinaviya. Ikidage cyari kuri Kola Pernsinla kandi gihabwa mu majyaruguru y'ubutaka bushya. Abagenzi babonye ikirwa cya Wilhelm, banza kubona idubu. Mu burasirazuba, basangaga ku majyaruguru ya Archipelago bavumbura Cape yitwa urubura runini.

Kubona Itsinda ryibirwa bya birwa, harabasaba izina rya orange mu cyubahiro umutware wUbuholandi. Hano abashakashatsi bamenyereye wa Walrus. Ikidage cyasuwe n'ikigo cy'izinga cyo mu majyepfo kirimo gukingura ikigobe, kizwi ku ikarita yitwa umwirabura. Kuva icyo gihe, Atlas yagaragaye kubyerekeye cape yifu.

Bamaze kugwa ku kirwa cya Vaigani, abagenzi batsinze umupira wa Ugra basanga ku mugabane wa Afurika. Inzira yo kugaruka banyuze mu isuka kuri Musheron Cape. Noneho yitwa Deacon Cape. Iyo bagarutse, ababana na basuye ikirwa cya leta, basanze Matveyev, Halto n'ikirwa kirekire barangiza urugendo.

Gutembera kwa kabiri byabereye mu 1595 kandi byari urugero runini. Amato menshi yagiye mu gihugu gishya na Vaigani, ariko inzira itoroshye yagombaga kugorana kubera imbeho mbi. Abanyamuryango bamwe bateje bapfuye mugihe cyo gutembera. Anyura mu burasirazuba, abagenzi bari mu nyanja ya Kara. Kurera inanga muri leta ya Leta, indogobe zaho kubera ubukonje bukomeye na barafu, kubangamira inzira y'amato. Urugendo rwamenyekanye ko rumenetse, n'abaterankunga imbere y'abacuruzi ntibashyigikiye intego ikurikira. Kunywa ibikoresho 2 ubwabyo bishingiye ku ndishyi z'Inama Njyanama y'Umujyi iyo batsinze.

Mu 1596, ubukangurambaga bwa gatatu bwabatorent bwabaye. Ku kirwa, ubu cyitwa izina ry'idubu, abasare batewe n'inyamaswa zo mu gasozi, basuye Svalba, batekereza ko bari kuri Greenland, hanyuma bakomeza ku rubura. Kimwe cya kabiri bamara ku kirwa cya Cronerary Cro Creery, hanyuma bakira kwibonera kwifuza, ariko inzira inyuzwa ku nyanja ya Kara yahagaritswe na barafu. Abatori bato bongeye kujya muri Vaigach, aho ubwato bwari bukozwe mu rubura. Abashakashatsi baje ku nkombe. Bagombaga kubaka inzu yimbeho. Hariho uwambere mumateka yubushakashatsi mu gihe cy'itumba ridateganijwe mu rubura.

Urupfu

Kuba wubatse ubwato bwa nabi, Ubuholandi, warengeje urubura, yarimo yitegura gufata mu rugo. Banyuze mu cyambu cyabereye i Kola. Urugendo rwo mu nyanja rwakozwe mu 1596 kugeza 1597, rwabaye uwanyuma kuri barrems villem. Ntiyashoboye kubona inzira magara muri Aziya. Ku ya 20 Kamena 1597, umushakashatsi yarapfuye. Impamvu y'urupfu yabaye qing. Umurambo we wamanuwe mumazi yinyanja ya Archipelago yisi nshya.

Ubuvumbuzi

Willoma barenta yavumbuye ibirwa bya cumi na Bear Bechan. Yakoze amakarita ya mbere asobanura ubutaka bushya. Mu 1853, inyanja rero yamwitiriye. Umushakashatsi yigaga igihugu cya Franz Yozefu, icyambu cya Barensburg. Yabaye umunyabyaha, anyura mu majyaruguru ya SEREST Inyanja na Bass ya Arctique. Murakoze, uburebure bw'urwanyi bwashizweho. Villem yayoboye ikarita, yabaye inoti ya mbere y'ikirere mu Burusiya. Yitwa ikirwa kiri mu kirwa cya Svalbard, umujyi no mu birwa byo mu burengerazuba bw'inyanja nshya.

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