Umugabo Ray - Ifoto, Ubuzima, Ubuzima Bwamuntu, Bitera Urupfu, Amashusho

Ubuzima

Umuhanzi wumuhanzi wumunyamerika Ray yahujwe kumugaragaro hamwe na surealism na Dadasis kandi yaremye ibihangano muburyo bwo gushushanya, amafoto na collage. Yabaye kandi umwanditsi wa firime nyinshi mu buryo bw'ubusitani bwa Filime, kandi akazi gahamye mu batekinisiye nk'indege n'iteraniro.

Mu bwana n'urubyiruko

Umugabo Ray yavukiye muri Pennsylvania ku ya 27 Kanama 1890 mu muryango w'abimukira b'Abayahudi bo mu Burusiya, batuye i Williamsburg. Ababyeyi bari bafite izina rya Radnitskiy banje guhamagara umuhungu Emmanuel, ariko amutema i Mana, arenga inzira nyinshi.

Data na Mama bari bafite ubucuruzi bwo kudoda kandi bakurura abana bakuru gukora, umuhungu wese ufite umuvandimwe na bashiki bacu bamaranye igihe kinini mumahugurwa. Yamenye amashusho ya colage, akusanya amashusho avuye mu mwenda, kandi kugeza igihe ubu bwoko bwo guhanga bwahagaritse kuba umukino ushimishije.

Kugerageza kwitandukanya na bene wabo, Ray yanze kuguma muri urwo rwego, ariko ibintu bifitanye isano no kwerekana imyenda ikoreshwa kugeza kurangiza. Ku ifoto, ibyuma, ibyuma, amapine, mannequine nibindi bintu bifitanye isano ninganda zidoda byagaragaye mubikorwa nibikorwa byiza.

Ishimwe rya Batty Amashusho

Mu ishuri ryisumbuye ryisumbuye rya kabiri, Ray yerekanye ubushobozi bwo gushushanya no gushishikazwa no kwiga uburyo bwubuhanzi bwa ba shebuja bashize. Yahisemo guhambira ubuzima bw'amahanga, kubera gutenguha se na nyina bashaka ko akemura imyenda yo gufungura no kudoda.

Nyamara, ku Nama Njyanama, hafashwe umwanzuro wo kwerekana Studio ya Studio kugira ngo ashyireho ingero z'ibinyamakuru n'ibinyamakuru bya New York n'ibinyamakuru. Mu gihe ugereranije, umusore yafashe amasomo yo gushushanya mu ishuri ry'igishushanyo cy'igihugu, hanyuma yinjira mu bukoloni bwa Fenere amara imyaka 2.5.

Mu ntangiriro z'abarimyi - MRI bashishikajwe no guterana amagambo batera imbere maze bahura n'abahanzi batuye mu rukiko rwa Manhattan "291". Udushya dushya guhanga cyane k'umusore twafatwaga nk'ibishushanyo by Marseille Duzane, uhagarariye Cubism na Dadasim muri kiriya gihe.

Ubuzima Bwihariye

Kubera ko umugabo yari umufotozi wakoranye na enilator nziza, hari abadamu benshi bafitanye isano nubuhanzi bwubuzima bwe. Umugore wa mbere yari poetess, ariko ubukwe bwarasenyutse, busimbuzwa umubano mwiza kandi muremure hamwe na Model yigifaransa ya Kiki de Monceparnas.

Umugore wa kabiri kandi ukundwa na Ray yabaye umunyamerika, Juliet Brown, wabyaye umukobwa wa Ana kandi ategura ikigega nominal. Nyuma y'urupfu rw'umuhanzi, inyandiko z'ububiko, amashusho, film, kwibuka no gukora ibintu byiza cyane byatwaye.

Kurema

Mu gihe cyambere, Ray yaremye imirimo yo gushushanya, intego yacyo niyo iyimurwa ryamashusho yo kwimura imibiri idahwitse. Yashushanyijeho imiterere ya geometrike, akuraho inzira kuri film, amaherezo yageze kuri iyo ngaruka ibyo yashakaga.

Mu 1918, umuntu yanze gushushanya kandi ashishikajwe n'ibikoresho bya kinetic, nyuma byaranze intangiriro yububiko bwabanyamerika mubuzima bwa none. Ibikorwa bye byimpano byiteguye na Aerograph, byerekanaga ikintu kandi ifoto yateje inyanja yamarangamutima hamwe namarangamutima ava ku bateze amatwi n'abanenga.

Kubura kwemerwa kimwe na Mana yimukira mu Burayi no mu myaka ya za 1920 cyo gutura muri kimwe cya kane cya Parisparse. Agezeyo, yerekanye urukurikirane rw'abahanzi n'abanditsi b'indashyikirwa, bahabwa gukundwa kandi yemeza ko mbaraga ry'umuco.

Ishimwe rya Batty Amashusho

Ikintu kidasanzwe kiracyariho kandi kirimo ibikorwa byakazi k'ubuyobozi bwongeye kwitwa "ikintu cyo kurimbuka", rayografike na rayografike na Lampshade. Bagereranya ibintu bitandukanijwe byose kandi bihuje ishusho yabantu bambaye kandi bambaye ubusa.

Amafoto ajyanye no gutembera, azwi nkiyerekwa rishya, yari hejuru yo guhanga ray hanyuma yaje gukoreshwa muri firime. Muri Filime ngufi ya Avant-Galide, aho umuhanzi yakoze nk'umuyobozi, ingaruka zidasanzwe zashyizwe mu bikorwa, zigana kureba mu idirishya ritari rihari.

Mu 1940-1950, umugabo yasubiye mu buhanzi bwerekanwe maze andika urukurikirane rw "Shakespeare Equations", irimo puzzle nyinshi z'ubuhanzi mu buryo bwo gushushanya amarangi. Mu myaka icumi yakurikiyeho, yakoraga ku gukora kopi yatandukanije Uburayi maze aba umutako w'ingoro ndangamurage.

Urupfu

Impamvu y'urupfu rwa Mana Ray yari ubwandu bwanduye adashobora guhangana, afite imyaka 86. Nyuma yo gushyingura, umuryango w'Abanyamerika watanze imurikagurisha rye bwite kandi ryasohoye Autobiography ryitwa "Kwishushanya".

Gushushanya

• 1916 - "Umubyinnyi Umugozi uherekeza nigicucu cyacyo"
• 1920 - "Amayobera ya IsIdor Ducass"
• 1921 - "Impano"
• 1922 - "RASIOGRAPHY" ("GUSURA")
• 1923 - "INGINGO YO KUGURIRA"
• 1924 - "Violin Engr"
• 1926 - "Umukara n'Umweru"
• 1932 - "Amarira yirabura"
• 1936 - "Igihe cy'ubwato - Abakunda"

Film

• 1923 - "Garuka Mubitekerezo"
• 1924 - "Ibyo urota filime nto"
• 1924 - "ANGAS"
• 1928 - "STARFISH"
• 1929 - "Amayobera yo mu gihome"
• 1947 - "Inzozi zishobora kugurwa kumafaranga"