Mikhail Sholokhov azwi kubwo kurambirwa igihembo cyitiriwe Nobel "atuje Don", no mu mudugudu wa Voshenskaya, aramwibuka nk'umutwe. Ku ya 24 Gicurasi 2020, Itariki Yuburusiya Ikirusiya Ikirusiya ni imyaka 115 kuva akivuka. Ibintu bishimishije biva mubuzima bwimigani - muri 24CM.
Hari ibiryo
Mu nkuru za Don, umwanditsi agaragara umurimo wa "Naulenok", ufatwa nkiyouterere. Mbere, "Naulenk" yitwa umwana utemewe. Nyina w'umwanditsi, Anastasiriya Danilovna, yibarutse umuhungu we umukundwa, uwo yabayeho ataja mu gutera.Kubera ko gutandukana byari bibujijwe, umwana yabanje kwandika umugabo wemewe wa nyina mu izina rye. Mikhail yakiriye izina rya Stanic Kuznetsov. Gusa nyuma y'urupfu rwe umwanditsi ahinduka Sholokhov.
Ntashyingiranywe kuri ibyo
Ukuboza 1923, Mikhail yateraniye kurongora no guhitamo Lidia GRmooslavskaya mumugeni. Ariko, se watontomye watoranijwe ntiyifuzaga guha umukobwa muto mbere yumukuru - ntiyemewe.
Umukwe uzaza umutware w'imfura, Marusya, hamwe n'amasezerano yo kugira umuntu wo muri Sholokhov. Mikhail Alexandrovich yemeye. Nyuma, abantu bavuze ko ubukwe bw'umwanditsi bumaze imyaka 60 bwasojwe mu ijuru.
Ushinjwa kwibasirwa
Ndetse na nyuma yimyaka mirongo, nyuma y'urupfu rwUmuremyi w '"pasifika Don", ibiganiro ku bwanditsi bw'Igitabo ntibihagarara. Umubumbe wa 2 wambere wibyamamare byasohotse mugihe Sholokhov yari afite imyaka 23. Ubujyakuzimu bw'akazi bwakubiswe nibisobanuro bisa nkaho bitera umuntu ufite ibyiciro 4 byuburezi ntibishobora gutera.Mubwenge, hari ibibazo bijyanye no guhanga "gutsindwa" mubuzima bwumwanditsi, mugihe bihuje bitunguranye. Sergey Golowsshev na Fordor Kryokov, umukandida we na we washyigikiwe na Alexander Solzhenitsyn, nk'umuhanga wa Epic.
Icyemezo cya mbere cy'ubwanditsi bwari mu bihe bya Stalin, igihe umwanditsi w'inyandiko ya Don intoki yagenzuraga inshingano ya Rapp. Noneho muri hypotheses kubyerekeye ubujyamye babonye ishyari. Mu 1999, inyandiko nyayo y'ibitabo 2 by'Abaroma Sholokhov, yemeza impano y'umwanditsi, yashinze imizi impaka. Amakimbirane ntabwo yatinyuka kugeza ubu.
Igitabo cyatwitse "Barwaniye igihugu cyabo"
Mu mibereho yo guhanga ya Sholokhov habaye igihe cy'indogobe igihe yatwitse intoki z'igitabo "yarwaniye igihugu cyabo." Nkumurage, mu icapiro bike.
Impamvu igitabo cyaka umuriro, cyabaye ubutegetsi bwingabo igihe Mikhail Alexandrovich yabujijwe gucanduka ukuri, kwizera ko igihe kitaragera. Nubwo bimeze bityo ariko, n'ibi bice byarokotse, bihagije kuri Sernardock Bondarkuru ya Sergeikun kugira ngo arekure filime imwe yerekeye intambara kuri sicreensi ya Sovie.
Yarokotse nyuma yo guhanuka kw'indege
Ibyerekeye impanuka 1942 abantu bake barabizi. Gukora umunyamakuru w'ikinyamakuru "Ukuri", Sholokhov yagarutse avuye imbere yerekeza kuri Kuibyshev kuri Bombarder. Indege yakoze impanuka, gusa umwanditsi akaba n'umwanditsi yagumye ari muzima. Mikhail Alexandrovich yarababajwe cyane: yicaye mu ntera, umutwe yarabyimbye, guhumeka biragoye gutakaza ubwenge. Ariko, ku bisobanuro by'umukobwa we, Sholokhov ntiyigeze yinubira ububabare.Yangiwe igihembo cyitiriwe Nobel
Mikhail Sholokhov yatorewe igihe cyitiriwe Nobel inshuro 12. Nyuma yimyaka 25 gusa nyuma yo kurangiza igitabo, Umwanditsi yakiriye igihembo mpuzamahanga - kwemerwa na guverinoma ya USSR.
Muri 2016, abahatanira 1965 baramenyekanye. Iyi nama yaganiriye ku gitekerezo cyo kugabanya ibihembo hagati ya Anna Akhmatova na Mikhail Sholokhov. Amagambo ya Porofeseri Andeling yanze ko abandi banditsi bahuza ururimi gusa, kandi bitabaye ibyo barihariye.
Ntiyumvishije umwami wa Suwede
Mu gihe cyo gutanga igihembo mpuzamahanga, umwanditsi yamennye iki w'ibinyoma, atarunama umwami wa Suwede. Ntabwo bizwiho gushidikanya, byahungabanye nkana amategeko cyangwa umunezero byagize ingaruka. Ariko, nkurikije kwibuka mu gihe cyaho, Mikhail Sholokhov yagize ati: "Twebwe, ntihanana umuntu uwo ari we wese. Hano imbere yabantu - nyamuneka, ariko sinzaba imbere yumwami, nibintu byose ... "