Ubuzima
Pericles, izina rya nde mu Bugereki bwa kera risobanura "ikikijwe n'icyubahiro," cyari gishushanyo cy'ingenzi, Perezida w'Umuvugizi n'umuyobozi w'ikigo cya Atene. Umugabo yamenyekanye nkuwashinze kandi ashyigikiye demokarasi ya kera, ndetse n'umugabo wubatse ACROPILS, urusengero rwa Herume, Prowton.Mu bwana n'urubyiruko
Pericles yafatwagaga umuhungu wa Xantip, wavutse hafi 494 mbere ya Yesu. Ns. Mu muryango, aho abahagarariye kubyara bihebuje bahujwe kera. Umurongo w'abagabo watangije ingoma yubahwa ya Buzigov, kandi igitsina gore cyahujwe na Alkmeyonide, kizwiho ibitekerezo byinshi.
Se w'ejodiri uzaza n'umuvugizi babaye umuhigo ukomeye kandi wa politiki, werekeza mu matsinda ya Ateniya, mu bihe bya kera byagize uruhare mu ntambara ya Trojan. Umubyeyi witwa Agarist, yazamuye abana ba Pericla na arithront, kimwe n'umukobwa, avana na barumuna ba kavukire kuri par.
Kuva mu gisekuru kugera ku gisekuru cy'abakurambere b'Umwami w'ejo hazaza yari iry'Abagereki ba kera b'Abagereki ba kera, ntibakomeje kutita ku buryo bwo guhungabanya ibinyejana bya kera. Muri kiriya gihe, abaperesi kuri Atenayi bayongereyeho ibirori byabaye by'umugore, bashishikajwe n'ubuhungiro no kurimbuka kw'imiryango yitangira ndetse n'imiryango yemewe.
Se na nyirarume ukomoka kuri Alkmeonide bakorewe inzira ya Ostaraksism kandi, bamaze imyaka 10 bahitana mu myaka 10. Ibi bintu bishyira urutoki mu buzima bwo hambere bwa pericles kandi nk'uko abashakashatsi bavuga ko basize igikomere mu bugingo bw'abana na Mariko itaryantu.
Nta kwitabwaho n'abagabo, umuhungu ntiyashoboraga kubona uburezi bwiza, kuko, nkabarwandiko benshi, yishimye yitegereza abarimu. Yateze amatwi inzira y'amazi, ubuvanganzo n'umuziki by'umuziki, ukurikije kwibuka umuhanga mu by'amateka wa Plutacry, wasobanuye ubuzima bw'abantu bazwi.
Hatishoboye kubona ubushobozi buhebuje mu rubyiruko, Perganiri yategereje ko abari mu bunyage, bwa mbere kuruta igihe ntarengwa cyo kugera muri Athens bikomeje gutabara imbaraga nyinshi. Hamwe na bo, umusore yinjiye mu bashyigikiye politiki ya Kimoni, bakemuye demokarasi igaragara maze bahinduka intwari yemewe.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Nk'uko byatangajwe n'amateka, ukundwa cyane ukundwa cyane wasabye uruhare rw'abagore bari bahari mu buzima bwe bwite bwa kera. Iya mbere muri bo yari idini n'idini rya Deva telezippa, ahubwo kubera ibitekerezo bitesha agaciro ya Pericla, ubu bukwe bwarimbutse.Amaze gutegura ejo hazaza h'inyamaswa zatoranijwe, Ikigereki cyakoraga uburere bw'amaraso mu byiringiro byo kwigira kuri Xanthipi na Whitethip hamwe n'abagabo bubi. Ariko igitekerezo cyatsinzwe kubera isura nziza ya kavukire ya aspasia ya mileyone aspasia, watanze demokarasi kandi akamanika iminsi myinshi yishimye kandi yishimye.
Kubwamahirwe, amategeko akomeye yabujije pericla gushaka umukobwa, kuko atari ubwenegihugu bwuzuye muri Atenayi yuzuye. Ariko tubikesheje umwanya wiganje muri sosiyete, umuhungu wa 3 utemewe washoboye kugera kumiterere yumuturage utabonye nyina.
Nta muntu udafite impamvu zizwi, Umugereki aratonganye n'umuhungu w'imfura, kandi nyuma y'igihe, Xantipe yatangiye kwanga se. Ihambiriye cyane n'umukobwa wa Tisandra, pericles yigeze guhura n'umuvuduko, iyo umwana na mushiki we bo hagati bapfuye kubera icyorezo.
Nyuma yibi bintu bibabaje, Ikigereki cyabaye hafi ya alkiviviad, mubyara, wafatwaga nkuwakiriye neza, bitandukanye nicyo kiwe wenyine. Ariko umusore wifuzaga ntiyujuje ibyiringiro by'umugiraneza kandi umurezi, kubera ko yerekanye impengamiro yo gutum igitugu kandi isuzuguritse abantu basanzwe.
Umwuga
Mubuso bwa 472 BC. Pericles yayoboye itsinda rya Alkmeyodide, kubera ko nahawe umurimo wa gisirikare wari umaze gutangaza. Guhindukirira ibitugu ku bitekerezo bya demokarasi no kurwana gukaze n'umutegetsi Kimoni yagize ingaruka ku gihe kizaza cy'Abagereki kandi yagize uruhare rukomeye mu bihe bikomeye.
Gupfukirana ibikorwa by'ubutavuga rumwe n'ubutegetsi mu gutera inkunga Theatre Theatre, umugabo, ukurikije bamwe mu bashakashatsi, babaye umusingize abagabo b'icyubahiro. Yakoranye n'umwanditsi w'ivugurura rya Areopagu hamwe na Efial kandi yishimiye kwimura imirimo n'iteraniro ry'abaturage. Nyuma y'igihe, yabaye ubwenegihugu bw'indashyikirwa kandi akamenyekana nk'umuyobozi wa politiki ya kera.
Kuvugana ku makimbirane afunguye na Sparta, akurikiza demokarasi yabaye ingamba, ariko Abanyatene batsinzwe cyane mu ntambara zidasanzwe. Nubwo bimeze bityo ariko, komanda yashyigikiye Abanyarositori n'abaturage basanzwe, abahanga b'icyubahiro, abahanga mu bya filozofiya, abanditsi n'abandi bafite ibitekerezo bimurikirwa.
Ndabikoze, ndakwishimira umuco wa kera w'Abagereki watangiye, ufitanye isano n'izina rya Sculptor Fidiya, bisi zuzura parfenon mu myaka yashize. Umutegetsi w'Abashoramari yategetswe kubaka imirongo n'ishusho ya Atenayi, ndetse n'urusengero rw'Imana Gefiesta no mu bubiko bwa muzika - Odeon.
Muri politiki, mu myaka irenga itari mike, Pericles yakomeje imigenzo ya Soloni, maze Umurwa mukuru w'Ubugereki wabaye ijoro ryose ikigo cy'ubukungu cy'igihugu. Urukundo rw'abaturage bahawe uburenganzira n'ubwisanzure butigeze bubaho muri leta byatangiye hamwe n'imibereho myiza ya ibihembo bikwiye kubikorwa.
Mu myaka icumi ishize, Perirs yageze ku mugoroba nk'uwatanze ikiganiro kubera disikuru yavuzwe mu mwuka yavuzwe mu murima w'intambara ya Peloponnesian. Abagereki barwanyaga Abanyasipantari bashyigikiye politiki ya demokarasi, ariko inkuru yohereje ingabo za Kara muburyo bw'icyorezo cyica "cya Atenian."
Umutegetsi yatakaje politiki, gutsindwa na politiki rusange, hanyuma ashinjwa uburiganya bwamafaranga nibindi byaha bikomeye. Nubwo byari bimeze bityo ariko, izina rye ryubatswe mu Bugereki mu myaka mirongo iri munsi mu myaka yakurikiyeho, kandi mbikesheje imbaraga za birwatsi zafashwe mu binyejana byinshi.
Urupfu
Ibyago, byagaragaye numugabo mumyaka yashize ubuzima bwera, bwasabye ubuzima bwa demokarasi kandi ikagabanya ibinyabuzima bishaje. Muri 429 mbere ya Yesu Ns. Nyuma y'amatora ataha, ingamba z'Abagereki nizera muri make ejo hazaza hayo.
Dukurikije ibisobanuro bya Lutackorcorch, kuruhande rwurupfu kubwimpamvu zitazwi, umenyereye kandi inshuti zateraniye ku buriri bwa politiki yubahwa. Bavuze ku byerekeye amategeko ye n'umuyobozi, ibyago byabo byari bimaze guhabwa amaboko y'imana n'ubusa.