Ubuzima
Byemezwa ko kwirwanaho kwa se mubucuruzi bw'umugabo. Ariko intambara ikomeye yo gukunda igihugu ya Matrena Wolkaya, kwizera Andrinova, Zinaida Portorova ... ibyo bintu byoroshye kandi bitonda abagore bakijije abantu bahagaze, bagiye mubwenge kandi bihanganira uruzitiro rwintambara kandi rwihanganira urugamba rwintambara. Yagize uruhare mu ntsinzi ikomeye n'umurire w'ikilometero y'ikilot Litvak, Lilia yera ya Lilia Staliadrad. Yatsindiye intsinzi nini mu ntambara zo mu kirere mu mateka y'indege zirwanya. Umutwe w'intwari y'inzego z'Abasoviyeti zahawe ubutwari.Mu bwana n'urubyiruko
Lidiya Vladimirovna LitVaka yavutse ku ya 18 Kanama 1921 i Moscou, umurwa mukuru wa RSFR. Ubwenegihugu, umuderevu afatwa nkuburusiya, ariko hari ibitekerezo mubyukuri ari Umuyahudi ukizana.
Mu myaka ya za 1920 na 1930, abantu bose barose mu kirere. Ibikorwa byahumetswe na Alexander Tashkin, Valery Chkalov na George Baidova, abasore n'abakobwa bihutiye kwinjira muri AeroClubs. Lydia LitVaka ntabwo yatangaje. Mu myaka 15, yabanje kwicara ku ruziga.
Ubuhanga bwo gutegura litvian mumashuri abigisha b'ishuri. Kureka ibihe bya Moscou - mu 1937, se, Vladimir Leontievich, yakandamijwe arasa. Nk'uko abahanga mu by'amateka babivuga, kwamagana byari ibinyoma. Ariko umuderevu, birashoboka ko yatesheje amateka ateye inkeke.
Lidiya yihutiye kugera imbere yintambara ikomeye yo gukunda igihugu. Ariko yabwiwe ati: "Intambara ni urubanza rw'umugabo." Ibintu byarahindutse mu Kwakira 1941, igihe imwe mu ntwari za mbere z'Abasoviyeti, Flayer-Navigator Marina Svalova, yashinzwe indege 3 z'abagore. Litloyak yagombaga gufata amasaha 100 yo kuguruka kumurongo umwe muribo.
Duhereye kuri iyi, intwari, ariko akarenga gato ya biography yumuzungu wa lilija stalialrad yatangiye.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Muri Gashyantare 1943, Lidiya Lilidiya yarakubiswe. Ubutaka bwabazwe ku karere k'abanzi. Abashitsi bagerageje gufata umuderevu, ariko arasa kandi yiyongera mu murima. Lilia yera stalialrad yadusezeraho ubuzima kandi yibanda ku makarito yo kwisiga wenyine.Alexey Frolovich Solomatin yaje gutabara. Umuderevu w'ingabo wafunguye abafashiya, abahatira kwihisha, ashyira indege ye kuri "inda" gufata Lidiya. Uyoboye kandi ukunde.
Lidia Lidia Lituwaniya na Alexey Solomatina yahise akoraho kandi agahinda. Ariko urubyiruko rwashoboye kurongora mbere yuko impanuka yindege iba. Ku ya 21 Gicurasi 1943, Intwari y'Abasoviyeti yapfuye imbere y'abakunzi bakundwa kandi ariruka. Yari afite imyaka 22.
Feat
Kugeza mu 1942 Littlia LitVon yakubise uruta inzoga 6 ya Fashiste. Kubutwari, bigaragarira mu ntambara, umuderevu yahawe uburenganzira bwo gukoresha ibimenyetso bitandukanye murwanyi.
Kuva mu bwana, umukobwa ntiyakunda izina rye bwite. Yamusabye guhamagara lili cyangwa lili gusa. Kuva hano na radiosal yacyo - "Lilia-44" (Ukurikije andi makuru, "Lilia yera"). Kuri nyagasani h'indege ya flair "indabyo za bloomed, kandi bidatinze umukobwa abona witonda, ariko izina ryintwari ni lilia yera.
Ku ya 23 Gashyantare 1943, Litvakov yatanze igihembo cya mbere cyo kurwanira - gahunda yinyenyeri itukura.
Byasaga nkaho nta kabuza bishobora kuzana umutimanama wera mu ntambara. Ku ya 22 Gicurasi 1943, byakomeretse bidafite ubusumba. Nubwo bimeze, umuderevu yazanye umurwanyi wahujwe. Yoherejwe mu bitaro, hanyuma - murugo, gukira. Ariko nyuma yibyumweru 2 gusa, Lidiya yongeye kwizirika mu kirere.
Ku ya 18 Nyakanga 1943, amezi 2 nyuma y'urupfu rwa Alexei Soomatiya, Licovyak yatakaje umukobwa mwiza wa Catherine Budanov kurugamba. Abakobwa barwanye n'abarwanyi ba fashiste muri couple, kandi Umuzungu wa Lilia Staliarad yashoboye gutoroka. Muri ibyo, Flyir yari ku rugamba. Ntiyigeze aburanira igihugu. Yihorera kubakunzi nabakunzi.
Imbaraga zanyuma za Lidiya LitVaka yakozwe imbere ya Mius. Ku ya 1 Kanama 1943, yagurutse inshuro enye kugira ngo arwanye umwanzi. Byakemuwe Indege 2, kimwe - mumatsinda. Mu gihe cya 4, ntiyigeze asubira inyuma.
Rimwe mu mwaka nigice cyintambara ikomeye yo gukunda igihugu, Lifttwiak yakoze 168 kurwana mu kirere. Kuri konte yayo, intsinzi 12 na 4 nyinshi - nkigice cyitsinda. Umugati wera wa lilia ufatwa nkumugore wumurwango utanga umusaruro.
Urupfu
Dukurikije kwibuka mu gihe cy'aho, Ibyinshi muri Lidiya byose byatinyaga ikuzimu. Ariko ibyo byabaye. Ku ya 1 Kanama 1943 mu mpande za 4 n'iya nyuma y'urugamba hejuru ya Mius imbere, hazaburiwe indege yera ya Lilija Stalialran mu bicu kandi ntikigaruka. Yakomeje iminsi 17 mbere ye kumunsi w'amavuko 22.Abakomanda b'akacunga 73 bashinzwe indege z'indege bashinzwe indege basaba kugereranya Litdia Littrak kugeza ku mutwe w'intwari muri Leta y'Ubumwe bw'Abasoviyeti. Ariko icyemezo cyasubitswe. Abahanga mu by'amateka batanga ibi bisobanuro bike.
Bamwe bavuga ko ubuhamya, nk'uko Lisayike yasimbutse akoresheje parasute avuye mu ndege yabereye maze afata abashishikarije. Abandi bavuga ko ku mutwe w'Abasoviyeti wabuze. Inzira imwe cyangwa indi, Lilia yera ya Shite Stalialrad nyuma yo guhabwa Inyenyeri ya Zahabu ku ya 5 Gicurasi 1990.
Lydia LitVov yavumbuye imyaka 26 nyuma yo guhanuka kwa Kozhevny hamwe na dosiye ya Donetsk. Ku ya 29 Nyakanga 1969, ibisigazwa bye byatwitswe mu mva ya kivandimwe. Mu ndege ye ya nyuma, Umuzungu wa Liliya Stalialrad yagiye nta kwerekana ibimenyetso, niko byakomeje nk '"flair itazwi."
Gusa mu 1971, moteri ishakisha zo mu karere ka Lukansk basanze Litedia yari ifite ibinyoma mu mva ya kivandimwe. Ibisigazwa byasubitswe. Muri Nyakanga 1988, hari isahani itazibagirana na retalia yumuderevu wintambara namafoto inyuma yibicu.
Ugushyingo 1988, Lidiya Litvak yagize uruhare mu rupfu: "Yapfuye igihe yakoraga umurimo wo kurwana ku ya 1 Kanama 1943."
Kwibuka
- Kuva akivuka na mbere yo kuva imbere yintambara ikomeye yo gukunda igihugu, Lildia yabaga mu nzu nimero 14/19 ku muhanda. NovoSlobordskaya i Moscou. Muri Werurwe 2019, icyapa cyo kwibuka hamwe nishusho yumuringa cya flayeri cyashyizwe ku munsi.
- Inzibutso z'intwari y'inzego z'Abasoviyeti nazo zishyirwaho muri ray itukura imbere ya Gymnasium No 1, mu karere ka Volgorode (ku butaka bwa volgope. bw'Akarere ka Gisirikare y'Amajyepfo).
- Ibikorwa bya Lilia yera ya Lilia Stalialrad bidapfa muri Filime na Politiki y'Ubuhanzi. "Umuhanda wibuka" (1979), "abarwanyi" (2013), "lili).