"Inzozi", zashizwe mu bumenyi "iminsi icyenda y'umwaka umwe", "Quardmentaire" iscisme isanzwe "- izi nandi firime zisanzwe zagumyeho igihe kirekire mu kwibuka abari aho bikabije. Kandi mu banyeshuri be, benshi bageze ku burebure bwinshi mu murima: Tarkovsky, Shurkshin, Mikhalkov, Konchalkov, Konchalkov, Konchalovsky na Misa y'abandi.
24 Mutarama 2021 yujuje imyaka 120 kuva kumunsi, nkuko Mikhail Romm yavutse. Ku bisobanuro byamatsiko yubuzima bwite hamwe na biografiya yumuyobozi - mubikoresho 24Cmi.
1. Umuhanzi umpinduramatwara
Mikhail romm impano ya mbere igaragara mumyaka yishuri. Nibyo, iryo jambo muri kiriya gihe ntiryari kuri sinema - Ikiza kizaza n'Umuyobozi mu myaka yo kwiga muri Gymnasium na Sculprings, gushushanya ibishushanyo mw'ibumba.Kubona impano yumuhungu, ababyeyi be bo mu mukunzi we basabwe kwibwira bakomeza kwiteza imbere bamaze gukomeza kubitsa. Gukodesha Inama Njyanama, umusore yaje nyuma y'imikino ngororamubiri ku ishuri rya Moscou yo gushushanya, gushushanya no kubanga. Icyakora, ikigo cy'uburezi nticyarangije, kugenzura umubare wa Bolsheviks mu mpinduramatwara ya Ukwakira.
2. na none kumeza
Mu 1921 gusa, nyuma yo kurangiza drone y'impimbano, mu myaka ya Mikhail yakoraga ku butegetsi butukura kandi yishora mu kwambura ibyatsi n'ibicuruzwa biva mu gisirikare, na serivisi mu gisirikare, Romm yakomeje kwiga. Noneho mubuhanga bwibishushanyo byamahugurwa meza yubuhanzi.
Dukurikije ibisobanuro by'umuyobozi w'ejo hazaza, bwa mbere mu kigo ntirwigishaga ibintu byuburezi rusange, kandi buri munyeshuri yatsinze ko roho yishimiye. Gusa ku masomo aheruka yatangiye kugaragara mu barimu, ibyo abanyeshuri batangiye kugaragara. Byongeye kandi, kugenzura kuva hejuru y'urubyiruko, byagaragaye mu mwuka w'impinduramatwara, babanza kubanza kwigaragaza biteye ubwoba bya bureauccy, bose baherutse barwana nabantu bose.
3. Reba Nshya
Mubyukuri, ni mugihe cyabanyeshuri, Mikhail Romm maze ahitamo kugerageza imbaraga ze mubindi byerekezo byiterambere ryiterambere. Impamvu yacyo yari igishusho kitatsinzwe - kwishushanya wenyine cyakozwe mu gice gihamye cya pinusi ku imurikagurisha ry'ikirusiya ndetse n'inganda ryakozwe mbere na gato mu 1923, ntabwo ryakunze Umuremyi.Uku kutanyurwa no kwatsindira ko Romm yatangiye kwitondera cyane ku buryo atabigaragaza, ariko gukora, shingiro ry'amatako na filmosurai, byatangiye kugerageza nk'umwanditsi kandi bishora mu buhinduzi bw'amahanga mu kirusiya.
4. Inganda
Bivugwa ko, mu myaka ya 30 yo mu kinyejana cya nyuma, Mikhail yaje gufata icyemezo cyo kwiteranya ibyayo, yahuye na firime - yahuye na firime - Aburamu, wari mu gihembwe cy'ikinyejana gikuru kuruta cinetogracefer nshya. Umuyobozi w'inararibonye yadusabye akabari k'icyatsi kugira ngo afate iryo teka, "ku buryo batitiranyije." Mikhail yashubije gutanga ko azakora imbaraga zose kugira ngo ibyo bitabaye.
Kandi abato kugirango bagere kuntego baratsinze - nubwo waba wibagiwe kugereranya umubare wibihembo bitandukanye, wibukwa nabari aho, izina ryumukunzi bifitanye isano cyane na nyir'umusore.
Birasekeje ko kenshi kubera umwimerere wizina rusange, abo mu gihe cyacu, niba wemera inkuru zisaba moteri zishakisha, uwitiranya imeri ya Alexander - Umuyobozi wa Saleander ya Saleander ya Fair.
5. Biraremereye mu Kwigisha
Ubuhanzi bwo kwandika inyandiko Mikhail Romm yafashe uburyo bigoye, nuko numwimerere. Umusore inshuro eshatu arebye ibishushanyo bihendutse, yibuka umwete yibuka ibibaye kuri ecran. Nyuma yibyo, inshuro nyinshi inzira isanzwe kumeza yo kuzenguruka, kwandika ibyanditswe bidafite inzira ya kabiri nigikorwa cyuzuye cya buri kintu. Gusa nyuma yubwo bushakashatsi, Romm yafashe kwandika ibya mbere.6. Imiterere
Kuvuga Data, Mikhail Romm yibukije ko Ilya Maksimovich yatandukanijwe no gukubita umuntu wajyanywe muri Siberiya mu bikorwa by'impinduramatwara, ineza. Iyi mico yimico yari kuri Romma-Serning yavuzwe cyane. Iyanyuma niyo isazi yiziritse kumpapuro zidasanzwe zifatika, zitanga ibanga ryumugore we, kwemeza kujya ahandi hantu kandi ntikigaruke.
Mikhail IlIch yamenyesheje ko ineza ituruka ku babyeyi cinemandograpro yarazwe byuzuye. Ariko, nubwo ibintu bisa nkibisanzwe kandi bya lisansi, umuyobozi ukiri muto, uwo abakinnyi bafashwe basuzugura amahano, bari bafite ubushake buhagije bwo kuzana gahunda kuri platifomu yo kurasa no kwinjizamo kubaha umuntu.
7. Gukunda
Kugeza igihe Romm yabayeho n'umugore we yakundaga cyane, Elena Kuzmin, inama yakozwe muburyo runaka ikekeraje impeshyi ya Voroshilov.
Inkoko yingabo zabonye filime y'Abanyamerika "yatakaje irondo", kurasa na John Ford. Kandi igitekerezo cyafashe umuriro - muri USSR, birasabwa gukuraho ikintu gisa nacyo, ariko muburyo bwabo no hafi yumutabiro wumugabo.
Kaseti cumi n'itatu, ivuga guhangana cyane na bay'amakimbirane make y'ikipe itukura Banda Basmachi, bashinzwe Romma. Uruhare rw'abagore ku ishusho no gukora Kuznetsov, waje kuba umugore w'umuyobozi. Abashakanye ntibigeze bavuka ku bana babo, ariko umukobwa wa Elena wo mu ishyingiranwa rya mbere - Natalia - SinemaTryographer yazamutse nk'aho kavukire. Kandi umukobwa ubwe ntiyigeze ashidikanya ko Mikhail Romm ari, kandi hariho papa nyayo.