Ubuzima
VYHANOLAV SHISHKOV ni umwanditsi w'Abasoviyeti, Umwanditsi w'amakadiri n'ibitabo by'imyaka, ahabwa ibihembo bya Leta, imidari y'icyubahiro n'amabwiriza. Ibikorwa byiza byubuvanganzo muburyo bwa realismasitiste byashizweho mugitangira na hagati ya 1920-1930.Mu bwana n'urubyiruko
VYHANOLAV Shishkov yavukiye i Bezhetsk ku ya 3 Ukwakira 1873 mu iduka rinini rikize cyane mu bipimo n'umucuruzi. Sogokuru Dmitry Alekseevich yari nyir'ubutunzi wari umukire washakanye n'umutungo w'abapfumu wareze se w'umwanditsi.
Nkumwana, icyubahiro nabandi bana bayobowe na nyina, numuyobozi wumuryango wabuze umunsi wose mubucuruzi. Nimugoroba, ifunguro rya nimugoroba abagize izina bagiye kumva inkuru zerekeye ibibazo by'intara nimugoroba.
Muri wikendi, sogokuru na nyirakuru birukanye abakomoka ku itorero ryaho, hanyuma nyina na bashiki bacu barimo gutegura kuki. Abahungu basaga amatsiko igihe se yagarukaga ku kazi ke yafunguye ibitabo n'ibikoresho n'amadeni yanditse.
Mu minsi y'amasoko, abana bakuze bafashaga ababyeyi babo mu iduka ry'ubucuruzi, umunsi wa chishov watangiye mo kabiri mu gitondo cya gatanu. Kurekurwa, VYYLYLAV hamwe n'abavandimwe bagendaga ku kibanza cyo hagati mu mujyi bareba agasanduku na shobuja bakoze.
Mfite imyaka 7, umwanditsi w'ejo hazaza yahawe umwanya munzu yabashyitsi, ariko nyuma yumwaka, icyiciro cya Cozy cyasigaye kubera ingorane zamafaranga. Kuba umunyeshuri usanzwe mu ishuri ry'umujyi wa Bezhetsky, yashimishijwe n'ubuzima bw'abahagarariye imbaga.
Abigisha bakuruye impano karemano ya Shishkov, inkuru y'abana "impyisi" yahawe icyubahiro no guhindaguhiza ishimwe ryo hejuru. Ariko rero, mu gutsimbarara ku babyeyi, VYYRALLAV yongeye kwaguka mu kubaka kandi, yiyandikisha mu kigo cy'amashuri Evalo - cyangwa umurongo nticyanditse.
Umuyobozi w'ishami rya tekiniki yashyigikiraga umunyeshuri mushya, mu masomo ya mbere, kavukire ya Bezhetsk yakiriye buruse - amafaranga 10. Nkuko Ubwubatsi bwa Shishkov muri Nizhny Novgorod, yakoze urugomero, hanyuma mu Ntara ya Vologda yagize uruhare mu gutwika inzira yamazi.
Mu mpera z'imyaka 1894, VYYLAV yimukiye mu karere ka Tomsk maze aba umutekinisiye wa Taiga. Kwitabira ingendo za siyansi ku mugezi Irtysh, OB na Lena, yarasaga n'ibipimo mubihe bikonje na Purgi.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Ibyerekeye ubuzima bwite bwa VYRALLAV Yakovlevich Ntibizwi, hari amakuru yerekeye abagore batatu badegejwe, kubwimpamvu zitandukanye zidafite abana. Mu busore bwe, umwanditsi ntiyari kujya mu mibanire yemewe.Bukwi na bukwi, Anna Ivanovna Ashlova yagaragaye kuri horizone ye - urugendo rure ruto ruva mu mugaragaro yo muri AristoC. Nyuma yimyaka ibiri nyuma yubukwe, abashyingiranywe baratandukanye, kuko Shishkova yashimishijwe ningendo nibikorwa.
Umugore wa kabiri w'uko Bezhetsk yari umusemuzi wa Kseni Zhinka, yasohoye igitabo cyibuka umugabo ufite impano no kubaho na we. Ariko, nyuma yo guhura numugore ushimishije hamwe numwanditsi Mikhail Borisoglebsky, urukundo rwubukwe rwatatanye.
Mu 1927, VYYRALLAVEVlevich yongeye gushyingirwa, ubukwe bwa nyuma ntabwo bwazanye umunezero wahoze ari ingaragu. Nyuma yundi muzo, umugabo atitaye kuri akundwa kandi mwirungu rwose ryasubiye mumashini yubuvanganzo.
Ibitabo
Muri Siberiya, yahumetswe n'ubwiza bw'imiterere ya Shishkov yatangiye kwandika inkuru, umurimo w'amasederi wasohotse ku mpapuro z'ibinyamakuru bya Tomsk. Nyuma yaho, inoti ninyandiko zatangiye kugaragara aho, aho umwanditsi yasobanuye ibyatangaje ku nzuzi.
Imiterere y'umwanditsi w'umwimerere yashimye Plagory Potoin - Umushakashatsi, Umuvugizi wa Adilamu n'a Elernographe, yateguye ku wa kane uhanga. Abantu bahurira hamwe baganiriye ku ngingo zitandukanye zihangayikishijwe nigihe cya kure cyubwenge.
Mu nama, VYYRALLAVEVOVLEVICH yize abantu bo mu mutwe, hanyuma yampaye intwari hamwe n'ibiranga abanzi n'inshuti. Birashoboka rero ko ikusanyiriza hamwe nibitabo "isumba byose" na "Kralya" byateje inyungu abanenga kandi bita kubuhanzi bwabantu.
Nkumushakashatsi, Shishkov yakoraga kumushinga winzira ihanyuze, ubuyobozi bwomwohereje mu rugendo rwakazi mu ishami ryimihanda minini. Amaze gusura Petersburg, inzobere yahuye na Legerim Gorky, nyuma yo kwerekana imirimo y'abagabo, ibiganiro byatangiye.
Mu mbaraga z'umwanditsi uzwi cyane w'ibice "hepfo" n '"abana b'izuba", VYYRALLAV yatangiye kuzigarwa mu Burusiya, gukusanya ibikoresho by'ubuvanganzo. Nyuma ya Revolution ya Bolshevik, kavukire yintara ya Tver yatekereje kubijyanye nakazi ka documentaire ishoboye kurwanya umusomyi uwo ari we wese.
Mu mpera za 20, Sheishkov yakemuwe hafi ya Mutagatifu Petersburg, aho yanditse inkuru "Undeature" na miniature icumi y'ubuzima. Byongeye kandi, yavuze urutonde rw'amateka "Vataga", aho intambara yera n'inzibuse yerekanwe nta fagitire.
Kuva kera, PADAAAI yahangayikishijwe n'ubuzima bwa Siberiya, hagati ya 1933 yarangije igitabo "Ugyum". Nyuma yo gusuzuma neza na Sinemati engiopigrapfers nini, imirimo yubugarambayi yagumye mumateka ibinyejana byinshi.
Ubuzima bwabanjirije kwimukira mu murwa mukuru w'amajyaruguru w'Uburusiya yagaragaye mu cyegeranyo cya Chui ndetse no mu nyandiko zitari nke z'ubuvanganzo. Hamwe nukuri gufotora, umwanditsi yasobanuye ko akubera akubera, gukemura abantu nyamukuru muri strip ya Taiga.
Insanganyamatsiko yimigenzo yabantu ya Siberiya yakomeje mu gitabo "Scalt Surtabo" na diariation byatangajwe nyuma y'Intambara ya Kabiri y'Isi Yose. Nyuma y'uko umwanditsi yiruka mu mukozi wubwubatsi, Beshkov yatekereje ku mirimo y'intwari z'abakozi z'igihugu.
Inzu muri BIBLIOGRAFIYA YAKORA NYUMA YO GUHINDUKA "URUGENDO RUGENDE" - "Khrenovinka" na "imikorere mu mudugudu". Gukora ubuzima bwabantu, umwanditsi yerekanye impano yo gusetsa.
Urupfu
Mu gihe cy'intambara, VYYRAVELAVEVlevich yakoraga muri Lenzese y'imbere, yanditse inyandiko z'imbere mu binyamakuru bisanzwe. Ubuzima, bwuzuye ubwoba no kwamburwa, byagize ingaruka ku buzima bw'umubiri, ariko Shishkov akomeza kumenya urumuri rwizize n'amakuru y'ingenzi.
Mu gihe babaye, umwanditsi yakoze urucacagu rw'amateka y'amateka, bagombaga kwita muri Emelyan Pugachev. Nyuma yo kurekurwa mu gitabo cya mbere, abahanga babishinzwe bashimishijwe cyane ku buryo amagambo ibihumbi n'ibihumbi ashimishije.
Kubwamahirwe, kubera urupfu kuberako atatangajwe, umwanditsi ntabwo yari afite umwanya wo gushyiraho igitabo kivuga kuri Ruffer yo mu Burusiya. Mu ntangiriro za Werurwe 1945, imva ku irimbi rya Novodevichy ryakusanyije abo mu buzima bw'umwanditsi baganira neza.
Kwibuka
- Kushya giheruka, wakomeje kuba yarahawe igihembo nyuma y'igihembo, akibuka uwatsinze igihembo cya Staliniste mu mujyi wa Bezhetsk, yafunguye inzu ndangamurage. VYYLAVELAV Yakovlevich Izina ryakiriwe Umuhanda Mu gusunika, hamwe na Ubwato bw'abagenzi ku nzuzi za Lena na Yenisei.
- Nyuma y'intambara mu midugudu, ibishusho n'ibibuga by'umwanditsi byagaragaye, mu rwego rwo guha icyubahiro yashinze buruse kubanyeshuri bagaragaje ubuhanga bwo kubworozi. Muri Shishkov mukundwa, Urals yakoze ibintu bya geografiya, umwe muribo yari inzira, ahindukirira inzira ya Chuy.
Bibliografiya
- 1908 - "imyerezi"
- 1916 - Taiga
- 1916 - "Umugani wa Siberiya"
- 1923 - "Vataga"
- 1924 - "Kwishura Ikiyaga"
- 1930 - "Underers"
- 1932 - "Uruzi rwa Ugryom"
- 1942 - "Izina ry'ubwibone"
- 1945 - "Emelyan Pugachev"