RomasPierre - Ifoto, Ubuzima, Ubuzima Bwantu, Bitera Urupfu, Impinduramatwara y'Abafaransa

Ubuzima

Russespierre menshi ni impinduramatwara y'Abafaransa kandi umunyapolitiki. Yagize uruhare runini muri revolution nini y'Abafaransa. Mu gushyigikira ihirikwa ry'ubwami no kubanga kwa Repubulika, Romaspierre yavukiyemo komine y'inyeshyamba.

Mu bwana n'urubyiruko

Izina ryuzuye rya Revolution - Maximilian Marie Isidore de Robiespierre. Yavukiye muri Arras ku ya 6 Gicurasi 1758. Se yari umunyamategeko ushinzwe umurage, na nyina - umukobwa w'ubwonko. Umuhungu abaye umwana mukuru mumuryango, aho abana bane bane bagaragaye nyuma. Mu 1764, akimara kubyara, umuragwa wa gatanu warapfuye, na nyuma y'ibyumweru bibiri na nyina ubwe.

Mu 1766, Romaspier-Sr. Yavuye mu muryango ava mu Bufaransa. Maximilian hamwe na murumuna we Augusten yari ashishikajwe na sekuru ku murongo w'ababyeyi, maze bashiki ba bashiki bacu bajya kwa nyirasenge. Umuhungu yabaye umunyeshuri wa Aller Arras. Sogokuru yegamiye ko umwuzukuru agomba guhambira ubuzima bufite imiyoboro, byazana kwinjiza. Ariko iherezo rya Romaspierre ryateje imbere ukundi.

Intsinzi ye mubushakashatsi bwabo yakunze kwitabwaho nabagenzi bakomeye. Kanonik Eme yasabye Maxmilian, kandi yakiriye buruse ya Saint-Vas Abbey, igizwe na livres 450. Umusore yoherejwe i Paris, muri Louis ya Louis. Ubukungu bwumusore bwari bubi: abavandimwe ntibashoboraga kumufasha. Ariko yabaye umunyeshuri mwiza wamasomo akomeye. RomasPierre yari azi ikilatini neza, Ikigereki, rotoric kandi yakundaga kera.

Guhitamo umwuga w'ejo hazaza, Maxmilian yahisemo Insiudeprince. Nyuma yo guhabwa impaka za Sorbonna no kuba iburyo bwa bachelor, muri 1781 Romaspierre yahawe uruhushya. Izina rye rya nyuma ryashyizwe mu gitabo cy'abavoka w'inteko ishinga amategeko ya Paris.

Ubuzima Bwihariye

Romaspierre ukundwa yari Umunyagomepierre yari Eleanor Dupla, se wacyo kuva kera atanga umunyamategeko. Ubucuti n'ubumwe mu bitekerezo bya politiki byaranze intangiriro yubucuti bwurukundo.

Umusatsi umwe umenyerewe yavuze ko Maximilian yakoze umukozi kumukobwa, abandi barabihakana. Ibyo ari byo byose, urubanza ntirugeze mu bukwe naho bombi ntibari bafite abana.

Eleanor yarokotse abakundwaga imyaka 38 kandi kugeza igihe ubuzima bwe burangiye, kandi ntarongora.

Impinduramatwara y'Abafaransa

Tumaze kwinjira mu Nama y'abunganira abanyamategeko mu nama ya Arto, Romaspierre yashishikajwe cyane na politiki. Mu 1789, yari mu badepite 12 ba Arras bakoraga muri leta rusange. Kuva mu Ntara idakunda Maximilian yahindutse umuvugizi. Ku ya 1789, yavuze disikuru 69, kandi muri 1791 - bimaze 328.

Guhinduka Umuziki mu 1789, Umufaransa yaje kuba umugome cyane. Gushyigikira ibitekerezo bya Rene Russo, yanenze ivugurura ry'ubushakashatsi. Kugirango porokaganda ya demokarasi n'ubudahemuka ku mahame ya Romaspierre yakiriye izina ridashobora kubora. Nyuma yo gusesa kw'Inteko ishinga amategeko mu 1791, yabaye umushinjacyaha mu rukiko mpanabyaha kandi akomeza kubaka umwuga usanzwe i Paris. Umunyapolitiki yarwanyije intambara na Otirishiya, atekereza gusa n'imbaraga za Polisi gusa, ariko yari muke.

Impinduramatwara yari mu baremwe indahiro y'abadepite b'urwego rwa gatatu. Yagize uruhare mu gutegura imenyekanisha ry'uburenganzira bwa muntu, ndetse n'Itegeko Nshinga ryo 1791. Gukurura iseswa ry'igihano cy'urupfu, Romaspierre ntiyabonye inkunga mu badepite. Muri iki gihe, Abafaransa bari hasi bajya muri Otiririya imbere, abasirikare bamwe bimukiye ku ruhande rw'uwo bahanganye, ikizere ku bubasha cyaracishijwe bugufi.

Ishimwe rya Batty Amashusho

Mu kinyamakuru "Urengera Itegeko Nshinga", umunyapolitiki yanditse ko igihugu gisaba impinduramatwara. Muri Kanama 1792, kwigomeka kwabaye. Maximilian yinjiye muri komini ya Paris, hanyuma agahirwa mu ikoraniro ryerekeye par hamwe na George Jacques Dayn. Gatangira rero imikorere ya Girondo. Umuyobozi w'Abazoniniya n'abantu be bahuje ibitekerezo bizeraga ko abatavuga rumwe na bo bifuza kugarura ubwami. Mu gihe cy'itumba cya 1792ndspierre yazungurutse kurangiza Louis XVI idafite urubanza. Umwami yiciwe muri galine.

Abazininiya bagiye muri Rapprochement hamwe na Sannyated, baca baciye inkunga idasanzwe mu izina ry'igice. Isezerano ryemeje itegeko ryerekeye ishyirwaho ry'igiciro cyagenwe, maze Robespierre yandikiwe ashyigikiye komini ya Paris. Gicurasi 1793 yaranzwe no kwimuka aho abashasi babuze. Inferekere yabo yatakaje ubwigomeke bwa federal, bwazanye urupfu rwa Yakobo Jean-umurima Marat.

Akajagari kamanje mu gihugu, kandi ikigo cyiyemeje gutegura imbaraga imbere ya komite, ibaha imbaraga nini. Romasfatierre yinjiye muri komite y'agakiza, agena vector nkuru ya revolution. Kurwanya dehristalisation no kutemera Imana, yabaye uwo bahanganye Danton n'abayoboke be bizeraga ko iterabwoba rishobora guhagarikwa.

Umukozi wa Revolution, umuyobozi we yabonye iyubakwa rya societe nshya, ishingiro ryimico nidini rya Repubulika. Gusenga ibiremwa byose, yasobanuye mu mvugo ya software. Romaspierre yabonaga iterabwoba nigikoresho cyonyine cyo kugera kuntego.

Intambara irangiye na Otirishiya yemeye ko Itegeko Nshinga ry'Itegeko nshinga ryo kugirana mu bikorwa. Ubu Ubufaransa bwategekaga ibigo by'amategeko. Komite zasheshwe, kandi abayobozi bagarukiraga ku rwego rw'itegeko nshinga. Romaspierre yatangije uruhare rwa leta mu musaruro mu gutera inkunga no kugenzura umusaruro wibicuruzwa. Ibikorwa byintoki byasimbuwe buhoro buhoro imashini. Ku izuba rirenga mu bikorwa bye, igihugu cyagaruwe nyuma y'ikibazo cy'ubukungu cyimyaka 10.

Muri gahunda ya Yakobo, iryo koraniro ryamaganaga kubuza ubwisanzure bw'amadini, ariko nanone bwumvikane n'itorero ku muco mu buryo bw'umuco w'ikirenga, ntiyagezeho. Ubufaransa bwakomeje kubaho. Ibi byatumye habaho sisitemu yuburezi, guteza imbere ukundi mu itorero, gutandukana nuburwayi bumuntu nubuhanga hamwe nibindi bisobanuro mu bijyanye n'ubuhanzi na siyansi.

Muri Kamena 1794, Amategeko yagiranye n'imbaraga, arimo igihano cyo guhangana n'imyitwarire ya republika. Romaspierre yakoraga igihano cya bagenzi ba Danton, hanyuma atangiza igikorwa cyubaha imico yikirenga. Aba bakekwa ntibabonye uburinzi n'inkunga, kandi ibyamamare bya Romaspierre byaguye. Iterabwoba rinini rero, aho igitugu cya Yakobo cyahungabanijwe.

Ku ya 27 Nyakanga, nyuma yo guhirika 9 kuri The Tirmidore (muri Kalendari ya Repubulika), abantu b'impinduramatwara), abantu bahuje ibitekerezo kandi bahuje ibitekerezo baza mu rukiko. Kurwanya byagaragaye ko bidafite akamaro, kandi abitabiriye amahugurwa igihe inyeshyamba zategereje gufatwa. Bitewe n'ubugambanyi, batangajwe hanze y'amategeko. Romaspier ya Maxmilian yagiye muri rusange.

Urupfu

Nyakanga 28, 1794 Romaspierl yarapfuye. Impamvu y'urupfu niyo irangizwa rya Guillotine. Iruhande rwe hari abantu 20 na murumuna na murumuna we. Mubitabo byerekeranye n'amateka yo mu Bufaransa, bandika ko guhera kuri iyi kanya kugwa kw'impinduramatwara ikomeye y'Abafaransa.

Igishushanyo cya Romaspierre ubu cyacapishijwe mubitabo, guhamagara ishusho ivuguruzanya yicyo gihe. Imva z'ishusho ntizibaho, ariko muri Paris Pantheon mu cyubahiro cyerekana igishusho.