Ubuzima
Umuhanzi wumunyamerika Richard imyaka 70 yakomeje kuba umuco wa pop. Yiswe Udushya, Umuremyi na se w'urutare kubera umuziki w'amarangamutima n'umuziki w'inzoka, wagize uruhare runini mu gushyiraho amarangamutima atari urutare no kuzunguruka, harimo n'ubugingo, harimo n'ubugingo na Funk. Yagerageje Paul McCartney na Elvis Presley, Kurandurwa mu mahame ya muzika. Kubikorwa nkibi byagezweho, bike byabaye umwe mubaririmbyi ba mbere, udapfa muri salle yicyubahiro urutare no kuzunguruka.Mu bwana n'urubyiruko
Richard Wayne Laniman yavukiye muri Mason, Jeworujiya, ku ya 5 Ukuboza 1932. Ni kimwe cya gatatu cyabana 12 Leva Mai (muri Stuart yakinaga) na Charles Penimar. Amazina make Richard, waje kuba umwiyemerere uhanga, agaragara mubana kubera umubiri wijimye.
Ababyeyi ba Litla Richard bababajwe cyane n'abigaragambyaga. Ariko icyarimwe, Charles Peniman, kuba umudimana, yarimo club nijoro kandi yishora mu bubiko mu mategeko yumye. Iyobokamana ryashimishijwe cyane na gato. Yakundaga cyane cyane ishyaka rya pentekote kugirango bakundane umuziki.
Abahanzi b'Imana kandi biryoshye nibigirwamana byambere bya litla Richard. Akiri umwana, Joe Mei, Rosette Tarp, Mahalia Jackson, Marialill Williams, Marion Williams yamuteye inkunga yo kumenya icyo Alt-saxomophone, n'ubuzima bwo kwitangira kubwiriza.
Nyuma yaho, mu 1970, icyamamare cyari cyahawe abapadiri intoki. Yabikoze yashinzwe gupfa: yakoraga imihango y'ubukwe, inshuti zabomera inshuti na bagenzi bacu bwite ku bukorikori, soma inyigisho. Umva se w'urutare yakusanyijwe rimwe na rimwe abaparuwasi barenga ibihumbi 20. Insanganyamatsiko nyamukuru yinyigisho zayo ni ishyirahamwe ryamoko.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Mu busore bwe, Richard yagerageje mu myambaro y'abagore kandi irangi cyane, inshuti ze n'abakobwa. Imyitwarire nkiyi yateje igitero kuri bagenziga gusa, ahubwo no muri Charles Penimar. Afite imyaka 15, yirukanyo umuhungu mu nzu atiriwe yemera ko ufite imyaka ye.Ku ya 20, umusore yamenye ko akunda kubahiriza ubusambanyi bw'abandi bantu. Kubera ubwoko bwe, umuririmbyi yinjiye muri gereza inshuro nyinshi. Umwe mu bahitanwa na voyeurism we bagarutse Audy Robinson, muri bo Richard yagoretse mu 1956. Muri biografiya ye, umucuranzi yanditse ko akenshi "atamba" inshuti ze kandi yishimira ibintu. ODrey ubwayo, aya magambo yarahakanye.
Mu Kwakira 1957, Richard yahuye n'umugore we uzaza Ernestin Harwin. Ubukwe bwacurangwa ku ya 12 Nyakanga 1959. Nyuma mu kiganiro, umugore yararanze ubuzima bwabo nk'abishimye, "n'imibonano mpuzabitsina isanzwe." Abashakanye ndetse bareze umuhungu Danny Jones.
Mu 1964, Ernestine yatanze ubutane. Yasobanuye icyo cyemezo ku kazi ka Litla Richard, kandi umuririmbyi abonye impamvu mu cyerekezo cye. Audrey Robinson maze ahamagara umugabo mushya Ernestin Campbell yise amagambo y'uwahoze ari umuntu watoranijwe "wenyine.
Umugabo yahise ahindura ibitekerezo byerekeranye na cyerekezo cye. Mu 1995, mu kiganiro na Penthouse, yagize ati: "Nari maze mu gayuhuke ubuzima bwanjye bwose." No mu 2007, mu bikoresho bya Mojo, byihuje ibitsina byombi. Mu Kwakira 2017, mu kirere cy'abamarayika batatu batangaza umuyoboro, umuririmbyi witwa Ntabwo abatishoboye kwigaragaza kw'ikirere "indwara".
Richard yari afite ishingiro izina rye. Uburebure bwe ni cm 178. Ariko umuririmbyi ubwe mu myaka ya za 70 yatinyutse ko byarushaho kumvikana guhamagara Lil kokayine kubera kwishingikiriza cyane ku biyobyabwenge.
Mu myaka ya za 1950, umuhanzi ntabwo yanywa itabi, ntiyafataga inzoga n'ibiyobyabwenge, ariko hagati ya 1960 yarabatijwe n '"ibyatsi" atangira kunywa cyane. Mu 1972, yahinduwe cyane kuri kokayine, naho 1975 - kuri heroine na "umukungugu." Urukurikirane rw'igihombo rwonyine - urupfu rw'umuvandimwe wo mu mutima, iyicwa ry'uwo mwishywa, uwo mucuranzi yakundaga nk'umuhungu kavukire, n'inshuti ebyiri za hafi - ku gahato kwanga kwishingikiriza.
Umuziki
Mu nzira ya Rythm-Amaherezo-Blues Richard yategetse Billy Wright. Igitangaje, umutware w'isahani, nkuko bamuhamagaye muri POP Tusovka, yateje uburyo bwa se wa data. Kurambara "Pompadour", Nkaba bigufi hamwe na Ubwanwa bwa Ikaramu kandi, birumvikana, kwisiga - amafoto yafashwe nishusho ya legenerya.
Tutti Frutti - Ingaragu 1955, zazanye gukundwa na Lila Richard (kimwe na Elvis Presley na Beatles). Yerekanye imico yumuririmbyi - abatuje, bafite imbaraga, bakina. Uku kudahatira kwigarurira n'abanegura, indirimbo yabaye hit. Nkumurongo muremure muremure Sally, Tutti Frutti mubibazo byacitsemojwe na kopi ya kopi ya miliyoni 1.
Mbere yo kugaragara kwa Lila Richard muri Amerika habaye ibitaramo by "abazungu" n'ibitaramo by "umukara". Umuhanzi yemeye kwitomera undi. Rubanda, ariko, rwacitsemo ibice, "umukara" - kuri bkoni, na "umweru" - ku rubyiniro. Richard kandi yerekanye ko abahanzi bafite uruhu rwijimye bashobora gukora muri leta "yera". Nukuri, hamwe nububiko.
Muri firime "Igitabo kibisi" (2018) iki kintu cyakinnye. Don Shirley, imico nyamukuru, nanisha abirabura. Isaha ye Jazz akunda abatuye muri Amerika yose, aratumirwa gutanga ibitaramo, ariko ntukarate, ku meza hamwe na "umweru". Richard gake yahuye nibibazo bimwe. By the way, indirimbo ye Lucille (1957) amajwi muriyi firime.
Album ya Litla Richard, nubwo byari byamamare, ntibyaguye mu mva, bityo, ntibyazanye umuririmbyi w'amafaranga. Hanyuma yanze umuziki ushyigikira idini. Kandi amaradiyo yakomeje kugoreka Tutti frutti kandi, urugero, golly nziza, miss molly (1956). Umugabo yanze amafaranga kuri iyi, urebye urutare no kuzunguruka "Besysky." Mu myaka ya za 1960, yajuririye Ubutumwa bwiza.
Tugarutse kuri "kavukire" kavukire yasunitse kuri beatles hamwe n'amabuye azunguruka yakoraga mu 1962 na 1963. Nyuma, Mig Jagger ati:
"Numvise ko imbaga y'abantu yaguye munsi ya Litla Richard, ariko ikabona ko ari ugukabya. Nkimara kubona n'amaso yanjye, nasanze byose ari ukuri. Richard kuri stage ni inyamaswa umusazi. "Kuva icyo gihe, umuhanzi ntabwo yahinduye urutare no kuzunguruka. Yavuze ko umuziki ari mwiza, rimwe na rimwe ukoreshwa mubibi. Kugeza mu 1979 kugeza mu 1979, igihe umuririmbyi yarimbuye ibiyobyabwenge.
Discography ya Litla Richard ifite alubumu 19 studio hamwe na clips (ahanini za clips (ahanini zanditseho), na firime - imishinga 30. Ubu ni firime zimivi, "Jimmy Hendrix" (1973), hamwe na muzika imbere ya "Ralph King" (1991), aho ibyamamare biririmbira umukinnyi John Gudman.
Hariho imbaraga nyinshi za Litla Richard kubandi bacuranzi. Impano ye yahumetswe na Michael Jackson na Freddie Mercury, Paul McCartney hamwe na George Harrison na Kick Jagner, Patti Smith, Malcolm, Malcolm Young, Tanya Tucker ndetse n'abahanzi ba none bruno mars na aystikal. Urutonde ntiruramba. Umwe wese muri bo yize ikintu muri Richard. Mu karorero kiwe, buri wese muri aba bakoze babaye umugani.
Urupfu
Nubwo urubyiruko rwumuyaga, Richard yabayeho imyaka 87. Yapfiriye ku ya 9 Gicurasi 2020, icyateye urupfu ni ibintu bifitanye isano na kanseri y'amagufwa. Umuhango wo gushyingura wabaye, nubwo haza ingamba zibuza kwandura coronasic. Bateraniye, nubwo ari hafi - umuvandimwe na muvandimwe wumuririmbyi, umuhungu we nabe. Yashyinguwe mu irimbi rya chatsworth, mu gace ka Los Angeles, muri Californiya.Discography
- 1957 - Dore Richard
- 1958 - Gitoya Richard
- 1960 - Senga hamwe na Richard
- 1962 - Umwami w'abaririmbyi ba Gospel
- 1964 - Gihoro Richard yagarutse (kandi hari ikirango cya lyta shakin 'goin' kuri!)
- 1967 - Ishyamba na Frantic Gito
- 1970 - Ikintu kigenda
- 1971 - umwami w'urutare no kuzunguruka
- 1972 - Kuza kwa kabiri
- 1974 - Kuri ubu!
- 1979 - Umujyi mwiza w'Imana
- 1986 - Nshuti Yubuzima
- 1992 - Shake Byose