Amateka y'inyuguti
Barbie ni igipupe cyo muri Amerika, cyaranzwe na revolution mu nganda z'ibicuruzwa by'abana. Ibanga ry'itsinzi ridasanzwe riroroshye: Yagaragaje inzozi z'umukobwa kubyerekeye imyambarire n'ubuzima bw'abakuze.Amateka yo kurema imico
Igikinisho gihagarariye blonde ndende kimera ahantu hose. Na mattel yashyize ahagaragara ubwiza ku isoko, kunororwa mu musaruro w'ibishushanyo bizwi cyane muri Walt Disney cartoons, zimwe mu isanzure ryatangaga n'ibindi byamamare bitandukanye n'abana.
Umuremyi wa Barbie ni uwo mwashakanye wumutwe wa Matel - umukoresha wa Rusi. Kureba umukobwa, umugore yaje gufata umwanzuro ko abana bifuza gukina gusa n'amahuba, ariko kandi bafite ibipupe by'abakuze. Uwo mwashakanye umukoresha wa Elliot yabonye abakobwa bakoresheje moderi yaturutse ku mpapuro, vuga imyenda yabo.
Noneho yari afite igitekerezo cyo gukora abana gucuranga ibintu bakuru. Ukuri gushimishije: Abashakashatsi bemeza ko umushinga wo muri Amerika utari umwimerere, kandi batekereza ku Budage bild lilly by prototype y'ubwiza buhebuje. Biragoye kujya impaka hamwe nibi - Intwari yumuryango ukurambere yatumye hategurwa mbere mu 1952 ku mpapuro z'ikinyamakuru bapfa bild-Zeitung.
Amateka yiyi mico yashushanyije yashingiye kubibazo bisekeje bijyanye numubano wumukobwa hamwe nabatandukanye. Comics yungutse ukunzwe, no mu 1955, iby'umwuka ku mubiri ku ifoto byagaragaye ku biro bishinzwe amaduka - plastike lilly. Iyo ni iyi shusho Rusi yafashe Barbie.
Mu 1959, mattel yaguze uburenganzira bwo kuri lilly. Nyuma, ubuyobozi yavuze ko aya masezerano atari impanuka. Niba kandi yarindaga ikikije Umudage ku bakuze, yari afite amasoko menshi, icyo gihe ibicuruzwa byabanyamerika bihagaze gusa kubakobwa bafite imyaka 3-14.
Nibyo, imizi yakoraga igishushanyo, ntushobora rero kwiga ko intwari ya comics muburyo bwiza. Ibisobanuro bya Barbie ntibisiga amahirwe yo kudasobanuka - Madamu Adler yeguriwe igikinisho umukobwa Barbara.
Amakopi ya mbere yatanzwe muri verisiyo ebyiri - hamwe numusatsi wijimye kandi wumuhondo. Muri kit, himfuit yari ifatanye, imyenda isigaye yagombaga kugurwa ukwayo.
Ku ikubitiro, ibiranga igipupe byari byiza nkana, habaye maquillage nimugoroba. Nyuma yimyaka mike, abakora bagerageje guha umukobwa isura yingimbi.
Noneho, nkigice cyo kwamamaza, ubwiza "bumenyereye" imyuga myinshi. Muri bo, ibyamamare cyane ni: umuhanzi, umuririmbyi, ballerina, nanny na umuforomo. Ingero zidasanzwe zahuye - ibimenyetso by'agateganyo ndetse n'abakandida ba perezida.
Icyamamare cyikirango cyagize uruhare mu gukora ibicuruzwa bifitanye isano - imyenda, ibinyamakuru, ibitabo, statinonery. Byongeye kandi, umukobwa wa pulasitike wabonye umuryango we - Mine, Twiggy, Julia, Franci na Swifeper.
Ishusho na Biography Barbie
Umuremyi wiyi mico ntabwo yatekereje gusa kumwanya wigipupe. Yahaye inkuru ye yemerera abafana gukurikirana ibihe bintu byabaye mu buzima bw'impimbano ku rubuga rwemewe.Barbie ifatwa nk'abakozi ba Wisconsin. Mu muryango yari umwana mukuru. Bidatinze, hamwe n'ababyeyi be, Jeorg na Margaret bimukiye i New York, aho yinjiye mu mashuri mpuzamahanga.
Imiterere yumukobwa yari ifite uruhare runini kandi yinshuti. Kubwibyo, ntabwo yababajwe no kwigunga kandi yabonye inshuti vuba. Atari undi yera amatungo ye - bigaragara ko yari afite byibuze ibiryo 40, birimo inzara n'ibibwana.
Umuyaga ukamwe na nta ngaruka wabujije kurangiza ejo hazaza. Kubera iyo mpamvu, yagerageje inshuro nyinshi mu myuga itandukanye - yabaye veterineri, igisonga, na siporo, ndetse na diplomate.
Mubisanzwe, mubihe byintwari hari ahantu nubusabane bwurukundo. Mu 1961, yahuye na Ken mwiza. Bidatinze, yabaye umukunzi we, kandi iyi ndozi imara imyaka 43. Afatanije n'abatowe, ingendo nziza cyane nziza yakoze, yize kubyina ahinduka umufana wa siporo.
Ariko, nubwo igihe kirekire, ubwo bucuti ntibuganisha ku bashakanye. Umwanya wa Ken, utariteguye intambwe ikomeye wabaye icyaha. Icyemezo cyo gucamo ubumwe budahwitse cyatwaye umukobwa. Ku mugaragaro, abashakanye batangaje ko mu 2004, 12 Gashyantare.
Yakuze, nyamara yahuriye ku mbuga zirasa inshuro zirenze imwe. Nyuma yimyaka 7 nyuma yicyunamo cya Ken kuva kurupapuro rwe muri Facebook yemeye ibyiyumvo kumukunzi kumukundana amusaba gutaha.
Barbie mumakarito nimikino
Amateka ya Intwari aharimwe mu isi ya animasiyo. Ubusanzwe, inyuguti ya mbere yinyuguti yatsinze icyamamare kuri tereviziyo, hanyuma umusaruro wa prototypes yo gukinisha yatangizwa.
Hamwe niyi pulll, ibintu byari bitandukanye. Ubuzima bwayo kuri ecran bwatangiye gusa muri 2001 - mu gishushanyo "barbie na bytcracker". Kuva icyo gihe, firime ya animated zasohotse buri gihe, impuzandengo yimishinga 2-3 kumwaka.
Muri kiriya gihe, "Umukinnyi wa Umukinnyi" wagerageje kuba ballerina, abatata, peri n'intebe. Nabonye imico myiza - ikiyoka, akajagari, kambara, Rafurijel. Ninjiye mu gihugu cy'igihugu ndetse n'urugo rwa Mermaid nkeya, nize Ishuri ry'Ababimikazi, ryazungurukaga Pegasus, ryabaye inyenyeri ya pop.
Ibitekerezo bidasanzwe byintwari ntibihwema kwishimisha abareba bato. Umukobwa uhora agaragara muruhare rumwe. Iyi ni blonde ndende ifite imiterere yumucyo, imico myiza, imyumvire idacogora, indirimbo zo kuririmba zurukundo kandi twizere ko hari ejo hazaza.
Muri iyi shusho, yakinnye muri Francise "inkuru y'ibikinisho", aho yarikinnye. Niba mu bice 2 byambere, uru ruhare rwabaye igice cya kabiri cya Barbie (yavugiye Jody Manson) kubona byinshi kumwanya wa ecran hamwe nahoze yumukunzi Ken.
Mu mikino, intwari yagaragaye mbere kuruta muri televiziyo. Abafana b'ubwiza bwa blonde basenga imipira ye, bamwambika imbohe mu bahiga, bafasha guha ibikoresho inzu, fata ibikoresho, bagende by'imbwa.
Barbie mu bihugu bitandukanye
Nyuma yo kugaragara neza ubwiza bwubwiza bwisoko ryabanyamerika, ibindi bihugu byatoraguye relay, bikuramo ibigereranyo, ntabwo ari munsi yo gukundwa.Kurugero, mu Buyapani, Likka Kayama yabaye. Itariki yemewe yo kuvuka kw'igipupe gifatwa nk'itariki ya 3 Gicurasi 1967. Abanditsi b'igikinisho ni Miyako Maku na Lejji Matsumoto. Ubuzima bwiyi ntwari bufite bike ugereranije igice. Muri icyo gihe, yashoboye kwiga ku ishuri, guhura n'urukundo - doramon.
Mu 2001, Tarara yerekanye inda ya Likku Kayama. Ibikoresho nabyo byagenze ikarita umuguzi ukiri muto yashoboraga kohereza muri sosiyete akanasubiza umwana wavutse.
Mu Bushinwa, Guangdong Kurhn Toys yasohotse igipupe cya Kurhn mu 2004. Isura ye yerekana uburyo bwo mu Bushinwa no kureba. Igikinisho gishimishije gishimishije hamwe nimyitwarire ihanitse, nkuko byavuzwe nabanegura, bigira uruhare muburere bwabakobwa muburyo bwumudamu wukuri.
Mu Burusiya, Kurh ni analogue yo mu kiraro cya Sonya Rose. Aba ni abakobwa ba plastiki basanzwe bashishikajwe nimyambarire nubusabane, ariko bagumana ibiranga umwana wimyaka 14. Ibicuruzwa by'Uburusiya bitandukanijwe no gukabya no gukata chubby. Ingero yihariye itangwa mubyungu hamwe nubukwe.
Mu bihugu byinshi byabayisilamu, harabujijwe ibyamamare byabanyamerika. Ahubwo, abakobwa bagura bisa ningurube zambere ziteza imbere indangagaciro z'amadini. Jamil, Tzazanna na Fulla bambuwe uburyo buhebuje, bambarwa na Tchad cyangwa Hijab.
Scandals
Ibyamamare bidasanzwe bya Barbie byatumye habaho gushushanya. Igikinisho cya plastike cyabaye intego kubanga. Impamvu nziza yo kuvuga ibiganiro yarakaye yabaye ishusho nziza cyane.
Abashakashatsi bashinje "utunganye" muri byose blonde mu gukwirakwiza Bulimiya na anorexia mu rugi. Abakobwa ntibagerageza ku buryo busa niyishoro yubwiza. Ibi biganisha ku cyifuzo cyo kwifuza, muri psychologie ndetse zabonye izina - Barbie Syndrome.
Matel mu 1997 yagiye guhindura isura ya blonde azwi. Rero, ikibuno cya Osin cyari kinini cyane, kandi igituza cyaragabanutse.
Indi mpamvu yatumye Scandal yari interuro yize gufata igipupe mu 1992. Amagambo ye, nkuko yafatwaga abaguzi, bigira ingaruka ku kiganiro cyabakobwa kubyerekeye ishuri no guteza imbere imibereho.
Byongeye kandi, resonance yagutse yakiriye inkuru zabantu bagiye ku ngamba za Cardinali bagomba kumera nkigihamya. Rero, Umunyamerika Cindy Jackson yahagaritse umubiri, amaze gusura imbonerahamwe yo kubaga plastike inshuro 55.
Abatavuga rumwe n'ubwiza budasanzwe ndetse bashizeho icyifuzo hamwe n'ibisabwa isosiyete ikora ibisabwa kugira ngo ihindure isura y'igipupe. Rubanda rukorera ku mpaka zifatika ningero zingirakamaro yibicuruzwa kuri psyche yabana.
Nubwo bimeze bityo, matel yasuzumye ibirego nkibi bidafite ishingiro, byanze gutanga byongera igikinisho cya kabiri cyatoranijwe cyangwa kumaguru. Nubwo muri 2015, isosiyete yatangaje ko hasohotse umurongo mushya, aho 3 two mu ncuti za Ken zizwi - hejuru, miniature n'ubwitara buhebuje.
Ibintu bishimishije
- Barbie ntabwo yakiriye impeta yubukwe bumaze igihe.
- Intwari yabaye imico yonyine itari ituye yatanzwe nkimurikagurisha mungoro yingoro zashashara i Paris.
- Ukraine Valeria Lukyanova yakiriye ibyamamare kubera isano idasanzwe hamwe nigikinisho cya plastike. By the way, umukobwa ubwayo arahakana ko ibikorwa kandi yemeye gusa mu modoka.
Amagambo
"Niba umuntu agaragaye mu buzima bwawe, uwo wibagiwe ibyahise, noneho uyu muntu ni ejo hazaza." "Hariho ibintu 3 bitazigera bisubizwa: igihe, ijambo n'amahirwe. Ntutakaze rero umwanya, hitamo amagambo kandi ntucirize amahirwe! "" Irashobora gutanga abantu bose, kandi uragerageza gutanga. "Filmography
- 2001 - Barbie na Nubcracker
- 2002 - Barbie na Dragon
- 2003 - "Barbie: Ikiyaga cya Swan"
- 2004 - "Barbie mu gihugu cya Fay"
- 2005 - "Barbie n'abakobwa muri Hollywood"
- 2006 - "Barbie: 12 Kubyina Abamikazi"
- 2006 - "Idumba rya Barbie"
- 2007 - Barbie Maripos
- 2008 - "Barbie: Amateka ya Noheri"
- 2009 - "Barbie na Musketeer Batatu"
- 2010 - "Barbie: Igihugu cya Fabulous Fabulous"
- 2011 - "Barbie: Amahirwe ya Mermaid 2"
- 2012 - "Barbie: Ubuzima mu nzu y'inzozi"
- 2013 - "Barbie: Maripos n'Umwamikazi Fery"
- 2014 - "Barbie na Pearl Umuganwakazi"
- 2015 - "Barbie: Umuganwakazi w'urutare"
- 2015 - "Barbie n'ibibwana bashaka ubutunzi"
- 2016 - "Barbie na bashiki be mu bikinisho"
- 2017 - "Barbie: Magic Dolphin"
- 2018 - "Barbie: Amahirwe munzu yinzozi"