Ubuzima
Aburahamu Masu yari isoko ya psychologiya yubumuntu numwanditsi wa piramide yubuyobozi bwabantu basanzwe. Mu myaka yashize yakoraga ku butaka bwa Leta zunze ubumwe z'Amerika, umugabo yatanze ingingo nyinshi za siyansi zigenda zitera imbere.Mu bwana n'urubyiruko
Aburahamu yahinduye ubuzima bwatangiye umuseke w'ikinyejana cya 20, yavukiye muri Californiya mu muryango munini wakazi. Abakurambere b'umutego w'uruhererekano, bahagarariye ubwenegihugu bw'Abayahudi, mu rubyiruko rwe bashakaga gutura mu gihugu capilite cyateye imbere.
Samuel Maslov na Rosa Shilovskaya bimukiye muri Amerika baturutse mu Burusiya maze batura ku nkombe za Brooklyn. Papa, umubanyi wa Leta, adahari murugo kuva mugitondo kugeza nimugoroba, yinjiza amafaranga yo kubungabunga umugore we nabana bato.
Nakijije amafaranga ahagije, umuryango wahinduye aho utuye. Muri societe tutari Abayahudi, umuhungu yahuye bwa mbere ibibazo byinshi bikomeye. Aburahamu yakunze kubenga kubera isura yerekana ikirere nimyitwarire yakuwe muri sisitemu yashizweho.
Kubera iyo mpamvu, mu bwana, amavuta yari umwana ufunze, wigunze, utishimye, ibitabo byo mu gitabo cyaho cyasimbuwe n'inshuti n'abakobwa bakobwa. Amakuru, yizeye umwana wimirimo ya Classique yubuvanganzo, yafashije mugihe cyo guhangana n'ibizaba hirya no hino.
Kw'ishure, ukomoka ku bakozi b'Abayahudi bakundaga abarimu, bafite ubworoherane butangaje, yamenyesheje ingingo zitoroshye. Umuhungu yakundaga siyanse, anatomiya n'imibare, yishimira isesengura rya Algorithms Argoriths na ArOremu.
Mu mashuri makuru yerekeye inama z'ababyeyi, yiyemereye mu mateka y'amategeko maze yinjira muri kaminuza yemewe hagati ya 1920. Umwaka wa 1, umusore yahuye nubushakashatsi bwerekanwe Edward Bradfor Titchener, urubuga rwa Anglo-Amerika ", Umwanditsi w'impapuro.
Mu nshuti nkuru, Aburahamu yahinduye umwihariko kandi yimukira mu mujyi wa Madison, aho kaminuza ya Wisconsin yari iherereye. Umaze kwiyandikisha hamwe n'inzandiko zisaba Porofeseri Harry Frederik Harlow, kavukire ya Brooklyn nta suzuma yaguye mu ishami rya psychologiya.
Amaze kumenya uburyo butunganijwe bwo kwiga imyitwarire y'abantu n'inyamaswa, umunyeshuri yakiriye impamyabumenyi ihanitse mu 1930. Icyifuzo cyagaragaye cyafashije kwandika no kurinda ibyangiritse, abasesengura bemezaga ko abahawe impamyabumenyi bazahinduka inyenyeri ya siyansi mugihe kizaza.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Ibyerekeye ubuzima bwite bwa peteroli ya peteroli izi bike, akiri muto yakundanye na mubyara muto. Mu muryango wa bene wabo, nyirarume na nyirasenge, bareze Bert GUDMman, umusore yahise agera ku gikari.Mu busore bwe Aburahamu yatinyaga gutanga igitekerezo cyakaga, nubwo ubukwe bwemewe bwabaye mu 1928. Umunyeshuri wa kaminuza yuzuyemo umunezero wamenye ko ejo hazaza heza hazaguka Imana, inkunga ku bashakanye nakazi.
Hamwe no kugaruka k'umugore we, psychologue y'Abanyamerika imbere no hanze yahinduwe, amarangamutima yiyongereye inshuro nyinshi nyuma yo kuvuka. Umurage w'igihugu mu by'ubwenge, amaze gukura kandi yiga amashuri, yabaye bagenzi be bahembwa ndetse n'ibitekerezo by'ibitekerezo.
Ibikorwa bya siyansi
Umushinga wa mbere wigenga wa marita wahawe impamyabumenyi ya siyansi, akazi kari gashingiye ku kwitegereza ubukoloni bw'inguge. Gushakisha ubuzima bwimibonano mpuzabitsina bwa primates duhereye kubikoresho, umusore yasesenguye buri kintu.
Nyuma yo kurengera indege, Aburahamu yatuye i New York, aho yahuriye n'abahagarariye uruziga rw'abayahudi. Alfred Adler, Max Vertizer, Kurt Goldstein na Karen Horney babaye inshuti na bagenzi bacu mu mpera za 1930.
Mu mizo ya mbere, umuhanga yakundaga John Spedes Watson akora, hanyuma amenya ko yibanze ku bushakashatsi bwa laboratoire. Gusuzuma ifatika Igitekerezo cya kamere yumuntu kigoye cyafashe ibitekerezo byumugabo mugihe gikwiye.
Igitekerezo cyose kijyanye no kwiga ikintu cyo kwimenyekanisha, ntabwo cyari nkunda abo mukorana, abantu bahuje ibitekerezo nabarimu. Nubwo bimeze bityo, imitekerereze yumuhanga wabigize umwuga yashyize ahagaragara ibitekerezo bishya kandi ikabatwikira umuhanda.
Kuba umwarimu muri kaminuza ya Brooklyn, yerekanye inyigisho yubumuntu ya kamere, yishingikirije, bitandukanye naba psychoanastrans, kubitekerezo byabantu basanzwe. Mu cyiciro cya mbere cyo kwiga iyi ngingo yo mubantu benshi kandi igoye, yanditse ingingo zishimishije, ariko zikubeshya.
Byari nkenerwa kugabanya imirimo yubushakashatsi kubyiciro bitatu byingenzi Ishyirahamwe ryabo ryagiye kugaragara kuri peteroli ya piramide izwi. Inzego y'ibikenewe byabantu no kwerekana ibintu byihariye byari bihagarariwe nabanyamerika mu ntangiriro ya 1950.
Ibitekerezo bishya byahujwe nibisobanuro byo kwimenyekanisha, indangagaciro zihari, metimatisation no gushyira mubikorwa ibikenewe by'agasa. Isi ya "impinga zangiza", ivugwa mu biti by'intiti nyinshi yari umunyamahanga.
Igitabo "Impamvu na Kamere" cyarimo ibishushanyo mbonera, nyuma byemewe na Karl Rogers na bagenzi bawe baturutse mu bihugu bitandukanye. Abatavuga rumwe nuburyo bushya bwo gusesengura psychologiya bigaragara mubice no kuvuga amagambo ya alogombism hamwe nuburiganya busobanutse.
Nubwo bimeze bityo, igishushanyo cyerekana ibikenewe byumuntu nukubwira abantu benshi mubahagarariye uruziga rw'ubwenge gutera imbere. Uyu mushinga wafatwaga nk'umwasanzu mu iterambere ry'ubukungu n'imicungire, hamwe n'ibikorwa byinshi byibanze.
Kugenda kuri physiologiya no kwifuza umutekano kubumenyi, icyerekezo no kwiyitaho byagaragaje amatsinda yabantu batandukanye muri societe ya none. Mu bantu ku giti cyabo, buhoro buhoro urugero rwa piramide, bari uwa Aburahamu Lincoln, Oldose Huxley na Albert Einstein.
Ishusho igaragara yiterambere ryubwihindurize bwimiterere yabaye imaze kugera kuri siyanse mu ntangiriro za 50. Byagaragaye mu bitabo byinshi kuri psychologiya ya kera ikunze kugaragara mu karere k'imijyi y'Abanyamerika n'Uburayi.
Umwanditsi yayobowe n'ishami n'ishami muri kaminuza yubushakashatsi bwubushakashatsi bwa Brendays maze aba perezida wishyirahamwe rya psychologiste baturutse mubihugu icumi bitandukanye. Rero, ingingo n'ibitabo byanditswe na Aburahamu Maslow byari umutungo w'Abafaransa, Abarusiya, Abadage, Abadage n'abagore.
Umunyamerika yakoze cyane hamwe na buri gihe - "ikinyamakuru cya transpologiya ya transpologiya" hamwe nibinyamakuru byicyumweru. Turashimira inama zibifitiye ububasha, imishinga myinshi ifite impano yemejwe nubushakashatsi bwasohotse.
Izuba rirenze, Maslow yashyigikiye itsinda ry'abashakashatsi bo mu kigo cya Californiya Estip, gishinzwe muri 60. Yitaye kandi ku murimo w'abaturage ba Mistediya, ibitekerezo byingenzi bizwi kumugezi wose.
Urupfu
Afite imyaka 60, aciriye urubanza n'amafoto, amavuta atandukanijwe n'ubuzima bukomeye, cyangwa indwara zose zari zizwiho cyangwa abana cyangwa umugore wemewe. Nyuma y'urupfu, kubera igitero cy'umutima muri Kamena 1970, abo mukorana bagaragaye mu bumenyi bw'igihugu cyateye imbere.Bibliografiya
- 1943 - "Igitekerezo cyo gushishikira umuntu"
- 1954 - "Impamvu na Kamere"
- 1962 - "Gucunga Evapsychologiya"
- 1962 - "Kuri psychologiya yo kubaho"
- 1964 - "Amadini, indangagaciro n'amahirwe meza"
- 1966 - "psychologiya ya siyansi. Ubushakashatsi bukururwa "
- 1967 - "Kwihindura"
- 1971 - "Amatara mashya ya Kamere muntu"