Victor Franc - Ifoto, ubuzima, ubuzima bwite, butera urupfu, imitekerereze, imitekerereze, psychologue

Ubuzima

Iherezo rimwe na rimwe ryohereza umuntu uhari, aho we kandi gusa ashobora gufasha abandi bantu. Igihe Trolleybus yagwaga mu kigega cya Yerevan mu 1976, umutangabuhamya w'iki gihe cyarababaje nintambwe y'igihe gito ya Usss kuri Urugereko rwo koga KarapeYA. Ndashimira ubutwari nubumenyi bwa siporo, abafite amateka yabagenzi 20 bakijijwe. Imyaka 33 mbere yibyo, umuganga windwara zo mu mutwe, inzobere mu gukumira kwiyahura muri Viktor Frankl, yari hafi y'imfungwa z'ikigo cyakoranyirizwagamo imfungwa.

Mu bwana n'urubyiruko

Uwashinze Logotherapie yavutse ku ya 26 Werurwe 1905 mu murwa mukuru wa Otirishiya - Hongiriya. Victor Emil yari uwa kabiri mu bana batatu mu muryango w'umuyobozi wa Minisiteri yo kurengera Gaburiyeli Frankl n'umugore we Elza. Ababyeyi b'abantu ba psychologue, mukuru we na murumuna we bahuye nubwe kubayahudi.

Kurwanya icyambere Mama Victor yumvise muri Cafe "Ubucuzi", agaragara ku mucyo maze amarana ubwana Frankon mu nzu 6 ku muhanda. Mu muhanda, mu nzu 7 ku muhanda umwe, umuhanga mu mutwe wabayeho kandi wa filozofiya, washinze ishuri rya kabiri rya Vienne Verfna Alfred Adler.

Ishimwe rya Batty Amashusho

Nyina wa Victor yibukije nk'umugore usanzwe ufite umutima utagira umutima, kandi ibintu by'ingenzi bya Se byari ubupfura no mu buryo butangaje. Gabriel yari afite umushyitsi wihuse kandi rimwe mu burakari bwa rummy yamenetse inyuma y'umuhungu muto alpine inkoni. Ariko, kubera ubutabera bwumuntu no kugirira icyizere ingabo zabo, abagize umuryango bose babaga muburyo bwumutekano.

Mu myaka 3, Victor yashakaga kuba umuganga. Umwaka umwe, umuhungu yabwiye ababyeyi be bazana uburyo bwo gukora imiti. Dukurikije Frankl w'imyaka 4 rero, byari ngombwa ko abantu bahisemo gutandukana n'ubuzima bityo bakarwara. Umwana yasabye ko abashobora kwiyahura "ibiyobyabwenge" nka lisansi na gulina. Ibyo bivuze nyuma yo kwakira umurwayi azakiza, kandi hari imiti.

Mu bwangavu, ahantu heza mu buzima bwa Victor yafashe umukino wo gukora ibitaramo ashyira musaza we. Ndetse na mbere yuko siporo irangira, umusore yanditse igitabo "psychologiya yo gutekereza kwa filozofiya." Amashuri Makuru Franklis yakiriye mu Ishami ry'ubuvuzi rya kaminuza ya Vienne. Neurology na Psycleatry babaye umwihariko umuganga ukiri muto.

Ubuzima Bwihariye

Umwenda ukingiriza umubano w'ibanga w'ibitsina by'abavandimwe Frankli yakinguye umuja, yemerera ingimbi kujurira no guharanira umubiri. Mu masomo yisumbuye, Victor yatekereje ko, arubatse, yahagarika gusinzira kumara amasaha yose yijoro ku byishimo byubuzima bwumuntu.

Mu mpera z'umwaka wa 1941, umuganga yarongoye umuforomo we. Bidatinze, umugore yasamye, ariko mu bihe byo guhogorwa kwiyongera ku Bayahudi, abo bashakanye bahisemo gukuramo inda. Tilly, nk'ababyeyi na murumuna wa Viktor, ntibagarutse bava mu bigo bya Fashisiste. Gukunda umugore we n'ibiganiro byatekereje na Frankl ye ashyigikiwe mu bihe bikomeye cyane byo gufungwa. Igitabo cya psychologue "umuganga nubugingo" witangiye "abapfuye tilly".

Ishimwe rya Batty Amashusho

Mu 1947, Victor yafashe Elanor Gatolika Canarina Schwind, aho yatuye kugeza ubuzima bwe. Abashakanye bafatanije ku madini ya buri wese, hamwe bitabiriye itorero n'isinagogi, bizihiza Noheri na Purimu.

Umukobwa yaje kuba umuhanga mu by'imitekerereze y'umuhanga, Victor na Eleanor bita muganga wa Gaburiyeli mu rwego rwo kubaha Data. Franklie yashoboye kugira uruhare mu kuva ku buzukuru bwa Alegarani na Alexandre akareba kurisha ya Anna Victoria.

Umuganga wa psychologue wanze ingofero nini. Ingendo zose zatwaye ibinini bya Caffeine mugihe cafe ntazashobora kubyara ibinyobwa bikomeye. Isano Frankli yishimiye amadirishya ya Windows, ndetse no mu bihe bitagiye kubigura.

Victor yahimbye umuziki (elegy na melodiya muri tango). Umuhanga yunvikana neza mu ruziga (ku mafoto menshi umuhanga mu byahumetse), yashimye urwenya n'imikino y'amagambo, kandi ibiganiro bishushanyijeho amagare no kurwenya.

Ibikorwa bya siyansi

Mu myaka ya 20 yo mu kinyejana cya 20, Frankl yateguye gahunda yo gushyigikira imitekerereze y'abanyeshuri. Kuva mu 193, umuganga ukiri muto yari ayobowe n'ishami rishinzwe gukusanya muri imwe mu mavuriro ya Vienne. Kubera ubufasha bwa psychologiya ya Francl, abagore bagera ku bihumbi 30 bakuyeho ibitekerezo kubyerekeye kwiyahura.

Nyuma ya anchliya, Hitlel, abaganga b'Abayahudi babujijwe kuvuza abarwayi ba Aryan. Mu 1938-1939, Frankli yakoraga imyitozo yihariye, maze mu 1940 yerekeza mu ivuriro ry'ivuriro rya Rothschild - ibitaro byonyine, aho Abayahudi bemerewe gufatwa. Viktor yagombaga gukora gusa n'umuganga w'indwara zo mu mutwe gusa, ahubwo nanone Neurosurgeon.

Mu 1941, umugabo yatumiwe muri Ambasade Amerika kandi atanga viza y'Abanyamerika. Muganga yanze ati: Ntiyashakaga kugenda adafashijwe n'ababyeyi bageze mu zabukuru. Umwanya wa mbere wo gusoza Victor wabaye Teresienstadt muri Repubulika ya Ceki, aho yaguye mu kugwa kwa 1942 n'aho nyina na se bari basanzwe.

Byari ingando y'intangarugero Abanazi bitwa pansiyo ku Bayahudi bageze mu zabukuru kandi bagaragaza ko Komisiyo z'umusaraba utukura. Muri Teresienstadt, isinagogi yakoraga, ibitaramo n'imurikagurisha byakozwe.

Ibanga ry "ubumuntu" bw'Abanazi ryari ryoroshye - imfungwa za "pansiyo y'intangarugero" amaherezo yoherejwe mu nkambi y'urupfu. Yasohotse rero na nyina wa Frankl, wapfiriye i Auschwitz. Mu Kwakira 1944, Victor yohereje Auschwitz, ariko mu cyumweru yimuriwe i Türheim - imwe mu nkambi ya sisitemu ya Dahau.

Ishimwe rya Batty Amashusho

Ahantu hose hafashwe, imfungwa yari i Genda hamwe n'izindi mfungwa yakoze imirimo iremereye, by'umwihariko, gariyamoshi. Ariko nimugoroba, Dr. Gukiza roho ya bagenzi be ibyago byafashije kubona igisubizo cyikibazo cyacyo ubu aribwo busobanuro bwubuzima bwa psychologie.

Muganga yigishije uburyo bwo gufata autotemices - bagereranya uburyo ibizamini byose byanyuze no guhuriza hamwe n'imiryango yabo. Ku bunararibonye n'uburambe ku zindi mfungwa, Frankl yaje ku mwanzuro w'uko "ubushake bwo gusobanura" ni "Imana yitabye Imana" ya buri muntu amufasha kubaho no gukomeza icyubahiro. Victor yagaragaje iyi myitwarire mugitabo "Umugabo mugushakisha ibisobanuro" nibindi bikorwa.

Ku ya 27 Mata 1945, Franklé n'abandi bagororwa barokotse Turheim babohoye ingabo z'Amerika. Mu 1946, umuhanga yagaragaje igitekerezo cyubwiyunge. Umutego wa psychologue yanze inyigisho yinshingano rusange z'abadage kuri Nazism. Dukurikije kwibuka Frankl, mu barinzi b'inkambi, usibye abadababaye n'abakora ibicuruzwa batitaye, hari Sabota y'amabwiriza y'inshinjabyaha, kugira ngo byoroshye ubuzima bw'imfungwa.

Kuva 1946 kugeza 1971, Victor yerekeje ivuriro rya Vienne Psychotheutic. Muburyo bwa psychotherapy byatejwe imbere na Franklom - Kuvura mubinyuranye (abarwayi bibagirwa byihuse kuba nyampinga wisi wibagirwa kwisi, kandi kwibuka kwabo kwibasirwa nicyuma cyo kwibagirwa kwigishwa, kandi kwibuka kwabo (abarwayi (abarwayi bashishikariye, bakora neza kuruta Mubyukuri, kandi buhoro buhoro abantu babaye beza).

Urupfu

Frankon yapfuye ku ya 2 Nzeri 1997. Impamvu y'urupfu rw'umuhanga yatsinzwe n'umutima. Imva y'Itsinda rusange rya psychologiya yubumuntu riherereye mu gice cya Sitaro-Montaro cyo irimbi rikuru rya Vienne.Ishimwe rya Batty Amashusho

Viktor Frankl Museum yafunguwe muri Otirishiya umunsi w'isabukuru yimyaka 110 w'umuhanga. Muri Gashyantare 2019, igishushanyo cya psychologue cyanditseho igiceri cyo kwibuka icyubahiro cya € 50 cyatanzwe mu mashuri ya Vienne muri psychologiya.

Muri 2015, kumuyoboro wa TV wu Burusiya "Umuco" murukurikirane "Inkuru za Bibiliya" zasohotse filime "Viktor Frank. "Igihe ubuzima" yego "!". Muri Kanama 2018, ikarito y'iminota 3 ivuga ku mibereho n'inyigisho z'uwahoze ari imfungwa ya UZVWITZzim yakuweho kubera kongere ya Logotherapi ya Logotherapi ya Logotherapi ya Logotherapi. Abaremwe ba kaseti batewe inkunga nigitabo cya Frankl "mbwira ubuzima" Yego! ". Umuhanga mu kigo cyakoranyirizwagamo impongano. "

Amagambo

• "Mu mperuka, Mana, niba ari ngombwa, uri umuntu mwiza kuruta uko ubyizera cyangwa utabyizeye."
• "Niba ukubajije ku kintu runaka, ugomba gusubiza nk'ukuri gushoboka, ariko ku kutibazwa, ni byiza guceceka."
• "Nta muntu ufite uburenganzira bwo gukenerwa no kwiyumvisha, ndetse n'umubabaro, kandi warababajwe cyane."
• "Ibyishimo ni nk'ikinyugunyugu - niko narushaho gufata, niko bigaragara. Ariko niba usubiye ibitekerezo byawe kubindi bintu, bizaza kandi bikugoye biteye ubwoba kuri wewe ku rutugu. "
• "Ibintu bikomeye biraha umuntu amahirwe yo kwirasa hejuru."

Bibliografiya

• 1946 - "Igihe cyubuzima" Yego ": Umuganga wa psychologue mu kigo cyakoranyirizwagamo imfungwa"
• 1946 - "Ibyingenzi bya Logotherapy"
• 1947 - "Psychotherapi mumyitozo"
• 1948 - "Imitekerereze n'idini"
• 1949 - "Umugabo Ushakisha Byumvikana"
• 1955 - "Muganga n'ubugingo"
• 1956 - "Logotherapy no Gusesengura: Ingingo n'inyigisho"
• 1956 - "THEORY NA THERAPY ya Neurose: Intangiriro kuri Logotherapy no gusesengura isesengura"