Ubuzima
Jacques Lacan yamenyekanye nkumunyeshuri numusimbura wibitekerezo bya Sigmund Fthud. Umufaransa yatangiye nk'umuganga w'indwara zo mu mutwe, ariko igihe cyatinze yashimishijwe na psychoante na filozofiya, bikabazanira icyamamare cyatsinzwe cyane kandi umuhanga akora siyanse y'ubugingo bwa muntu mu kinyejana cya 20. Umusanzu w'umuntu muri psychologiya yimbitse zemezwa ko kugira ngo imitekerereze ya orotodogisi ikunze kwitwa ijambo "Freudism-Lakanism".Mu bwana n'urubyiruko
Jacques Marie Emil Lacan yavutse ku ya 13 Mata 1901 mu murwa mukuru w'Ubufaransa. Inzu umwana yarerewe, yari afite ibisekuru bitatu bya Lakanov: ngaho yabayeho sogokuru mwenekuru, bahujwe n'ubucuruzi ubuzima bwabo bwose. Ababyeyi alfred na Emily bazanye umuhungu mumigenzo Gatolika. Papa yakoraga nk'umuyobozi w'imari, kandi nyina yitangiye kurera abana.
Ahantu ha mbere ho kwiga harimo umuswa wa jesuit wa Mutagatifu Stanislav kumuhungu. Lacan yasuye iri shuri ryigenga kuva afite imyaka itandatu kandi yerekanaga nk'umunyeshuri ufite impano watanze byoroshye ibintu byose. Mu myaka 14, umuhungu yashimishijwe na filozofiya, afite ubushake bwihariye bwo kwiyongera mu myitwarire ya Benedigito.
Kwinjira muri kaminuza, Jacques yitangiye imiti, ahitamo imitekerereze nk'iyihariye. Muri kiriya gihe, umusore yahuye na mwarimu Gaetan Clerambo, amashuri yabo yari Planoia, Automalics yo mu mutwe na erotic. Umugabo yabaye urugero rw'umujyanama nyawe ku musore, yashishikajwe cyane n'intege nke kandi ashoboye kwanduza abandi mu ishyaka rye.
Mu busore bwe, Lacan yahangayikishijwe n'ikibazo cyo kwizera no kwanga ibitekerezo by'amadini byabanjirije. Yishimye mu kwiga filozofiya yavuye muri Gottrf Hettle Leibniz yerekeza Karl Marx. Kaminuza ya Jacques yararangije kuva mu 1931, amaze kubona umwihariko wurukiko rwo mu mutwe. Umwaka umwe, Abafaransa barwaniraga isomo rye ryiyemeje gukora paranoidi psychose, aho ibitekerezo bye, filozofiya n'ibitekerezo bya psychoanalytique byagaragaye. Uyu murimo wasohotse mu binyamakuru bya siyansi maze atera ubwoba cyane ku muhanzi El Salvador Dali, wanditse indogobe ya Survador Day "rotina" akurikije impamvu ze.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Ubuzima bwumuntu muburyo budashobora kwitwa kurera. Ku nshuro ya mbere, Jacques yashakanye mu 1934, umugore we yabaye Marie-Louise blondn. Abana babiri bavukiye gushyingirwa - Umukobwa Carolina n'umuhungu Tibo. Ariko, umugabo ntabwo yari umugabo wimyitwarire kandi ntangarugero. Yakundaga abagore beza, muri bo bakaba bakunze kuba abatari bazwi. Muri bo harimo Sylvia Bate - Umugore w'umwanditsi n'inshuti Lakan George Batha. Mu 1941, umugore yibarutse umukobwa wa psychoanalyst.Kuva kera, filozofiya yashoboye guhisha urukundo rwibanga hamwe numwana utaragendarwa mumuryango. Jacques yashakanye na Sylvia mu 1953, igihe uwo bashakanye wa mbere yapfaga. Umukobwa muto wumuntu yahisemo JanQues ya Miller-Alena Miller - umuyoboke wizerwa wa Data hamwe numunyamuryango ukomeye wishuri rya Lakan Psychoanalytic. Urupfu rwa Lakana, umukwe amaze kuba umuvandimwe we uhagarariye umurage ashinzwe guhindura no gutangaza ibitabo by'iposita.
Ibikorwa bya siyansi
Lacan ihita yizihije mu myaka ya za 1920, Lacan yabaye ihagarariye cyane mu mitekerereze myiza. Umufaransa ntabwo yari umuyoboke utatekerejweho ibitekerezo, ariko yiga icyerekezo cyubugenzuzi buhoraho. Yagize uruhare mu kwimura - uburyo bwo gusubiramo ibyahise muri iki gihe, kubyara bidafite ubwenge byahoze. Mu bikorwa by'imvugo ya George Gegel, guhanga abahanzi bo muri Ferdinand de Sosurira kandi igitabo Jacobson, Umufaransa Jacobson, umufaransa Jacobson, Umufaransa yagerageje kuvugurura uburyo bwo kumenya siyanse y'ubugingo bwa muntu.
Jacques yakurikiranye neza hamwe nubusobanuro budahagije bwa Freuddism hamwe nuburyo bushaje bukoreshwa muburwayi. Igitekerezo nyamukuru ni inyigisho yo kubaho kw'inzego zitagaragara zikora societe n'umuco. Abazi ubwenge bagaragara mu rurimi no mu mvugo, bityo umuhanga aburanishwa no gusuzuma no gusuzuma indwara yo mu mutwe - kuva mu maganya atamenya ubwenge - binyuze mu myitozo ngororamubiri.
Usibye kwiga ikibazo cyo kuvuga, Umufaransa wagize ukuri kubwumvikane mu mpeta Borromeo, aho uwambere ari ukuri, uwambere ni ikigereranyo, naho icya gatatu ni ugupima ukuri kwukuri nubwenge. Ibitekerezo bijyanye nimishinga itatu ya Jacques ivugwa mubikorwa bya "se amazina ya Data". Ubusugire bwo kwiga bwa psychologue ni ibintu byo kwifuza, aho Lacan atagereranya n'ibikenewe n'irari, kandi bikabona imiterere igoye muri yo - bidashoboka, bidashobora kuzuzwa.
Jacques yanditse bike, benshi muri bibliografiya ye bahagarariwe no kwerekana amahugurwa yakoze imbere y'abumva. Gutandukanya ibitabo byigenga ku mwanditsi w'igice, mu mikorere yabo "n'imiterere y'imvugo n'ururimi muri psychoanalysis" na "mu busa n'imiterere y'Imana".
Urupfu
Mu myaka yashize, Lacan yagize ibibazo bikomeye byubuzima. Abafaransa basuzumwe kanseri ya Colon, hanyuma bimurira mu 1978 igikorwa cyatanze ingaruka zigihe gito. Umuhanga yakomeje kwandika, asome ibiganiro kandi afite imyaka 79 yakinnye, uhagaze imbere y'abateze amatwi abantu 800 mu masaha 800, mu gihe ijwi ry'umuntu rigumye rifite isuku kandi rikomeye. Ifoto yicyo gihe yerekana ko umushakashatsi yari yuzuye imbaraga.Mu myaka ya za 1980, Jacques yarwaye indwara y'ububoko, aho yagaruwe mu nzu y'umukobwa muto. Yakomeje kubabazwa n'ibibazo n'amara, kandi mu mbaraga zo mu 1981 hari umugabo washyizwe mu ivuriro rya Hartmann muri Neya-Sur-Sen. Ku ya 9 Nzeri 9 Nzeri ntabwo. Impamvu y'urupfu yatsinzwe na renal, yateye imbere nyuma yo gukuraho ibibyimba byihutirwa. Imva ya Psychoanalyst iherereye ku irimbi rya Hitrakur, ntabwo ari kure ya L La kureba, aho inzu ye yari iherereye.
Amagambo
- "Isesengura ritunganijwe neza."
- "Ubudata bwose burangwa n'umuntu - nta gikarinde kiri mu mwanya wo gukuramo."
- Ati: "Ntekereza ko aho, aho ntariho, kandi ndi uhari, aho ntatekereza."
- "Super - Ndi imvugo ntacyo ivuga."
- "Ijambo libido rikora, imvugo y'ibitekerezo byo kugaburira, ishyiraho igitekerezo cyo kugahwa, ku bwoko bwa metabolism."
Bibliografiya
- "Mu busa n'imiterere y'Imana"
- 1953 - "Imikorere n'Umurima wo kuvuga no mu rurimi muri Psychoanalysis"
- 1954 - "Imirimo Feud kuri tekinike ya psychoanteslyse"
- 1955 - "I" mu nyigisho ya Fred no mu buhanga bwa Psychoanalysis "
- 1957 - "IZINA RY'INGENZI MU BUZIMA CYANGWA AMASOKO YO GUSOMA NYUMA YUBUNTU"
- 1958 - "Uburezi butagira ubwenge"
- 1960 - "Imyitwarire ya Psychoanalysis"
- 1963 - "Amazina - Data"
- 1963 - "Guhangayika"
- 1964 - "Ibice bine by'ibanze bya Psychoanalysis"
- 1970 - "Kwandika Psychoanalysis"