Ubuzima
Umufilozofe w'Ubudage n'umupira w'amarondo George Imbeho Yahimbaje Imirimo yeguriwe Amateka, Imyitwarire, Ubwicame n'umuco. Umugabo yishora mu nyigisho yimikoranire mbonezamubano maze aba umwe mubashinze amategeko. Umushakashatsi yarubahwa mubuzima bwe, ariko ibitekerezo byingenzi bya Zimmel byagereranijwe mugice cya kabiri cyikinyejana cya makumyabiri.Mu bwana n'urubyiruko
Jenoside yavukiye ku ya 1 Werurwe 1858 i Berlin. Ababyeyi, Abayahudi n'ubwenegihugu, bahisemo guhindura kwizera, kandi nyina yajuririye Abaluteniya, na Se muri Gatolika. Umwana afata idini rya nyina. Ntabwo byafashije umuhanga kwirinda ibibazo yahuye nabyo byatewe no gutanga ibitekerezo byo kurwanya semiti.
Padiri Edward Maria Zimmel yasimbuye mu bucuruzi, ndetse n'umuryango aho abana barindwi bagendaga bakura, ntacyo bari bazi. Yari afite Chocolaterie Simmel, watangaga ibihano mu rukiko rw'umwami Prussia. Umugabo yapfuye igihe umuhungu we afite imyaka 16. Umubyeyi ntashobora kwihanganira ubuzima bw'ubuzima, kandi Franz yaje munsi ya Julia Friedlander, inshuti y'umuryango. Yahaye umusore, yishyuye umusore mu myigire ye muri kaminuza ya Berlin, aho Jeorg yakoze 1876 amaze kurangiza imikino ngororamubiri. Muri kaminuza, Zimmel yatangiye kwiga filozofiya.
Ubumenyi bw'imibereho muri kaminuza bwasomye abarimu n'abahanga mu bya siwani, Johann Gustav Drozev, Theodore Mamahese, Moritz Lakerus, Heiman Steighthal. Umunyeshuri watewe urugero rwabo, umunyeshuri winangiye kandi ufite impano yakoraga ibintu bya siyansi, yanditse ingingo kandi yagerageje kurengera iceisime, ariko ntibyashobokaga. Georgrue yangiwe nta gusobanura impamvu igaragara, ariko bigaragara ko ubwenegihugu bwe bwakinnye n'umushakashatsi ukiri muto.
Kugaragaza kwihangana, mu 1885, Zimmel aracyabona impamyabumenyi ya siyansi, kurengera indege ye ku ngingo "inyigisho za Cant". Umugabo yakomeje kwigisha kuri Alma Mater, ariko ntiyari afite igipimo gihoraho, yakira amafaranga gusa nintererano yabanyeshuri bari bafite ubushake bwo kwishyura ibiganiro bye. Kuba umuvugizi w'ingufu hamwe n'ibitekerezo byumwimerere nuburyo bushimishije bwo kwerekana, George yishimiye gutsinda mubari bateraniye aho kandi yinjije abantu.
Ariko, umwuga w'amasomo ya Zimmel yimukiye. Yategerezwa kwihanganira umwanya muto w'aboherererira abikorera imbere, ndetse akaba yarageze ku mugambi, umuhanga mu bya filozofiya aracyakomeza kuba ishami ry'ubuntu muri kaminuza.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Umugore wa Zimmel yari umuhanzi kandi umwanditsi Gertrude Kinel, aho umugabo yashakanye mu 1890. Umugore yanditse igitabo muri Pseudonym Maria Louise Enkendorf. Mu 1891, abashakanye bavutse ari umuhungu w'ikinege wa Hans, wabaye umuganga. Umukobwa we Marianna, umwuzukuru Georg, yabaye umuhanga mu by'imitekerereze.Inzu y'umuryango muri Charlottenburg-Westents yabaye ahantu ho guhurira mu bwenge bwa Berlin, akenshi byashobokaga kubona Max Weber, Raine Maria Rilke, Ranger Gasestly Edmund.
Ubuzima bwihariye bwa Zimmel bwahagaritse kuba serene nyuma yo guhura numunyeshuri Gertruda Kantovich. Umukobwa wize amateka yubuhanzi hamwe nimivugo yitabiriye wabaye umufasha wumuhanga, kandi mu 1904 yibaruka umumarayika. Uku kuri kwa biografiya yumuhanga yashoboye kwihisha kugeza gupfa.
Filozofiya
Umurage wa Zimmel ni utandukanye n'ubwoko na Spectra bo muri abo. Umuhanga yafashe amasomo yo gukora ubushakashatsi ku bushakashatsi, bityo imirimo yaryo irahangayikishijwe icyarimwe inkerake: filozofiya, umuco, amateka, sociologiya. Icyitegererezo kidasanzwe cya Bibliografiya kigufasha kubona ibibazo byinshi kandi bidafitanye isano byagerageje gusesengura umwanditsi. "Umuhigi mwinshi n'ubuzima bw'igihe cy'umwuka", "Ikibazo cy'umwuka", "igitekerezo cy'amateka", "igitekerezo n'amakuba y'umuco" byerekana gusa igice cy'inyungu z'umugabo.
Filozofiya yishora muri siyansi kuri societe, urebye uburyo bwo gukorana abantu, amakimbirane rusange, umuco w'abagore no guteza imbere umwihariko ubura ubumwe. Umuhanga yahungabanye no kwiyongera mu cyuho kiri hagati y'imiterere n'ibikubiye muri societe igezweho, ibizwe no kwishyura ubwisanzure bwo kwigunga.
Nyuma ya Karl Marx, Zimmel yavuze ku kwitandukanya n'umukozi n'ibicuruzwa by'akazi ke n'ibicuruzwa byakazi bye, ariko bitandukanye n'umwanditsi "umurwa mukuru" yashishikajwe cyane na psychologiya, aho kuba ibintu byimibereho n'ubukungu bw'iki gikorwa.
Kuvuga ku bijyanye no guhuza no gutandukanya inzira z'ingenzi z'ubuzima bw'imibereho, Georg yakoresheje imyumvire y'ikiraro nimiryango, bigaragaza ubushake bwo guhagarika umuhanda ugabana imbere ninyuma.
Izina ry'imbeho rifitanye isano rishingiye ku buryo butandukanye no kwiga amakimbirane rusange, yasuzumye mu kazi "sociologiya: kwiga uburyo bwo gusabana." Umuhanga yashyizeho urufatiro rw'igice kigezweho, kandi ibitekerezo bye byaje guteza imbere imibereho y'abadage Lewis Korn.
Urupfu
Bwa mbere, abakozi bahoraho, umuhanga yashoboye kwakira mu 1914. Porofeseri yatumiwe kwigisha Kaminuza ya Strasbourg, maze akomeza gutura no gukorera mu Bufaransa, kumena amasano hamwe n'umuryango wa Berlin. Hano, imyaka ya nyuma y'ubuzima bwa Zimmel yabereye hano, ikingira intambara ya mbere y'isi yose yagumye nta kazi kubera gufunga kaminuza. Mu bwigunge, yibanze ku kwandika igitabo. Ku ya 28 Nzeri 1918 Nzeri 1918, Georg ntiyabikoze. Impamvu y'urupfu yabaye kanseri y'umwijima.APhorisms
- "Umuntu wize niwe uzi aho wakura ibyo atazi."
- "Umugabo umeze nk'uwangiritse akenshi ababajwe cyane kuruta agahinda."
- "Kwikosora umuntu bivuze ko arenze imipaka yamushyize akanya."
- "Ibyiyumvo byatanzweho ibintu bitavuwe."
- "Umuntu arashobora guhinduka cyane ashyira ubuzima bwe kugira ngo akore ibinezeza."
Bibliografiya
- 1890 - "Itandukaniro rusange. Ubushakashatsi bwa sociologiya n'imitekerereze "
- 1893 - "Ibibazo bya Filozofiya y'amateka"
- 1893 - "Intangiriro ku myitwarire"
- 1900 - "Filozofiya"
- 1903 - "Imijyi minini n'Ubuzima Byumwuka"
- 1905 - "filozofiya yimyambarire"
- 1906 - "Kant na Goethe"
- 1906 - "Iyobokamana"
- 1907 - Schonhauer na Nietzsche
- 1908 - "Imibereho. Kwiga uburyo bwo gusabana "
- 1911 - "Filozofiya y'umuco"
- 1916 - "Ikibazo cyigihe cyamateka"
- 1916 - "Rembrandt"
- 1917 - "Ibibazo by'ibanze by'isosiyete"
- 1918 - "Amakimbirane y'Umuco wa none"