Ubuzima
Victor Shklovsky kuva akiri muto yashimishijwe nubuhanzi, bwagize ingaruka ku guhitamo umwuga. Yinjiye mu nkuru nkinenga kutabogama kutabogama, mu mashusho n'umwanditsi.Mu bwana n'urubyiruko
Victor Shklovsky yagaragaye ku ya 12 Nzeri (24) muri 1893 i Mutagatifu Petersburg. Data yigishije imibare, noneho aba umwarimu w'amasomo akomeye y'ibihanga, kandi Mama yayoboye urugo. Umuryango wari munini, ariko ku bana bose bashakana babayeho gusa Victor. Abavandimwe be bakuru Vladimir na Nikolai barashe, Mushikiwabo Eugene yapfuye azize inzara i Petrogra.
Mu myaka ya mbere, biografiya Shklovsky ntishobora kwirata imikorere myiza. Yakuweho inshuro nyinshi kubera ubushakashatsi bubi, kugeza igihe umusore yinjiye mu rugendo cyitwa Nikolai, shelevalnikov, amaherezo yarangije umudari wa feza. Bimaze rero, Vitya yakundaga ibitabo, kandi ibikorwa bye byacapishijwe mu kinyamakuru "isoko".
Kubwibyo, igihe cyari kigeze cyo guhitamo umwuga w'ejo hazaza, umusore akunda amateka na filogiya ya kaminuza ya St. Petersburg. Muri iki gihe, SHKLOVSKY soma byinshi, byagize ingaruka kumiterere yuburyo bwe.
Intambara ya Kabiri y'Isi Yose yatangira, Victor yagiye ku bakorerabushake b'imbere. Yakomeje gushimishwa n'ubuvanganzo, bwamuzanye Yuri Tyananov na Boris Eikenbaum, abo SHKLOVSKSky yaje gushinga ishuri ry'abarusiya. Mu ngingo zabo "izuka ry'Ijambo" na "Ubuhanzi bwo kwakirwa", umwanditsi yakoze imyumvire y'ibanze y'icyerekezo gishya kandi yasobanuye ko yakiriye uburyo bwo gukuraho, aho ibintu bimenyerewe byagaburiwe ibintu bidasanzwe.
Mu gihe cy'intambara, umusore yari umunyamwete w'impinduramatwara, igizwe na Komite y'ishami ryintwaro kandi yibanze mu Nama ya Petrograpp. Imbere, yerekanye imbaraga n'ubutwari igihe yayoboraga umuyobozi w'igitero cy'umuriro w'umwanzi. Uwo munsi, Victor yakomeretse mu nda, ariko akomeza gushishikariza abasirikare, nubwo ububabare n'amaraso. Kuri iyi feat, yahawe umusaraba wa Mutagatifu George.
Nyuma yo gusubiza mu buzima busanzwe, Shklovsky yagize uruhare mu kwimura ingabo z'Abarusiya mu Buperesi. Agarutse kuri Petrogradup, umusore yinjiye muri Esramen, kubera ibyatotejwe. Umwanditsi yari yihishe mu bitaro by'indwara zo mu mutwe i Saratov, hanyuma yirukana i Kiev maze aba umunyamuryango wagerageje kunanirwa no guhirika amabati.
Gusa kubera icyifuzo cya Maxim Gorky, iperereza muri uru rubanza ryahagaritswe. Mu gihe gito, umugabo asoma ibiganiro ku nyigisho z'ibitabo mu nzu yo gusohora "ibitabo by'isi", yaje kuba umwarimu wo mu kigo cy'ubuhanzi cy'ubuhanzi.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Mu busore bwe, umwanditsi yashakanye na Vasilis Korde, wamuhaye abana babiri. Umuhungu wa Nikita yapfuye mu Ntambara ya Kabiri y'Isi Yose, umukobwa wa Varvara yashakanye na Efim Lieberman, yibarutse umuragwa, hanyuma inyuma y'umusizi Nikolai Pay. Umugore wa kabiri w'umwanditsi yabaye Serafimu ya Suok, yabonaga umunezero mubuzima bwe bwite.Ibitabo
Mu ntangiriro ya 1920, SHKLOVSKY yishora mu kwiga ubuvanganzo, yanditse ibitabo kandi bitangazwa ingingo mu binyamakuru by'agatabo n'insanganyamatsiko ". Kuyoboye, itsinda rya "Serapiones bavandimwe" ryashinzwe, ku materaniro yabyo yari ahari.
Igihe ifatwa rya Serc icyumweru cyongeye kuvugururwa, umwarimu yahatiwe guhunga no kwimuka mu gihugu yerekeza muri Finlande, hanyuma mu Budage. Mu gihe cyubuzima muri Berlin "urugendo rwamarangamutima" rwanditswe, rwatanze intangiriro yububiko bwa autobiografi.
Igitabo cya kabiri cya cycle "zoo, cyangwa ntigishobora kugaragariza urukundo" cyashyizweho nyuma yo gusubira mu Burusiya. Ishingiye ku nsanganyamatsiko hamwe na mushiki wawe muto Lily Brick Elza Tyanole, aho umwanditsi atabishaka mu rukundo. Yarangije inyabuto "Uruganda rwa gatatu", rwuzuza bibliografiya mu 1926.
Umugabo amaze kubona amahirwe yo gusubira muri USSR, umugabo yahatiwe gutura i Moscou. Agezeyo, yandika kuri wegeranye "Hamburg" kandi atangira ubucuti na Vladimir Mayakovsky, uwo yari mu itsinda rya Lef. Umwanditsi yakomeje kubaho ubuzima bukora kandi yari uwitabira ibiganiro bibi.
Mu myaka yashize, Viktor Boristovich yasubiye mu bitekerezo byerekeranye n'ibitekerezo, abitanze mu ngingo "urwibutso rw'ikosa rya siyansi." Yakomeje guhora atangazwa, akora nk'inenga ry'ubuvanganzo. By'umwihariko, umwanditsi yinjiye mu mpapuro za Boris Paspak, aho yaciriyeho gucirwaho iteka.
Ageze mu za bukuru, Shklovsky yashinje mu nyigisho ya Sinema, akorana na televiziyo, aho yateguye gahunda "yabayeho - yari". Ingingo ye y'ibihe byagaragaye ko ishishikajwe n'umurimo wa kera, harimo Fromari Dosoevysky na Intare Tolstoy.
Urupfu
Ubuvanganzo bwubuvanganzo bwapfuye mu Kuboza 1984 i Moscou, icyateye urupfu rwacitse intege ubuzima. Imva ye iherereye ku irimbi rya Kugenvsky. Kwibuka umwanditsi, imirimo, amafoto namagambo, bidapfa mu magambo yagumye.Bibliografiya
- 1914 - "Izuka ry'Ijambo"
- 1914 - "Kuyobora Põrot"
- 1923 - "Zoo. Amabaruwa ntabwo ajyanye n'urukundo cyangwa kumva icya gatatu, "Helikon"
- 1924 - "Urugendo rwamarangamutima"
- 1926 - "Uruganda rwa gatatu"
- 1926 - "Amahirwe masa n'ibyangiritse kuri Maxim Gorky"
- 1928 - "Konti ya Hamburg"
- 1930 - "Muri make, ariko inkuru yizewe ivuga kuri Nobleman bolotov"
- 1931 - "Umuskuti rwa Marco Polo"
- 1937 - "Inyandiko kuri Puchkin Prose"
- 1944 - "Amateraniro"
- 1964 - "Yabayeho - bari"
- 1965 - "Ku myaka mirongo ine. Ingingo ya Sinema »
- 1973 - eisenstein
- 1981 - "Imbaraga zo Kwibeshya"