Ubuzima
Ludwig Wittgenstein - Otirishiya umufilozofe XX kinyejana, bikaba yashyizeho uburyo inyigisho rurimi atunganye. Ngo yari ashingiye ku inyurabwenge imibare. Mu authorship ya siyansi mu atunze ijambo a atomism bwumvikana.Mu bwana n'urubyiruko
Ludwig yavutse ku itariki 26, 1889 mu Vienne. Uwo muhungu yahavuye kuba muto mu bana umunani ya magnate icyuma mwashakanye we. Data yateguye gukura muri bene imibare bakomeye inganda no ntiyigeze amashuri icyizere, bityo mu bwana bigaga mu rugo.
Wittgenstein-Sr. Yari inkazi kandi akaba inararibonye umuntu, bikaba nabi ingaruka n'abavandimwe be. Batatu mu bantu batanu bato yiyahuye. Senior Brother Hans kwitwa intiti. Mu 1902, we warokotse muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika na bapfuye mu bihe amayobera.
Mu 1904, Rudi, umunyeshuri wa chemical ishami rya Berlin Academy, yiyahuye mu kabari, kunywa amata na cyanium potassium. Nk'uko amakuru bamwe, yari igitsina na bikomeye impungenge ku gupfa umugenzi. Kurt yategetse ingabo Otirishiya mu mpera ya mbere y'isi. w'abasirikare yarashwe bapfuye mu mpera z'umwaka wa 1918.
Umuvyeyi atakambira na bemerewe Ludwig na Pawulo amahugurwa mu ishuri Leta. Kazoza filozofiya yari gufungwa, nta kwerekana neza mu vyigwa vyiwe kandi bigoranye kubona ururimi uhuriyeho na bagenzi.
Wittgenstein yaje gushishikazwa engineering na indege Sisitemu, nk'uko umunyeshuri wa Technische Hochschule Berlin. Mu 1908, yahawe impamyabumenyi muri kaminuza ya Manchester Victoria. An kanya iconic mu biography ya Ludwig yari bamenye na ibikorwa Gotoba Frege, bari bahamwe gutekereza substantiations filozofiya ya mibare inyurabwenge.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Wittgenstein kigizwe ubucuti n'abo badasangiye igitsina n'abagore n'abagabo haba. Gufasha mushiki mu kubaka inzu mu Vienne mu 1926 gushika mu 1928, yabonanye Swedish Margarita RESPINGER. imyaka itanu, umukobwa badahengeshanya yimuye kwibabaza imibereho ya mugenzi, ariko igikumbi nyuma yari urugendo Norway. Muri, mu RESPINGER kubona ko atashoboraga kuba umugore filozofiya, kandi bamusiga.Mu intore ku, Ludwig yitwa Dawidi Pinsman, uwo umufilozofe yari mu mibanire mu 1912, Francis Skinner, mugenzi we mu 1930, na Ben Richards, wari abonekera mu buzima bwite Otirishiya mu myaka y'1940.
Filozofiya
Mu 1911, Wittgenstein yinjira Cambridge, aho yari umufasha na mugenzi wa Berran Russell.
Nyuma y'urupfu rwa Data mu 1913, uwo musore yari mu Burayi bakize. N'agabira Leta hagati bene, na bamwe mu mafaranga batanze imibare kurema. Ludwig ubwe yakuyeho hasi mu nzu ikajishwa mu mudugudu Norwegian ya Skolden yandikaho akazi yitwa "Notes ku nyurabwenge".
Amasomo ye yahujwe n'ibitekerezo ku mafranga y'ururimi. Yasabye kuri tautologiya mu nteruro nk'ukuri, no kwivuguruza - nk'ikinyoma cyangwa kutabara kimwe mu byiciro.
Mu 1914, Wittgenstein yasize umukorerabushake imbere. Nyuma yimyaka 3, yafashe kandi mugihe cyo gusoza yanditse "igitabo cya Lobic-filozofiya." Akazi yasohotse mu 1921. Yatsinze mu muryango wabigize umwuga w'uburayi. Igihe, Ludwig yari amaze gukora nk'umwarimu mu ishuri ryo mu cyaro.
Kwigisha ibikorwa mugihe gito byasimbuye akazi nkumuhinzi mu kigo cy'abihaye Imana. Noneho umuhanga yongeye kwishora muri pedagogy mu kigo cy'uburezi hafi ya traetbach. Hano yanditse igitabo gishya - Inkoranyamagambo y'abana yo kuvuga no kwandika, bimaze kuba umurimo wa kabiri w'umwanditsi, wasohotse mu buryo bwuzuye.
Mu 1926, yasubiye ku kazi kuri "isomo rya filozofiya-filozofiya", kubera ko yasanze yasobanuriwe nabi, kandi zimwe mu manza zasobanuwe ntabwo ari zo. Akazi ka Wittgenstein kahujwe na Aphorisms zirindwi zuzuza ibisobanuro.
Igitekerezo nyamukuru cyari umwirondoro wururimi rwumvikana rwururimi n'imiterere yisi. We mu gusobanukirwa nuwashinze ibitekerezo ntabwo ava mubintu, ahubwo ni ukuri. Ibyifuzo byabaye ibice byindimi. Dukurikije iki gitekerezo, ururimi rugengwa n'amategeko ya logique kandi rushobora kubarwa, hamwe nibyifuzo aya mategeko arenga ari ubusa. Imwe mu magambo y'ingenzi ya Taspise Yasomye:
"Icyo bidashoboka kuvuga kuri ibyo bigomba guceceka."Nyuma yaho, Wittgenstein afite ibitekerezo bishya byerekana ururimi nka sisitemu yo guhindura imirongo yuburyo, bivuguruzanya bishobora kuba bihari. Hashingiwe ku gitekerezo cyavuguruwe, umurimo wa filozofiya wagombaga gukora amategeko asobanutse yo gukoresha ibice byimvugo no kurandura kwivuguruza.
Nkuwashinze filozofiya ya filozofiya yindimi, Ludwig Wittgenstein yagize uruhare runini mugushinga filozofiya ya Anglo-Amerika yisesengura. Byongeye kandi, hashingiwe ku bitekerezo bye, igitekerezo cya positivisme yumvikana. Inzobere zifata umusanzu munini muri logique kuruhande rwabahanga "inoti ye", aho habaye imvugo ijyanye nimikino yindimi. Ibikorwa by'Ubumenyi byasabwe mu gihugu cyabo no mu mahanga. Umufilozofe wo muri Sovieti Alexander Zinovie na we yasabye ubushakashatsi.
Mu 1929, "igitabo cya Logic-filozofiya" cyatangiye nk'icyiciro muri Cambridge. Wittgenstein yakiriye umwarimu muri kaminuza y'Ubutatu.
Anchlus amaze mu 1938, umuhanga yabaye umuturage w'Ubudage. Dukurikije amategeko ya Nuremberg, umugabo yashyizwe mu muyahudi. Umufilozofe na bene wabo bari muri bake mu ba Adolf Hitler bari bafite ubwoko bwihariye. Ibi byatewe nibibazo n'amahirwe yimari yumuryango. Mu 1939, Ludwig yakiriye ubwenegihugu bw'Ubwongereza.
Muri kiriya gihe, umuhanga yasomye ibiganiro mu mibare na filozofiya muri Cambridge, ko kurwanya inyuma y'intambara za gisirikare zasaga nkaho zidashobora kwihanganira. Mu 1941, yatuye i Sanitar kugera mu bitaro bya Londere. Wittgenstein yishora mu gutanga ibiyobyabwenge muri farumasi munsi yizina ryumuntu utazi kandi aguma mu kigo cya Incognito.
Mu 1947, wa filozofiya yavuganye na bagenzi be muri Oxford muri societe ya Jowetta. Yavuye muri kaminuza ya Cambridge kandi yibanda ku kwandika ibikorwa. Amaze gusura Irlande, Ludwig yagumye muri conney. Mu 1949 basuye New York, bafashe inshuti. Muri iki gihe, yanditse "amasomo ya filozofiya", yasohowe mu 1953. Ijambo mu gitabo ryerekeye igeragezwa ryitwa "inyenzi mu gasanduku". Igitekerezo cyubushakashatsi cyahatiwe gutekereza kumiterere yururimi nuburyo bwo kuvuga ibitekerezo ku isi.
Urupfu
Philosopher yapfuye muri Mata 1951. Impamvu y'urupfu yari kanseri ya prostate. Umuhanga yashyinguwe ku mihango y'abagatolika muri Cambridge, hafi ya chapel ya Mutagatifu Egidia. Ibitabo bye "Itangiriro n'igihe", "ku kwizerwa" hamwe n'abandi basohoye nyuma y'urupfu.Ludwig Wittgenstein yakoze ibishushanyo, hamwe nabantu bakomeye bo muri filozofiya basize inyandiko zasize hamwe nibitekerezo, byerekana umwirondoro we n'ingeso. Ray Monk yavuze ku buzima bwa Otirikiya mu gitabo "Unite." Ifoto yumushakashatsi uyumunsi irashobora kuboneka mubitabo byubuhanzi nububone bwandika kuri filozofiya.
Amagambo na Aphorisms
- "Duhereye ku bintu byose bisa nkaho bidakurikiza."
- "Imwe mu mpano zingenzi ntabwo zayobewe n'ibibazo udahangayikishije."
- "Isi ni ihuriro ry'ukuri, aho kuba."
- "Ni iki twavuga muri rusange kigomba kuvugwa neza; Ibyerekeye ikintu kimwe kidashoboka kuvuga ko agomba guceceka. "
- "Impano ni isoko, yitwaje amazi yose. Ariko iyi mpeshyi irakurura niba bishimiye ko ari bibi. "
Bibliografiya
- 1913 - "Inyandiko kuri logique"
- 1921 - "GUKURIKIRA-PALOC-Philosophical
- 1929 - "Ibitekerezo byinshi ku buryo bwumvikana"
- 1953 - "Inyigisho za Filozofiya"
- 1956 - "Ibitekerezo kubyibanze byimibare"
- 1958 - "Igitabo cy'ubururu"
- 1958 - "Igitabo cyijimye"
- 1980 - "Inyigisho n'ibiganiro bijyanye na Austethestike, psychologiya n'idini"