Ubuzima
Alexander Marnesco, yahawe izina ry'icyubahiro bw'intwari y'ubumwe bw'Abasoviyeti, yari umutware w'urwego rwa 3, umuyobozi wa mazuzi ya mazutu, yagereranyaga amato ya Baltique. Mu gihe cy'itumba cyo mu 1945, agaciro kayo nicyo gikorwa, kubera ko icyombo cya gisirikare cya Fashiste cyari gikikijwe, cyahoze kibaho umugenzi "Wilhelm Gustloff".Mu bwana n'urubyiruko
Alexander Ivanovich Marneco yavukiye Odessa mu nzu y'umukozi w'umuryango w'Abaroma n'umugore wo mu bwenegihugu bw'umuhinzi. Se yari umuriro n'umusare wakoreraga mu mato y'abasivili, bityo mu bwana umuhungu yumvise inkuru zerekeye amato.
Babyeyi, bahuriye n'ubukwe mu ntangiriro ya 1910, babayeho mu buryo bworoheje kandi ntibavuka nk'abantu bakora amagana. Umuyobozi w'ejo hazaza h'ubwicanyi, wakomeje kwitonda, yari mu isosiyete ibereye mu gihe cy'abana baturanye.
Mu myaka ya za 1920, umusore Sasha yize mu ishuri ryisumbuye arangije amakarita atandatu ateganijwe ku myaka 13 yuzuye. Hanyuma, akoresheje umubano wa bene wabo, yatuye umufasha w'umusare mu bwato, buri gihe yika ku nyanja y'umukara na Azov.
Ibintu byabonye byafashije umusore kwinjira mu ishuri ryamato ya Scorter maze yinjira mu ishuri rya mutowi hamwe n'umugisha wa Data. Nyuma yo kuva mu kigo, abaye gatatu, hanyuma umufasha wa kabiri wabereye kapiteni w'ubwato bwa Odessa.
Abagenzi bibutse ko Alegizandere yashakaga gukoresha ubuzima bw'amato y'ubucuruzi, kandi ntiyatekerezaga ku mwuga w'ingabo. Ibintu byateye imbere kuburyo umugabo yamenyekanye kuri uyu murima.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Mu myaka ya za 1930, Nina Cariukhina, waje kuba umugore we wagaragaye mubuzima bwite bwa komanda wa submarine wa submarine. Nyuma yuko umukobwa amaze kuvuka, Leonora Marneco, umugabo wari ufite imico yuje urukundo, mugihe gito.Mu gihe cy'intambara, Alexander IVanovich yabuze icyizere cy'uwo bashakanye, kuko buri gihe yatangiye ibitabo kuruhande. Umuryango wacitse, maze Bavuka muri Odesa atangira kubana na Valentine Inkuba, wabaye nyina wa nyina wa Tatiana.
Inzira
Byose byatangiriye kuba no kugwa kwa 1933 Marinekol Pourevka yoherejwe mumasomo yihariye ya command formand of the pofe itukura. Amazi yo mu mazi y'imbaraga z'Abasoviyeti basabye abayobozi b'inararibonye.
Maruneko - Umuntu ufite uburebure buringaniye, yatunze ubwenge butyaye nubushobozi bwe buhebuje, ariko indero ye yasize byinshi byifuzwa. Nubwo bimeze bityo ariko, umusore umenyereye kwerekana kumugaragaro igitekerezo cye, yatsinze aho abategetsi kandi bakira biranga abayobozi.
Abahawe impamyabumenyi bashinzwe ku mwanya wa Navigator Submarine sh-306 ("pike"), yarimo muri squadron y'amato ya Baltique. Mu mpeshyi yo mu 1936, igihe ingabo z'Abasoviyeti zatangije gahunda y'ibihugu bya gisirikare ya Sofamile, Alexandre yabaye Liyetona.
Nyuma yigihe, Marisiko yagabanutseho amahirwe yo kongera imyitozo yashyizweho nubuyobozi bwa banderyine ya banner Red Banner Red Banner Red Banner, yemerewe gutangiza serivisi mumazi ya L-1 ("Mwana").
Ku ntangiriro y'intambara ikomeye yo gukunda igihugu, ubwato bwategetswe na Marneco, yimuriwe ku murwa mukuru wa Esitoniya. Hagati mu mpeshyi yo mu 1941, ubwato bwagize uruhare mu birori mu kigobe cya Riga kandi bidatinze yakiriye indishyi zisaba gusana igihe kirekire.
Kusohoka mu kivuko muri Kanama 1942, ubwato bwatsinze gahunda z'abanzi batanu, kandi nyuma y'amezi abiri y'abanzi, kandi nyuma y'amezi abiri ya M-96 bitandukanije mugihe cyo gufatira ibikoresho byatsinzwe "Enigma". Ibikorwa bya Marinesko mumyaka yambere yo kurwanya Fashiste byaranzwe na gahunda ya Lenin n'umutwe wa Kapiteni wurwego rwa 3.
Umuyobozi w'Abasoviyeti mu bihe by'imyidagaduro yirengagije amategeko yashyizweho n'aya mategeko yashizweho, nimugoroba wo gusohoka mu nyanja yasohotse ku nyanja yakiriye igihano. Umugabo ntabwo yakuwe mubikorwa byo kurwana kandi yemerewe kuguma kumazi hamwe na moteri ebyiri za mazutu.
Mu gihe cy'itumba, "igitero kizwi cyane" cyabaye mu itumba ryatsinze 1945th - icyombo hamwe na C-13 cyangije abanzi barenga igihumbi. Intego yari ibitaro bireremba byo mu mato yo mu Budage "Wilhelm Gustloff", wahoze ufite umugenzi w'abagenzi hagati ya 30.
Ukwezi kumwe yibi birori, gushyirwa mumateka nka feat, ubwato bwirukanye umurongo "rusange Shtyben" muburyo bwa Gdansk Bay. Kapiteni wurwego rwa 3, wabaye umwanzi wawe bwite wa fuhrer, yababariye asohora kandi ahabwa itegeko rya banneri itukura.
Ubukangurambaga bwa nyuma bwa Marneco bwarangiye akoresheje kunanirwa gukuru: umuyobozi wa submarine yabonye ubwato bw'Ubudage, ariko ntiyashobora kumutera. Ibikorwa byintwari Intambara ikomeye yo gukunda igihugu yamenyekanye bidashimishije bitewe nuko ubwato bwasohoye.
Amazina ya Nikolay Nikolai Gerasimovich Kuznetsov yatangije gukuraho umuyobozi uva kumwanya no kugabanuka mu ntera. Kavukire ya Odessa yagurijwe ku bayobozi b'umugenzi aguma ku mato ya Baltique kugeza yirukanwe.
Nyuma y'intambara
Mu mpera z'imyaka 40, Marineko yafashe umwanya w'umutwe wa sitasiyo yo guterwa amaraso mu kigo cy'ubushakashatsi i Leningrad. Hanyuma, yashinjwaga mu buryo butunguranye "gutandukana bisobanura." Kuba umukapiteni w'ipeshyi wa 3 yakatiwe igifungo, yateje reaction idasobanutse hamwe n'inyungu rusange.Intwari y'intambara yagambiriye igihano mu mudugudu wa Khabarovsk mu karere ka Khabarovsk, yarekuwe yinjiye mu ngendo yari afite mu bushakashatsi bw'akarere ka OneZhsky-Ladoga. Mu myaka ya za 1950, ubwo ubushakashatsi bwarahagaze, Alexander Ivanovich yayoboye ishami ritanga muri imwe mu bigo bya Leningrad.
Urupfu
Mu myaka yashize, Marinesko yagize ibibazo byubuzima kandi apfa kubera uburwayi mu 1963. Mugushyingo, mu mushyingo, ubwato bwashyinguwe mu irimbi rya Bogoslovsky i St. Petersburg.
Igihe kinini cyane mu bitabiriye "igitero cy'ikinyejana" cyari gitangiriye. Mu mpera z'imyaka 70, abantu bibutse ku ba komanda w'icyubahiro, abantu batangira kuhagera.
Mu myaka yo kuvugurura, ku byerekeye itegeko, Mikhail Sergeevich Gorbachev Gordav yasubijwe kandi yubaha izina ry'intwari muri Leta ya Soviet Soviti Poweti. Mu migi nk'iyi nka Kalingrad, KronsAdt, Odessa na Sevastopol, inzibutso n'imihanda byagaragaye byitwa izina rya submariner.
Muri St. Petersburg, ku biro by'abasare, inzu ndangamurage y'ingabo z'amazi z'Uburusiya zashyizweho. Hashyire imenyekanisha ry'amafoto, ibihembo n'ibikombe bya gisirikare byo mu 1941-1945, ndetse no guhagararana na biografiya n'ibishushanyo by'abitabiriye ubukangurambaga bwinshi.
Ibihembo
- Intwari ya Leta zunze ubumwe z'Abasoviyeti
- Gahunda ya lenin
- Gahunda ya banneri itukura
- Umudari "Kurwanya Imfuruka"
- Umudari "Kurengera Leningrad"
- Umudari "wo gutsinda Ubudage mu ntambara ikomeye yo gukunda igihugu 1941-1945."
- Umudari "Mu kwibuka Isabukuru yimyaka 250 ya Leningrad"
Kwibuka
- Izina A. I. Marneco yambara Odessa Ishuri ryinshi.
- Urwibutso A. I. Marneco yashyizwe muri Odessa, Kalinged, KronsAdt, Mutagatifu Petersburg na Lochwice.
- Ubuzima bwa Marinsko bweguriwe kuri firime zubuhanzi "mugihe cyo kwibagirwa", "mbere nyuma yImana" na "gustloff".
- Ppodevig A. I. Marneco yasobanuwe mu byatsi bya Gucyacya gucya gucya gucya gucya gucya gucyaha ".
- Ku ntwari y'intwari y'ubumwe bw'Abasoviyeti bw'Urwego rwa 3 rw'urwego rwa 3 rwa Maneko A.I. Ufite urwibutso rw'intwari n'urwibutso mu mujyi wa Mikhailovsk yo mu karere ka Stoporty.
- Umudari w'Urwibutso Yurwibutso "imyaka 100 kuva ivuka ry'intwari y'inzego z'Abasoviyeti afite A. I. MERSCO" yarekuwe.
- Mu 1983, ingabo z'abanyeshuri bo mu ishuri rya Odessa No 105 (Itsinda ry'Ishakisha "kwibuka umutima") ryakozwe na inzu ndangamurage yitiriwe A. I. Marnesco.