Ubuzima
Umuhanga mu by'imitekerereze ya Leonid Zankov Kuva mu 1930 yize ibiranga uburezi n'amahugurwa y'abana bafite ubudahangarwa mu iterambere. Ubumenyi bwegeranijwe na we ni isoko yingirakamaro muri defentilologiya zigezweho na olophreperiptogic. Nashimishijwe numuhanga kandi nzima abasore - uko batekereza ko bibuka uburyo ukuri kugaragara. Ibisubizo byimyaka myinshi yo kwiga byari gahunda ya didactique ya zankov, ubu yemewe rwose kandi ishyira mu gaciro, kandi mugihe cya USSR, guhanga udushya.Mu bwana n'urubyiruko
Leonid Vladimirovich Zankov yavutse ku ya 23 Mata 1901 i Warsaw, Umujyi w'Ubwami bw'Uburusiya. Ubwana bwe bwanyuze mumuryango wumupolisi ukikijwe na bashiki bacu na barumuna babiri. Abana ntibigishijwe siyanse shingiro gusa - imibare, siyanse karemano, amateka, ariko nindimi zamahanga, guhanga. Inyenyeri izaza yerekanaga muri muzika cyane.
Umukundwa wa Zankov yari ibitabo. Amarangamutima yateje akazi kenshi nkuwatanze umwarimu, inyungu ze mugushinga abanyeshuri. Kubwibyo, arangije imikino ngororamubiri mu 1916, yatekereje kuri Leoonid kubyerekeye mwarimu uzaza. Ahita amenya icyo yifuza - yagiye muri Turki, umudugudu w'ingabo za Tula, no gutura mu ishuri.
Mu 1919, Zankov yahuye bwa mbere n'abangavu bakomeye. Yerekeje ubuhinzi bw'ubuhinzi bw'abana mu ntara ya Tambov, aho habaye inva. Byari ngombwa kugerageza cyane kwanduza ashishikaye, kandi dushishikajwe no kwiga. Leonid yatsinze iki kibazo.
Mu 1920, yimuriwe muri koloni "Ostrovnya" ya koloni ya Moscou, aho yakoraga kugeza igihe yinjiye muri kaminuza ya Leta ya Moscou mu 1922.
Muri kaminuza ya Leta ya Moscow, Leonid Zankov yahuye n'umujyanama we Lvom Segonovich Vygotsky. Yari afite imyaka 26 gusa, kandi umunyeshuri afite imyaka 21. Urubyiruko rwari rumenyerewe cyane, hamwe rwunvise ibyibanze nibitekerezo byimbitse bya psychologiya. Urupfu rwa Merade mu 1934 Leonid Vladimirovich yabonaga ko ari igihombo ku giti cye.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Mu buzima bw'umuntu mu mitekerereze hari ahantu h'abagore bakundwa - muka Anne JosephovNa, umuririmbyi uzwi cyane, n'abakobwa na Natalia Leoniovna, umuririmbyi wa Onatalia Leoniya Zankova, wabaye Piyano. Umubano wumuryango wategetse imbaraga, uhuza. N'ubundi kandi, mu rugo, mu ruziga rwa bene wabo, Leodimirovich yashoboraga kubona amahoro no kurangaza akazi.Anna JosephovNna, umugore udasobanutse, yakundaga cyane uwo bashakanye. Abo mu gihe cyibuka uburyo yakusanyaga hamwe na mugitondo na sasita, nkuko ishati ya psychologue yarebye neza. Ibi, by, biragaragara mumafoto. Yakinnye uruhare rwe n'ubutasi bwuzuye iperereza bwa Leonid ya Leonid - ntiyashoboraga kubona akazi gake.
Ibikorwa bya siyansi
Kubwimpamvu zifatika, igipimo cy'uburumbuke bw'abana hamwe no gutandukana muri USSR byari byinshi. Abahanga babonye umurimo wabo w'ingenzi wo gukora igitekerezo kidasanzwe cyo kwiga n'iterambere. Kuri iyi ngingo, Leonid Zankov yagize uruhare runini muri siyanse.
Ibintu byubushakashatsi bwe bwamaganwe mumutwe, ibipfamatwi, guceceka kandi bifite urwego rwagabanijwe rwabana. Nyuma yo kuvugana nabo, yanzuye avuga ko bidashoboka kwigisha abana bisanzwe kandi badasanzwe: buri mwana akeneye ibihe byihariye kugirango ubumenyi bwiza. Abana badasanzwe, bareba intsinzi ya bagenzi babo bafite impano, bafunze kandi batengushye ubwabo, izindi ngo zishinyagurika vuba.
Mbere ya Leodimirovich, abantu bake bamwitayeho cyane. Niwe wanditse umurimo wa mbere w'ibanze kuri deferilogiya, wasobanuye amahame yo gutegura imyigire, wa mbere yavugaga ko bikwiye kugena imitwe yo mu mutwe. Umuhanga mu by'imitekerereze yafatwaga nk'ingenzi cyane, kubera ko adahari nko kubura ibisanzwe, ariko umwana w'isoni gato yashoboraga kwinjira mu itsinda ritongwa, ndetse n'abatumva - mu ishuri risanzwe.
Mubikorwa bye, Leonid Zankov ntabwo yahuye nuko abana batandukana muri bagenzi babo inyuma yurungano rwabo, ariko ko, nkuko bigomba kuzanwa ukundi. Noneho, iyo wigisha abana bayobora umutwe, gushimangira bikorwa kubikoresho biboneka, kuko biri muriki gice cyo gutekereza kunanirwa bibaho.
Birashimishije, ariko psychologiya yo kurera abana bafite lag mu iterambere ntabwo aribwo buryo nyamukuru bwagezweho bwa Leodimirovich. Birakwiye kwitondera ibikorwa bye bya Pedagoge byateye imbere muri sisitemu yumwanditsi. Mu myaka ya za 1960, yamenyeshejwe cyane ku mashuri abanza.
Ishingiro rya sisitemu ya snan ni uko buri mwana ari umuntu ku giti cye. Gahunda yishuri ntigomba kubakwa hakurikijwe ihame ryugereranije, kandi abanyantege nke ntibakeneye gukomera kubanyeshuri beza. Umuntu wese arashobora kuba umupadiri, niba wakiriye ubumenyi mukirere cyiza cyane.
Leonid Zankov ashimangira ko abana bakeneye gutanga umwanya wo gushaka igisubizo no mu ngingo zigoye, bibemerera gukora amakosa kandi ntibihagaritse. Nta bumenyi buzabaho, budateganijwe na bagenzi be ku barimu ku gitabo. Kandi mumasomo yishuri birakenewe kumenyekanisha amasomo ahuza - kwigisha siyanse kamere muri kamere, kandi umara amasomo yumuziki muri theatre.
Uburyo bwa buri muntu busa n'ubwenge mu kinyejana cya XXI, byafatwaga nkaho ari udushya muri USSR. Abarimu benshi na psychologue banenzwe Leonimirovich. Kubwibyo, nyuma y'urupfu rwe, sisitemu ya didaktique yararanduwe. Yakiriye umwuka wa kabiri mu 1996, kuba umwitero wakozwe n'amahame ya Daniel Elkonin na Vastily Davydov.
Kugeza mu 2014, amashuri agera kuri 30% yishora muri gahunda ya Sankov, noneho ibitabo bye byakuwe kurutonde rwababwebwe. Ariko abarimu babona uburyo bwa defeteri yimubu nyabwo, bagikigisha abana mu myumvire ye ku kaga kabo kabo. Abantu bahuje ibitekerezo bihuza urubuga rwemewe rwamahugurwa yuburezi.
Urupfu
Leoonid Zankov yababajwe n'ubuzima bwe, atinya kwandura. Byari byiza cyane gusubiramo ibintu byubuzima bwintare Vygotsky, byatwitse igituntu.Lionid Vladimirovich's biografiya yarangiye ku ya 27 Ugushyingo 1977. Impamvu y'urupfu ni isanzwe - umuhanga mu by'imitekerereze yabaga ku mwaka wa 77. Umurambo we washyinguwe mu ntangiriro y'imbiya rya Moscow (Ikibanza cya 18). Imvange hamwe na Zankov igabanya uwo bashakanye. Anna JosephovNna Maluta yapfuye ku ya 19 Kamena 1998.
Bibliografiya
- 1935 - "Inyandiko za psychologiya umwana usubira inyuma"
- 1944 - "Kwibuka byishuri, psychologiya na pedagogy"
- 1945 - "Ibibazo byo kuvuga, imvururu no kwiyongera"
- 1949 - "Kwibuka"
- 1958 - "Guhuza amagambo yumwarimu nuburyo bwo kugaragara mukwiga"
- 1960 - "Amashusho no Gukora Abanyeshuri Kwiga"
- 1962 - "Ku ngingo nuburyo bwo gukora ubushakashatsi bwa didactique"
- 1963 - "Ku Kwiga Ibanze"
- 1968 - "Didatique n'Ubuzima"
- 1973 - "Amahitamo kugiti cye kugirango iterambere ryabasore bakiri bato"
- 1975 - "Ibiganiro hamwe nabarimu"
- 1975 - "Amahugurwa n'iterambere"