Ubuzima
Amateka ya kera akomeza amazina menshi yicyubahiro, mumirongo yabo na feminiocl - umuntu uhagaze kumgoga ya demokarasi ya Atene. Cicero agira ati: Ikigereki cyari umudipolomate, uruhara, ARCHEN na Komanda kandi icyarimwe yafatwaga nk'ibidasanzwe muri Ateniniya. Ingufu, umunyabyaha n'umunyapolitike bafite intego yabayeho neza ubuzima, amaze kwibasirwa n'ubwiza n'uburakari bwo kwirukanwa.Mu bwana n'urubyiruko
TheBosecles yavutse muri Atenayi hafi 524 mbere ya Yesu. er, yakomotse ku bwoko bw'abatambyi. Se yitwaga Neookl, kandi amakuru yerekeye nyina ntavuguruzanya. Bwira ko atari mu Banyatene nubwoko bwari bworoshye, ariko umuhungu afite amahirwe yose y'umuturage wa Politiki, kuko yabazwe na se. Nyuma, mugihe cya Pericale, abashakanye bafatwaga bitemewe, kandi abana bagaragara muri iyo miryango bamenyekana ko bitemewe.
TheMistokla yagize amahirwe yo kuvuka mbere yo kwemeza itegeko riteye ubwenegihugu, ariko ntiyashobora kwirata amategeko menshi muri sosiyete. Kuva mu bwana, Umugereki yamenyereye kwiringira wenyine, yashakaga guteza imbere imbaraga zimbere nubwigenge. Umwarimu yabonye ibintu byiza muri byo kandi ntabwo ari imico yoroshye kandi byerekana ko umwana atazahinduka mediocre.
Umuhungu yagize ati: "Ikintu gikomeye, cyangwa cyiza, cyangwa kibi, kigomba kuva muri iki gihe cya Atene gito."Kandi ntiyakunze ibirori, abandi bana barwaye imikino, baruhukira mu kwiga, bakishora mu bitekerezo cyangwa kwandika disikuru. Umusore wumusore yabaye inyuma yibikorwa bya politiki no guhindura imbaraga kenshi. Terana yamburaga, yifashishije ubwicanyi, na demokarasi muri Atens bagerageje gushinga gusa na clisteni gusa muri 510 mbere ya Yesu. Ns. Nyuma yo gutangiza Ostambism muri Politiki, Tiranans n'abandi baturage ba DUBES birukaga, umujyi utangira gutera imbere.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Plutarch Vasits ko ubuzima bwihariye bwumugore bwarasenyutse, aho se yamusize nta murage. Ariko, niba hazaba ingamba za Ateneya hanyuma ugenda mu busore bwe, nyuma aracyakonje maze atangira umuryango. Umugore we yabaye Archite ukomoka muri Dema Alobe, wabyaye uwo mwashakanye abahungu batatu, Archentol, Polyevkta na Kleofanta. Muri icyo gihe, bavuga ko abana bo mu bandi bagore bo mu kigereki batari munsi ya barindwi.Ibikorwa
Sisitemu nshya ya politiki yashinzwe muri Atenayi yemerewe kuza kubutegetsi abo bantu badashobora kubitekerezaho. Umugore rero rero ashobora gusenya hejuru kubera imico myiza gusa. Yari azi uburyo bwo gushukwa kandi bushishikarizwa kuvuga, kuba mubireba no gushiraho umubano. Umusore ufite kwibuka cyane, yarwanyije neza, yari afite impano ya diplomacy kandi yizeye byoroshye.
Kuba yarakunzwe mubantu, na 494 mbere ya 494 mbere. Ns. Abarisicles babaye archon - umukozi wakazi, umuyobozi mukuru. Yafashe ivugurura ryemereye guhinduranya Ateni muri Leta ikomeye yo mu nyanja. Bitewe n'ibikorwa bya Greg Polis, amato ya gisirikare yabonye amato ya gisirikare ayitanga imbaraga. Nyuma yo gutsinda umuyobozi wa Atene wa Miltiad mu ntambara ya marato ya feminioche yafataga na komisiyo.
Bashoboye kubimenya mu ntambara ndende y'intambara za Greco-Persian. Guhangana kwambere gukomeye kwabaye kuri Artemicia. Ngaho, archont yirutse mu buhanganye n'uko amato yamuhaye, ariko gutsindwa kwa tsar ya spartan.
Icyakora, fememicles yo mu mayeri y'uruhare rw'Umwami wa Xerxes mu ntambara ya salamini, aho Abanyatene bavunitse mu ntambara yo ku rugamba hamwe no kwishyura muri 479 mbere ya Yesu. Gatangira rero icyubahiro cya Atenayi nubugome bwabo hejuru yimijyi yubugereki. Ubutunzi bwigaruriwe bwashowe muri kugwiza imbaraga za gisirikare za Politiki.
Ariko rero, ibyiza byo gusabana ntibishobora kwinjizwa no kuba maso kwabenegihugu bagenzi bacu bakekwaho kuba bashishikajwe no gushimangira imbaraga zonyine hejuru ya Atenayi kandi, wenda, ndetse no hejuru ya allade yose. Ibi byavuguruye amahame ya demokarasi, imfatiro z'ubwoko bwemeye ubwe bwarashize. Byongeye kandi, indi mijyi ntiyishimiye umusoro, umutegetsi wa Atene wakusanyije, maze atukwa muri ruswa. Ubwanyuma, bagenzi be birukanye Umukiza wabo kuva kurukuta rwumujyi.
Urupfu
Abaturage b'abantu bakorewe Ostacs bashoboye gutwara hafi ya Paul Bugereki, bemeranijwe i Argos, kuri Kertira, muri Epiro na Syracuse. Pokka kandi wubahe Abanyatene babonetse muri Aziya, aho Umwami w'Ubuperesi Aritaxerx yahaye umuyobozi w'itangazamakuru mu micungire y'imijyi myinshi. Icyakora, umunezero wakomeje kuva kera: umutegetsi yategetse ko abacamanza batangira ubukangurambaga bwo kurwanya Abagereki. Nubwo igihugu cye cyashinjwaga ubuhemu maze gikatirwa urwo gupfa, igitekerezo nk'iki gitanga cyemewe kubera isoni no kunywa uburozi.Kwiyahura bifatwa nkimpamvu yo gupfa kw'urupfu rw'akazi ka Atenayi, nk'uko iyindi verisiyo, nyuma ya byose muri 459 mbere ya Yesu. Ns. Umugabo yari kure.
Imva nziza y'Abagereki yubatswe muri Magnesia-kuri-nyaburo mu Bwami bwa Achmenidov, aho umugaba w'ingabo n'abamukomokaho bubahwa nk'intwari. Gucira ifoto ku ifoto, amatongo amwe yagumye mu mujyi, no gushyingura abantu benshi bahanaguye ku isi, ariko, ibiranga Abanyateniya byafashe bust.
Mu buhanzi
- 1718 - Opera Nikol Porgin "FeminioCl"
- 1772 - Opera Johanna Bach "Geminike"
- 1785 - Opera Francois-Andre Pliiradora "Genunoke"
- 1962 - Filime "300 Spantans" (Umukinnyi Ralph Richardson)
- 1975 - Igitabo cyurukundo cya Voronkovaya "Intwari ya Salamin"
- 2008 - Igitabo Viktor Porchnikova "Feminoke"
- 2014 - Filime "300 Spartans: Gutera imbere kw'ingoma" (Umukinnyi Sullivan Steptontton)