Mikhail Speransky - Ifoto, ubuzima, ubuzima bwite, butera urupfu, Umuvugizi

Anonim

Ubuzima

Izina rya Mikhail Speransky ryashyizwe kumurongo umwe hamwe nabavugurura isi. Umunyapolitiki uko akomoka gushidikanya yashoboye gukora umwuga mwiza kubera ibitekerezo no gukora cyane. Umudepite akora nk'umunyamabanga w'umunyamabanga w'umuryango wa Alexandre Nanjye na Nicolae nashyize urufatiro rw'ubumenyi bwemewe mu Burusiya. Kuko agaciro kubabyeyi bahawe izina ryabarwa.

Mu bwana n'urubyiruko

Mikhail Mikhaiach yavutse ku ya 1 Mutarama 1772 mu mudugudu wa Cherkutino, wari mu ntara ya Vladimir, maze aba imfura mu muryango. Data yakoraga ku rusengero, Mama yari umukobwa wa DYAKON. Grad Vesily yishora mu burezi bw'umwana, wabwiye umwuzukuru ku gikoresho cy'isi. Misha yize hakiri kare gusoma. Mu bwana yanditswe muri seminari ya Vladimir Diyoseya.

Hano umunyeshuri ntiyakiriye ubumenyi gusa, ahubwo yanavuze izina rya Speransky, ishingiro ryamagambo y'Ikilatini Spero ari "Ibyiringiro". Kubwibyo, birashobora gusobanurwa nk "kugahura ibyiringiro." Kandi umuseneminari ukiri muto yerekanye neza, kwibuka neza, ubushobozi bwo gucukumbura byombi ubumuntu nubumenyi karemano.

Ubuzima Bwihariye

Ubuzima bwihariye muri biografiya yumudepite yateye imbere cyane. Mu 1798, Mikhail Mikhaich yanditseho Steveth w'imyaka 17 y'amavuko. Uwo bashakanye SpenSansky yabaye mu muryango w'abashuka ba Angilican. Umwaka umwe, umukobwa yaravutse, yitiriwe nyina. Ariko, umunezero wisura yumwana warengewe nurupfu rwa mbere yumugore ukomoka i Chakhotka.

Kureka umugore we byabaye ibyago ku mugabo kandi bimurwa bihebye. Ubuzima bwose bw'Ubuyobozi bwabayeho njyenyine, nta bana yari afite.

Mu 1822, Elizabeti yashakanye n'umutware Alexander Frolova-Bagreyev. Nyuma, umwuzukuru we Mikhail Cantasuzen nkikimenyetso cyo kubaha agaciro ka sogokuru yahawe uburenganzira bwo kwambara speransky.

Ibikorwa

Nyuma ya Seminari, umusore yabaye umunyeshuri wo mu rwego rwa St. Petersburg yo mu mwuka. Amaze guhabwa uburezi muri iki kigo, yagumye hano atangira kuyobora amasomo kuri disipuline isanzwe ya siyansi. Amasomo arimo imibare, fiziki, imvugo. Kuva 1795, yakiriye umunyamabanga w'imigewe mu gikomangoma alexei Barusovich kurakina, ugereranije na ruguru akomeza gutanga inyigisho.

Igihe, mu 1796, Paul nazamutse ku ntebe y'ubwami, igikomangoma cyafashe umwanya wa Porokireri Mukuru kandi gisaba Speransky kuva mu kwigisha no gutangiza serivisi mu biro. Yarabyemeye ndetse no mu ntera y'umujyanama wa Tilalar yinjiye mu biro by'Ibiro.

Mu gihe gito, Mikhail Mikhaich yahise yurira urwego rw'umwuga. Nyuma y'amezi 3 nyuma yo kubona serivisi rusange, urwego rwabasemuzi ba kaminuza rwakiriwe, kandi ku ya 17999 Ukuboza Yabaye Umujyanama ushushanya.

Mu 1801, Alexandre najyanye umwanya se, nyuma y'ibyo, Speransky yagaragaye undi mwanya - Umunyamabanga wa Leta muri Dmitry Prokofievich Troinsky, washinzwe umunyamabanga wa Leta mu mwami mushya. Inyongy guhindura ubuzima mu gihugu kugira ngo irusheho kuba nziza mu Burusiya, aho yashinzwe komite ishinzwe kuremo, aho yakusanyije abantu bakunda.

Ku byerekeye umuyoboke w'ibitekerezo bye bya Viktor Pavlovich Kochloander Pavlovich yarebye umukozi ufite impano. Nyuma yo kwimisha umutegetsi, Mikhail Mikhaiaich yafashije ko imishinga myinshi yo kuvugurura Leta. Bidatinze, kurengera Kochbey, yinjiye mu ruziga rw'abantu basobanura politiki y'igihugu.

Mu 1803, iryo tegeko kuri blades ndem ryararekuwe, mu iterambere ry'amasezerano na bo yabigizemo uruhare. Dukurikije inyandiko, aba nyir'ubutaka bashoboraga kurekura abatware bamanika igihugu cyabo. Ku ngoma ya Alexandre I, abantu ibihumbi 37 bakiriye umudendezo.

Umufasha w'umukuru w'igihugu ntabwo yakoraga gusa mu gutegura impapuro z'ingenzi, ariko nanone iherekeje mwene Pawulo Jye mu ngendo. Mu 1808, inama y'umwami na Napoleon na bo bonaparte yabaye muri Erfurt. Mu gihe cyo kumenyana n'umutegetsi w'Ubufaransa bigaruriye uburezi bw'umujyanama w'Uburusiya. Nk'uko umugani, yansabye Alexander Pavlovich kugira ngo amuhe Mikhail Mikhaiaich mu rwego rwo kubwo guhana ubwami bumwe.

Kugaruka mu Burusiya, Speransky yakomeje gushyiraho amategeko mashya. Mu 1809, yerekanye umushinga w'ivugurura ry'amafaranga, nyuma yarekuwe itegeko rye ku bizamini ku mukomu. Ku bwe, ingabo z'abagenzuzi ba Koleji n'umujyanama wa Stade Stade gusa imbere ya Dipolome ya kaminuza cyangwa hamwe no gutanga amasomo ya kaminuza. Udushya twateje kutanyurwa muri societe, cyane cyane mu banyacyubahiro n'abayobozi, inyungu zabo "zakomeretse" cyane.

Umugambi washyizweho ushinzwe kuvugurura, Alexandre nahuraga mu mujyanama, avuga ko ahita asubiza umutegetsi. Ubwa mbere, Mugenga w'Uburusiya yasize ibyo bihuha atabitayeho, ariko buhoro buhoro yumvira imbaraga z'abagambanyi. Mu 1812, Speransky yashinjwaga ubuhemu, barafashwe bakajyanwa mu bunyage, hanyuma mu isambu bakomeye.

Kubaho neza, umunyamabanga wa Leta agurisha impano yakiriwe kuri serivisi. Opan yarangiye mu 1816, ubwo noneho Mikhail Mikhaiah yoherejwe i Manza akiri guverineri mushya.

Mu 1819, yashyizweho na Guverineri mukuru wa Siberiya. Ageze kuri Irkutsk, umugabo yabonye ihohoterwa ryinshi ryakozwe n'abayobozi b'inzego z'ibanze, maze atangira guhindura ibikorwa. Kubera iyo mpamvu, byashobokaga kugera ku iterambere rikomeye mubuzima bwabaturage baho.

Nyuma yimyaka 2, ibibazo bya leta byashoboye gusubira i St. Petersburg, yakiriye umwanya wa komisiyo ishinzwe gukusanya amategeko, ariko ntibigifite uruhare rwabanje mu rukiko rwa Alexandere I. Mu Gushyingo 1825, Umutegetsi w'Uburusiya yarapfuye, Ukuboza, Speransky yateguye Manifeste mu nziba n'inzibacyuho ya Nicholas I.

Umwami mushya yategetse Mikhail Mikhaich kugira ngo amategeko ahire amategeko yasohotse mu Bwami mu binyejana bya 2 byanyuma. Mu 1827, imirimo ibiri yateguwe - "inama yuzuye y'amategeko y'ubwami bw'Uburusiya" na "Amategeko y'amategeko y'ubwami bw'Uburusiya". Mu 1834, ku nkunga ya Spevensky, amashuri yisumbuye y'amategeko, yateguraga abihanze. Kuva mu 1835, yahinduye umwarimu Alexander Nikolayevich, umwami uzaza.

Urupfu

Muri Mutarama 1839, kuba icyo gihe umujyanama w'ibanga, Mikhail Mikhaiahich yakiriye umutwe w'intara, ariko amurwa igihe kirekire. Yamaze muri Gashyantare uwo mwaka, yarapfuye. Impamvu y'urupfu yabaye imbeho. Imva ya Umunyapolitiki iherereye ku butaka bwa Alexandre na Lavra.

Kwibuka

  • Umudari wa zahabu witiriwe M. M. Speransky
  • Inzu Ndangamurage n'Imurika mu mudugudu wa Cherkutino
  • Umuhanda wa Mikhail Umuhanda mu mudugudu wa Cherkutino, Mutagatifu Petersburg, Vladimir, Tyumen, Penza, Ude,
  • Square Mikhail Speransky muri Irkutsk
  • Izina rya Speransky ni aya mashami y'amategeko i Moscou na Vladimir, ikigo cyabereye muri Irkutsk, amashuri muri Rostov-On-Don na Vladimir
  • Urwibutso rwa Speransky muri Perm, Belgorod na Irkutsk

Ivugurura

  • Kuvugurura umusaruro wa Chesky
  • Umushinga wo kubitsa inzego z'icyaha cy'Uburusiya
  • Gutegeka imitwe y'urukiko
  • Ibigo byo gucunga intara za Siberiya
  • Amategeko agenga ubwami bw'Uburusiya
  • Iteka rya Blade
  • Igikorwa cyo kugenzura ku mategeko y'ibanze ya Leta
  • Igikorwa cyo kugenzura kuri gagereza ibangamiye rusange
  • Igikorwa cyo kugenzura ibitekerezo rusange
  • Amashure y'amashuri yo mu mwuka
  • Itegeko ngenzuramikorere ku Gushiraho Inama Njyanama ya Leta
  • Gahunda yo guhinduranya Leta

Soma byinshi