Jesse Owens - Amafoto, Ubuzima, Bitera Urupfu, Ubuzima Bwawe, Umukinnyi wumunyamerika

Ubuzima

Jesse Owens yari intwari yimikino Olempike ya 1936 - Umukinnyi wo muri Reta zunzubumwe za Amerika inshuro enye kuzamuka mukipe. Umwanditsi w'isi ku isi itatu yafunguye umuhanda uhinyure mu isi y'icyubahiro n'icyubahiro, akubita umurongo wa 6 wo kugereranya abakinnyi bakomeye bo mu kinyejana cya 20, batangaza kuri BBC Imikino ya siporo ikomeye.

Mu bwana n'urubyiruko

Jye James Cleveland Owens yavutse ku ya 12 Nzeri 1913 mu mujyi wa Okville Alabama. Ubuzima bwe bwatangiriye mu nzu abana icyenda bamaze gukura. Nk'uko amakuru atabikuyeho, sogokuru n'abuzukuru b'umukinnyi uzaza bari imbata zabakire, umuhungu wese hamwe na bashiki bacu ba kabiri n'abavandimwe benshi bari mu gisekuru cya kabiri cy'Abanyafurika kubuntu.

Henry Cleveland Owens na Mariya Emma Fitma Razgerald kugeza intangiriro y'ibyabaye bigamije gutandukanya abaturage ba Leta z'Amerika n'abahoze ari imbata zabasaruwe mu majyepfo y'uburambuzi bw'igihugu. Nyuma yuko kubaho mu bihe by'ivangura rishingiye ku moko ntibyihanganirwa, umuryango wimukiye muri Cleveland, ku nkombe nziza z'ikiyaga cya Erie.

Ishimwe rya Batty Amashusho

Ngaho, umwana w'imyaka 9 yagiye mu mashuri yisumbuye kandi yari amaze kwiyandikisha mu ruzinduko rwanditswe ku izina rya Yese. Ibi byabaye bitewe nuko umwarimu wo mu majyaruguru atumva imvugo yihariye yumunyururu mushya, utangwa nka Ji.

Nkumwana, Owens yerekanye ubushobozi bwo kwiga - ururimi, imibare nubuvanganzo byari byoroshye kuri we. Mu gihe cye cy'ubusa, umuhungu yafashaga ababyeyi be, akora nk'ubutumwa bwo gutanga ibicuruzwa, umutwaro n'umufasha wa Wizard Wizard.

Padiri, umukozi w'urusyo rw'ibyuma, yerekeje ku kuba Umwana yiyongera muri cm 180 kandi apima abah 75 yakunzwe vuba. Iyo umwangavu yatangwaga kwiyandikisha mu gice cya siporo cyateguwe na Charles Riley Umutoza wa Charles Riley, bahisemo mu Nama y'umuryango ari amahirwe adashobora kubura.

Ntabwo yari yibeshye cyane ku ruhame ya siporo, kuba umunyeshuri w'ishuri ryisumbuye rya tekiniki rya tekinike muri Cleveland. Nyuma y'amahugurwa ya mbere ayobowe n'umujyanama w'inararibonye, ​​yagereranywaga n'isi yose mu kwiruka metero 100 kandi asimbukira muri Shampiyona y'Ibigo 1933, yabereye i Chicago.

Nyuma y'umutwe we wo mu muryango wa Owens wasanze akazi kemeje ko mu bukungu ku rubavu rw'imibereho, Yese yakomeje amashuri ye muri kaminuza ya Leta ya Ohio. Gukomeza kwishora muri siporo mu ikipe ya Larry Snider, umusore yatsindiye imidari umunani ya zahabu muri Shampiyona ya NCAA hagati ya 1930.

Intsinzi ntabwo yazanye ibihembo. Hatariho buruse, yakomeje gukora kugirango yishyure kandi afashe bene wabo.

Ubuzima Bwihariye

Hamwe n'umugore uzaza wa Minnie Ruth Salomo, Owens yahuye mugihe cyo kuguma mu ishuri ryisumbuye rya Mainemort muri Cleveland. Mugihe cyinama yambere yari afite imyaka 15, kandi umukobwa yari afite imyaka 13.

Mu mashuri yisumbuye, ubucuti bushingiye ku mpuhwe yakuze muri iyi myumvire. Umugore wumunyamerika wumunyamerika utakoresheje urungano yakoze ibishoboka byose kugirango ubuzima bwihariye bwa Athlette azashima.

Ishimwe rya Batty Amashusho

Kumyaka 3 mbere yubukwe, yabaye mu ntangiriro za no 1935, bombi bari bafite umukobwa wicyubahiro. Nyuma yigihe, abandi bana bombi bagaragaye mubukwe bwemewe - Marlene na Beverly.

Icyumweru n'ibiruhuko mu muryango wa Owens ufatwa ku mafoto menshi. Abashakanye bahemukiwe mbere y'urupfu rw'umukinnyi mu 1980.

Imikino ngororamubiri

Uburenganzira bwo gushira muri salle ya siporo yo kuba icyamamare cya Leta zunze ubumwe za Amerika zatsinze inama ya 2535 mu gihe cya "minini" kuri stade yo muri Ferry muri Ann Mor. Yashizeho amateka atatu yisi kandi angana na kane. Ibyagezweho cyane byagezweho mu binyejana byerekanwe mu kwiruka muri m 100 na 200, kimwe no gusimbuka igihe kirekire.

Nyuma y'intsinzi nk'iryo, yatumiwe mu ikipe y'igihugu, atangira gutegura isabukuru y'imikino ya 4 ya Berlin, ariko umunyamabanga wa Wacp Walter yagerageje kwanga Umunyamerika Umunyamerika mu Budage bw'Afurika. Ku mugoroba wo mu mikino, abaturage ba Amerika batangaje ko ubwo butegetsi bwa Adolf Hitler Hitler, kandi igihugu cyari intambwe imwe yo kunganya amarushanwa mpuzamahanga manini.

Igihe Perezida wa komite Olempike y'Abanyamerika, Aversia Brunderi, yiswe abashitsi kandi batishimiye cyane "abahinzi bo kurwanya abanyamerika", abandi bakinnyi bafashe icyemezo cyo kwitabira Olympiaad maze bagera ku butaka bw'Ubudage ku kibaho .

Dufashijwe n'abaturage n'abahanganye, muri bo bitabiriwe n'intwari izaza ku Ntambara ya Kabiri y'Isi Yose Louis Zamlini n'umufana wa "Juhrera" Louce, Jese yatsindiye zahabu mu buryo bune bw'imikino ngororamubiri. Ibisubizo byavunitse umugani wandikira Karl Lewis mu 1984.

Intsinzi y'Abanyamerika y'Abanyafurika yangutse ubwoba muri Hitler, washakaga kwerekana ko isumba ubwoko bwa Aryan. Umuyobozi w'ishyaka ry'Abanazi Ubudage, bunyuranyije n'imigenzo ya siporo, ntiyigeze agaragara mu gutanga imidari kandi ntabwo yashimiye abakinnyi b'Abanyamerika na bagenzi be batatsinze.

Ishimwe rya Batty Amashusho

Gusubira muri Amerika, ibyangowe byamenye ko ntamuntu numwe uzishimira imiterere mishya. Nyampinga wamarushanwa mpuzamahanga yari kumunsi wa rubanda. Kugira ngo umuryango ubaho, Jesse yafashwe kumurimo uwo ariwo wose - yari anyeganyega, manitor numuyobozi wumye hamwe numushahara wisaha.

Ishusho ya Olympiaad yatsinze buhoro buhoro yagiye muri oya, kuko umukinnyi yabujijwe kugaragara kuri amateur na offict. Nyampinga wasanze kubara ku bufatanye n'uwashinze SWARY FENATSast ya baseast hamwe n'amahirwe yo gusura imikino mpuzamahanga i Roma mu 1960.

Urupfu

Ku myaka ya 32, impuguke zabaswe n'intwaza, n'impamvu y'urupfu rwe ku ya 31 Werurwe 1980 yari kanseri y'ibihaha. Iminsi yanyuma ya nyampinga yimikino Olempike - 1936 yabereye muri societe yumugore nabakobwa mubitaro byumujyi wa Tucson.

Basabwe n'umuryango w'isi y'isi y'isi yose mu kwiruka intera ngufi kandi basimbuka mu burebure, bashyingurwa nta muhango ukomeye mu irimbi rya Oak boak book i Chicago.

Ibyagezweho

• Andika mu kwiruka ku mbuga 100 - amasegonda 9.4
• Andika mu kwiruka metero 220 - amasegonda 20.3
• Andika mu kwiruka metero 220 hamwe ninzitizi - amasegonda 22.6
• Inyandiko mu burebure bwo gusimbuka - 8.13 m (kunshuro ya mbere mu mateka, imipaka 8 m) yaratsinzwe)