Ubuzima
Earl Gardner numunyamerika Umwanditsi, umwe mu banditsi bagurisha neza kandi bakomeye bo mu kinyejana cya XX. Usibye ibikorwa byubuvanganzo, bizwi nkumunyamategeko wimenyereza umwunganira, ushakisha umukunzi wubutabazi no gutangaza. Imiterere yo gutangaza yicyamamare ihamya rwose ubuzima bwe.Mu bwana n'urubyiruko
Earl Stanley Gardner yavutse ku ya 17 Nyakanga 1889 mu mujyi wa Malden, Massachusetts. Yari umwana wa kabiri wa Charles Walter na Grace Adelma Gardner. Umwana wabo w'imfura walter yahise ahinduka imyaka ibiri. Mugufi, Kenneth, yagaragaye mu 1901. Ababyeyi bayoboye imibereho idasanzwe, kubera ko umutware wumuryango yakoraga nka injeniyeri yubucukuzi.
Nkumwana, Earl yari azwi cyane kubera ubushyuhe kandi ntahinduka ishuri rimwe mbere yuko amashuri yisumbuye arangiye mu 1909. Muri uwo munyeshuri, yitabiriye kandi imirwangire y'imari itemewe kandi rimwe yirukanwa muri kaminuza ya Valparaiso muri Indiana kugira ngo "umwarimu utsindira".
Ariko umusore aracyabona akazi: Yatuye mu nyandiko kuri sosiyete kuri sosiyete okserd, California, aho mu bikorwa ububasha bw'Ubucamanza. Ku ya 21, nta masomo asanzwe, yatsinze ikizamini cyiza kandi yahaye uburenganzira bwo gukora imyitozo.
Umunyamategeko ukiri muto yafunguye ibiro, maze nyuma gato asinyana amasezerano mu Karere ka Ventu, Californiya, aho yakoraga kugeza mu 1933. Nyuma yaho, umwanditsi yabwiye ko adakunda imyitozo isanzwe ya amategeko yemewe, ariko yashishikarije amategeko, cyane cyane abigiranye ubucamanza.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Earl yateguye ubuzima bwe bwite atavuye ku kazi. Umugore we yabaye Natalie Francis Beatrice Talbert, mu gihe wakoraga nk'umunyamabanga mu biro by'itegeko. Ubukwe bwabaye ku ya 9 Mata 1912, maze umwaka utaha umukobwa agaragara mu muryango, hatalie Grace. Ifoto yabashakanye nibihe bimwe byubuzima bwabo birashobora kuboneka kumurongo.
Nyuma yimyaka 18, abashakanye baratandukanye, ariko umugabo ntiyinjiye mubukwe bushya kugeza apfuye (1968). Nyuma yaho, yashyize umukono na Beteli ya Agnes Jean (1902-2002), wakoraga nk'umunyamabanga kuva mu myaka ya za 1930 kandi yari Prototype ya Prototype y'umuhanda wa Dellah, abafasha ba Perry Mason.
Ibitabo
Ku kibazo impamvu yanditse, umwanditsi yigeze kwiyemerera:"Ndimo gukora amafaranga no ... Saba abasomyi umunezero."Umwanditsi yatangiye gutangazwa mu 1921 atanga inkuru zitangaje ninkuru. Bari bafite inkuru zigera kuri 600, kandi ahanini inkuru zabigizikira. Kuva kera, Earl yandikaga itangazamakuru, kwandika (kenshi munsi yimpimbano) amashusho hamwe nibibanza bitesha umutwe. Muri bo, yaremye ikigali nyayo y'abagome, igizwe ninyuguti nziza, kandi rimwe na rimwe bidasanzwe.
Mu ntangiriro ya za 1930, ikinyamakuru "Umwirabura Mask" cyasohotse Urukurikirane rw'inkuru zitandatu z'igihugu kugira uruhare rw'umunyamategeko mu rwego rwo kurengera Kenning Kenning mu mujyi wa ruswa. Muburyo bwinshi, yari prototype yumuvokararizahiro azwi kwisi.
Mu 1933, umwanditsi wabonye ibyamamare yasohoye igitabo cye cya mbere cyuzuye - veltat inzara ", aho yerekanye umunyamategeko wa Perder kandi akabika impande zose. Igitabo cyahise gikubitwa nyuma yo gusohoka, kandi umwanditsi atangira kuzana mu nzu yo gusohora agereranya akazi kamwe buri mezi 4.
Buhoro buhoro, umugenzacyaha umwe wabaye wenyine kandi wubwenge - bityo umwanditsi yizeye ko intwari ishimishije cyane kubanditsi nimugoroba nimugoroba. Mu ntangiriro ya 1950, gusuzuma ibitabo bijyanye n'iperereza byasohotse, kandi kopi zimwe na zimwe zasohotse mu binyamakuru mbere yo gusohoka mu buryo bwemewe. Nyuma yaje kurekura firime, RadShou, gusetsa no kwerekana TV izwi cyane nayo yagize uruhare mu gutsinda k'umuriro.
Mu mirimo y'abahinzi hari urukurikirane rw'abohozaga bwite Berta kul na Donald Crume, hafi ya Porokirenti ya Dug Shalby na Sheriff Bill. Yatanze kandi ibitabo byubushakashatsi kandi azwi cyane murugendo rwa Mexico.
Hamwe na hamwe n'inshuti - abanyamategeko, imiti y'ubucamanza, abashakashatsi, umwanditsi yakoraga mu rukiko "rw'urukiko rwa nyuma". Gahunda yafashe ivugurura no kumenya amakosa y'ubucamanza bijyanye n'abaregwa.
Kubera iyo mpamvu, mu 1952, igitabo cyasohotse kubera igihembo cya Edger cyatanzwe na parigo ya Edgar mu cyiciro "icyaha cyiza ku by'ukuri." Nyuma habaye urukurikirane rw'izina rimwe.
Ibitabo bizwi cyane muri bibliografiya yimibare yubuvanganzo ni "blonde hamwe nijisho ryubugome", "urukundo rwurukundo", "gukundana".
Urupfu
Umwanditsi yapfuye azize ku ya 11 Werurwe 1970 mu ya 81 mu nzu ye i Tembakule. Umurambo we watwitswe, kandi umukungugu wanze igice ukunda. Rancho del Paisano, witwa Rancho Del Paisano, yagurishijwe, kandi muri 2001 yagejejwe mu Buhinde. Ifasi yahinduwe ubworozi bukomeye kandi igakora igice cyiterambere.
Mu myaka ya 2020 kuri ecran, urukurikirane rwa tereviziyo "Perry Mason" rushingiye ku mirimo y'abahinzi. Uruhare rwimico nyamukuru yagiye kumukoresha Matthew RIZA.
Bibliografiya
- 1929-1943 - Urukurikirane "Leitster Leit"
- 1930-1939 - Urukurikirane "Paul Pry"
- 1933-1973 - Urukurikirane "Perry Mason"
- 1937-1949 - Doug Selby Urukurikirane
- 1938-1946 - Terry Klein
- 1939-1970 - Urukurikirane rwa "Berta Kul na Donald Lam"
- 1941-1943 - Urukurikirane "Gramps"
- 1945-1949 - Urukurikirane "Sheriff Bill Evelton"
- 1948-1958 - Urukurikirane "Urukiko rwicyizere cyanyuma"