Mugihe cyo kuba imikino Olempike, abafana barokotse iminota myinshi yigihe kinini, yinjiye mumateka ya siporo. Ariko rero, ku giti cye n'ibyishimo by'intsinzi z'igihugu ku isi, ibyago byabayeho mu gihe cy'amarushanwa nyamukuru y'umwana w'imyaka ine. Birababaje pe mugihe cyimikino Olempike, yabaye mumyaka itandukanye - mubikoresho 24Cmi.
Iminota Yanyuma
Mu kinyejana gishize, inuma zabaye abahohotewe kabiri. Kuva mu 1900 kugeza gahunda ya Olempike yashyizwe ku nmeri. Irushanwa ryateje imyigaragambyo y'abahinzi bo muri Amerika, n'inuma zasimbuwe n'imiterere y'ibumba. Nyuma, IOC yamenye kurasa abigiranye inuma zifite amarushanwa adasanzwe, nubwo uku gutandukanya gahunda bitakoreshejwe muri kiriya gihe.Noneho inuma zitangira kugaragara nkikimenyetso cyisi mu myaka ya za 1920. Abakinnyi b'inararibonye batinyaga umuhango wambere kandi bafata ibinyamakuru hamwe nabo kwihisha inyuma yimyanda.
Kandi muri Seoul mu 1988, urumuri rwabaye mu muhango wo gutangiza. Inuma 200 zasohotse mbere yumuriro wa Olempike Lit. Benshi mu nyoni baratatanye, ariko bamwe batitaye ku kuva aho bahantu, bajya mu gikombe.
Inyoni zunamye ntibyari zifite umwanya, inuma zatwitse imbere yabaturage. Ubushize inyoni nzima zagaragaye mu muhango wo gutangiza imikino Olempike muri Barcelona, nyuma yimyaka ine. Noneho abateguye bagarukira gusa ku bimenyetso by'inuma ndetse n'imihango idateganijwe yanze.
Mishka
Yashyizwe ku rutonde kuri pe mugihe cyimikino Olempike yamakuba yumukoresha, uyobora muri Mishka mugihe cyo gusoza i Moscou. Amategeko yukuntu ikimenyetso cyabajijwe gukora indege yanyuma hari icyo. Abenegihugu b'Abasoviyeti bizeraga ko idubu yageragejwe, kandi umugabo yari yicaye inyuma y'uruziga.
Inyungu kuri Talisman yongeye kubyuka mu gihe cy'imyiteguro ya Oi 2014 i Sochi. Umuyoboro ufite amakuru yerekeye ukuri ko idubu itiriwe yubatswe indege. Kandi kugirango ikimenyetso cyazamutse mu kirere, uwashizeho yatanze umugongo ushinzwe imbere mu idubu.
Inyandiko yanditse ko indege yikizamini yakozwe numwanditsi wigitekerezo. Kogosha no kugwa byanyuze neza hanyuma hanyuma mpitamo gusubiramo intsinzi hejuru ya Luzhniki. Ariko, ku butumburuke bwa metero 100 Ikimenyetso cyagaragaye kandi kibabara. Ntibyashobokaga kubona uwashizeho.
Gusubiramo, ibizamini byatumiwe nundi mukoresha witwa Aritonov, wari muri cockpit mugihe cyanyuma. Muri uwo muhango, umukoresha yumvise ko akazu gashyushya, babona isi, nk'ibyayi ubwe yafashe umuriro. Kubera iyo mpamvu, Armatonov yaguye, ariko umuriro wabonetse wapfuye.
Kandi mu birori byo gusoza, umupira wo kugenzura wabanje kuva mu kirere, ufasha kumva icyerekezo n'imbaraga z'umuyaga, hanyuma ikintu cy'indege ubwacyo. Intsinzi yintego yikirusiya yari ikomeye cyane kuburyo abumva bategereje indi minota 20 mugihe Talisman yagarukiye.
Agahinda k'ikimenyetso cya ogisijeni cya Olympiad yasunitse abantu kugira ngo bakore imigani, banyuze kuri radiyo ya teranos kandi bahatiwe ko nongeye kubara, hanyuma umukoresha warangije ibirori n'intwari.
Igitero cy'iterabwoba muri Munich
Urupapuro rubabaje cyane mumateka yimikino ni igikorwa cy'iterabwoba i Munich. Imitunganyirize yo kurengera umudugudu wa Olempike yasize byinshi kugirango yifuze. Mu ijoro ryo ku ya 4-25, 1972, abaterabwoba mu myambaro ya siporo yinjiye mu mibanti aho abitabiriye amahugurwa bashyize. Josef Yishenya kandi arasebya, kugeza apfuye azize amaraso. Umutoza mu ntambara Moshe Weinberg yarashwe mu kurwanya. 9 Abantu bafashe bugwate.Abaterabwoba bashyize ahagaragara icyifuzo kugira ngo abanyalletinine bo muri Egiputa bari basozwe muri Isiraheli. Byari iterabwoba kwica isaha ku mukinnyi.
Isiraheli yanze gushyikirana n'abaterabwoba kandi itanga imbaraga zidasanzwe mu gitero. Uruhushya rwo gukora mu ndege ya Isiraheli y'igitero cya Isiraheli ntabwo yakiriye. Abayobozi b'Abadage bagerageje gushyikirana, ariko ibirori ntiyirata ibintu nkibi.
Kugira ngo ibizwe n'ibibazo, abaterabwoba bahawe amafaranga, hanyuma bahanagura abakinnyi ba ku bashyikirana. Abagabye igitero baje kwitiranya kandi bitunguranye bahindura ibisabwa. Abateye ni kajugujugu, batangira kurasa, kandi 11 bagwa iterabwoba barasa. Nubwo umuvuduko wa leta, umukino wa IOC ntiwahagaze.
Ubwa mbere
Igice cya mbere igice cyamateka ya siporo cyabaye mbere yububyutse bwimikino, mu 1865, mugihe aboga batowe cyane bakoresheje imbaraga. Ibintu mu kinyejana cya 20 byateye imbere mu kwiyongera. Mu 1928, Federasiyo ya siporo ku nshuro ya mbere yahisemo kutemerera abakinnyi bashinzwe gukoresha nitroglycerin. Intambwe nkiyi yasunitse mu gushakisha ibiyobyabwenge bishya byatezimbere imirire.
Nyuma y'Intambara ya Kabiri y'Isi Yose, habaye ingoyi. Kandi mu 1967, umukinnyi w'amagare mu Bwongereza Tom Simpson yapfuye kure. Urupfu rwe rwahinduye amategeko agenga amarushanwa ku mikino. Mu mujyi wa Mexico mu 1968, urugero rw'icyitegererezo 667.
Umukinnyi wa mbere watemereye komisiyo ishinzwe ubuvuzi mu kurwanya dopite yanga imbunda. Mu maraso ya Pentabuta yavumbuye inzoga. Hans yagerageje gutsindishiriza no kwemera ko yanyoye ibirahuri bibiri by'inzoga. Ariko, ibi ntibyabaye impamvu yemewe, kandi ikipe ya Suwede ntiyemererwa kandi yambuwe imidari.
Urupfu rwa Muganga
By the way, pe mugihe cyimikino Olempike iboneka nabakinnyi gusa. Mu 1988, mu kaga ka Kanada, ibyago byabaye hamwe n'ikipe y'igihugu ya Otirishiya by Jörg Oberhammer. Mu kiruhuko kiri hagati y'amarushanwa, umuganga yahisemo kugendera ku binezeza ski inzira, aho yajugunye ahabereye impanuka mu bundi bubiko bwa televiziyo, televiziyo.Oberhammer kuva kugongana yagurutse munsi y'inyenzi za shelegi kandi bapfira. Ibyangiritse byagaragaye ko biremereye kuburyo nshobora kumenya umubiri nyuma yamasaha make.
Kubwumvikane, umushoferi Pyrmin Tsurbriggen na Martin Haning ni Abatangabuhamya. Bigaragara ko yayoboye abakinnyi bayoboye muri leta ihungabana. Tsurbriggen yashoboye gukoranira no gutsinda umuringa, naho Hanani yagombaga kuvana mumarushanwa.
Igitero cy'iterabwoba muri Atlanta
Imikino Olempike yo mu 1996 muri Atlanta yabanje kuvuguruzaga. Bose binubira umuryango. Abakinnyi ntibakunze serivisi, abakorerabushake ntibari bafite ubushobozi budashoboye, kandi ibinyabiziga byo mu muhanda mu mujyi byamugaye n'umuyoboro wo gutwara abantu.
Richard Jaell: inkuru yumugabo washyize muri firime
Ku ya 27 Nyakanga, igisasu cyaturikiye muri parike ya Olempike. Igikoresho cyashyizwe mu gice cyicyuma. Abantu babiri barapfuye, bakomeretse cyane. Imikino yahagaritswe. Abategurwa bashimangiye ingamba z'umutekano.
Kuva muri Polisi y'Abanyamerika yategereje ko kumenyekanisha icyaha. Bihute, icyaha cyanditswe ku izamu rya Richard Juell, wasanze igikapu muri parike hamwe nigikoresho giturika. Umwaka umwe nyuma, Eric Rudolph yemeye mubitero byiterabwoba byiza.
Olympiaad muri Atlanta yabaye wenyine igihe Juan Antonio Sandanch atigeze avuga amagambo gakondo ati: "Uyu wari imikino myiza mu mateka."
Ibendera rya Olempike
Gufunga guhitamo "pe mugihe cyimikino Olempike" Ubujura bwibendera, bwabaye mu 1920. Hishura ibanga ryibyabaye ryari nyuma yimyaka 80 gusa nyuma yimyaka 80. Yaje gusimbuka mu mazi ya Hayig Pri ku mpaka na koga Dukuk Kakhanamamoka yashushanyije kuri flabpole, hanyuma amuhisha munsi y'ivarisi.
Kurenga ku isi ntabwo byavumbuwe, kandi kwanduza ibikorwa bikomeye ntabwo byabaye. Mu 2000, imyifatire ifite imyaka 103 yatanze ibendera rya Olempike kuri Sarantch, kubera ko yemeye ko adashobora kumanika "igikombe" ku rukuta rwe.
Ati: "Abantu bazambwira neza kuri njye niba mbitanze, kandi sinzabireka," umushimuni wemeye, wagumanye ikimenyetso cya olempike munsi yivarisi.