Ubuzima
Stephen Edwin King yavukiye mu kugwa kwa 1941 muri leta ya Maine, mu mujyi wa Portland. Ivuka ryumuhungu urashobora kwitwa igitangaza. Ikigaragara ni uko Nelly Ruth Pillsbury ari nyina wumwanditsi w'ejo hazaza - abaganga bataye ubugumba. Igihe umugore yashyingiraga ku ncunga rya kabiri umutware w'ubwato bwo guhaha Donald umwami wa Edward, abo bashakanye bahisemo kurera umuhungu. Haje kwakira umuhungu Dawidi Victor. Nyuma yimyaka ibiri, Nelli yatwite mu buryo butunguranye. Abashakanye bavuka umuhungu wa Sitefano Edwin.
Ariko umwana usanzwe ntashobora gutuma ubukwe bwababyeyi bukomeye. Umutware wumuryango yari afite izina ryuje urukundo. Yabaye umusare, yazengurutse isi. Nyuma y'Intambara ya Kabiri y'Isi Yose, Donald yaretse mu mato maze atura ku kazi akoresheje umukozi ushinzwe ubucuruzi, atanga abaguzi b'isuku ya vacuum. Ubuzima bwumuryango. Igihe Sitefano yahiraga imyaka 2, Data yazimiye mu buzima bwe. Umugabo yavuye mu nzu kugura itabi arabura. Mama yatangaje abahungu be ko papa yashimuswe na Marciana. Nk'uko amakuru amwe abitangaza, umugore yatekereje ko nk "Umutimanama" ushobora kuba umutegarugori mwiza wo muri Connecticut.
Iruka hejuru, reka tuvuge ko itsinda risara rya imwe mu miyoboro ya TV y'Abanyamerika, rikora kuri document yerekeye ubuzima bwa Sitefano King mu myaka ya za 90, yabonye umubyeyi we wirengagije. Nkuko byagaragaye, yabaga hafi, muri leta ituranye ya Pennsylvania, hamwe n'abana be b'Abarezi n'abana bane.
Nyuma yo guhunga umugabo we Rusi - Piyano ku Burezi - yagombaga gukomera. Yajyanywe ku kazi ako kanya, agaburira abahungu. Yakoraga nk'umucuruzi mu gikoni cyangwa umugaragu mu mazu akize. Umugore ashakisha akazi keza kuva muri leta kugeza leta. Umuryango wabaga muri Indiana, Massachusetts, Wisconsin na Connecticut. Amaherezo, ahagarara mu mujyi wa Durham mu burengerazuba muri Leta ya Maine.
Stephen King yabonye nyina ukomeye, nubwo atigeze yitotomba. Yakomeje kubona ko sosiyete y'amahirwe angana ari umugani w'abantu badafite ubushishozi. Mubyukuri, ubuzima buragoye kandi burenganya.
Nkiri umwana, Steve yabaye umutangabuhamya utabishaka ku makuba akomeye: Urungano rwapfiriye mu maso, waguye munsi y'iziga za gari ya moshi. King yarokotse ihungabana rikomeye, nyuma yibuka, imiti iteye ubwoba y'urupfu yagize aho ipfunwe ku gihe runaka. Nyuma yimyaka mike gusa, igihe yabwiwe ibyago. Abanditsi b'umwanditsi bavuga ko iki gikorwa cyagize ingaruka ku kazi ke kandi gihumekwa kwandika imirimo imwe n'imwe.
Kwimuka kenshi byateshejwe agaciro ubuzima busanzwe bwa Sitefano. Indwara ya Indwara yashushanyije cyane. Noneho habaye pharyong nini, yimukiye muburyo bumwe bwo kwandura gutwi, antibiyotike idakira. Inshuro eshatu umuhungu wabayeho ububabare ubwo yarwambwaga na Eardrum. Kubera indwara y'umwami, yize mu cyiciro cya mbere imyaka ibiri.
Ahari izo ngorane zingenzi zose zagize imyumvire yijimye yukuri nuburyo uburyohe bwumusore. Yakiriye firime ziteye ubwoba. Amashanyarazi adafite ishingiro kuri psyche ye ni ugushushanya mu bwoko bw'umwangavu "," ingoro ya Montezuma "n '" umusenyi wa Ivodzima ". Stephen King mu busore bwe yari afite igitekerezo cyane ku buryo no kureba ikarito "Bambi" hamwe nibyabaye mumuriro wamashyamba nicyo cyateye inzozi zibabaza.
Umusore ukunda cyane harimo "Hulk", "spiderman", "kandi comicman" ku mva yanduye "imva iteye ubwoba" n "" amagare ava kuri. Nyuma Stephen King yemeye ko yakundaga ubwoba no "kumva ko atakaza imbaraga zose."
Kurangaza indwara zihoraho, umuhungu, watewe inkunga na mama, watangiye kwandika. Icyitegererezo cy'abababaye cyabaye ku myaka 7. Stephen King yanditse inkuru nto yerekeye ibintu bya Kapiteni wa Capitani. Inkomoko yo guhumekwa nizo comic kubyerekeye capitaine. Umuhungu yahise asoma. Mama yashimye akazi, ariko icyarimwe arabona ko Steve ishobora kurema ikintu cye. Bidatinze, umwanditsi w'ejo hazaza yerekanye inkuru enye zerekeye urukwavu rwera mu rubanza rwayo. Kuri buri wese muri bo, Mama yamwishyuye "amafaranga" ya mbere mu rwego rw'amafaranga 25.
Kurema
Kuva ubu, Sitefano King yakoraga, adahagarara. "Bessaller" ya mbere yahindutse inkuru yanditse ku filime "neza na pendulum". Umusore wacapiye akazi ke mumapiki ya 40 kuri hegicografike.
Mu 1959, Stephen ari umwami wa Sitefano w'imyaka 18, hamwe na muvandimwe Dawidi, yatangiye gutanga Herald Herald, witwaga "Dave Ibibabi". Abasore barayikwirakwiza babifashijwemo na mimeografiya ishaje nimitwe 5 yagurishije inshuti, abaturanyi n'abavandimwe. David yanditse amakuru yaho, na Steve - Isubiramo rya Filime n'inkuru zabo ngufi. Muri icyo gihe, Stephen umwami ya mbere yasomye imirimo ya Howard Phillips Urukundo. Yabaye umwanditsi w'umusore ukunzwe. Ku bwe, nyuma yo kuziranye n'inkuru z'ibinyabuzima byo gukusanya "gushonga mu gicucu", yari afite kumva "gusubira mu rugo".
Mu masomo yisumbuye, Sitefano King ntashobora guhitamo icyo gukora ubutaha: kwinjira muri kaminuza cyangwa kujya umukorerabushake muri Vietnam gukusanya amakuru ashimishije yo guhanga. Kuba hazabaho ubuzima nkubuzima buzahuzwa numwanditsi, ntagishidikanya. Mama yemeje Umwana, rwose hari ibibazo byerekanwa, yanga kujya muri Vietnam.
Umwami yinjiye muri kaminuza, aho yatangiye gutegura ngo yinjire muri kaminuza. Kandi aracyatura ku ruganda rwo kuboha. Akazi byari ngombwa kubona amafaranga. Steve yafashe gupakira ibicuruzwa akabishyira mubikoresho. Mugihe kiri hagati yakazi, ibicu byimbeba zikaze byagaragaye mu nsi yo munsi. Nyuma, ibi bitekerezo byabaye ishingiro ryinkuru "guhinduranya nijoro".
Muri Kanama 1966, Stephen King yinjiye muri kaminuza ya Maine, ahitamo ishami ry'ubuvanganzo bw'Ubwongereza. Muri icyo gihe, yize muri kaminuza ya Pedagoge. Steve na Dave bagombaga gukomera, kubera ko Mama yohereje abahungu $ 5 gusa buri cyumweru kumafaranga yo mu mufuka, mugihe cyinyenyeri ubwazo.
Muri kaminuza, ejo hazaza "Umwami urira Umwami" yashakanye. Amaze kurangiza muri kaminuza, ahabwa impamyabumenyi ihanitse, yahisemo gukora imibereho. Ariko ntabwo yazanye amafaranga yinjira. Kubwibyo, Stephen King n'umuryango we bakiri bato babayeho ku nyungu ziyoroshya mu kumeneka, inguzanyo y'abashakanye n'amafaranga mato ku nkuru z'umwanditsi washyize ahagaragara ibinyamakuru.
Mu gatasi ko mu 1971, Stephen King yabonye umwarimu wicyongereza mu mashuri imwe ya Hampden muri Maine. Yakomeje kwandika, ariko bisa, yatangiye gutakaza icyizere mubushobozi bwe. Uwo mwashakanye amaze kuboneka mu gasanduku k'imyanda yandikishijwe intoki ya Karry y'Abaroma. Yajugunye umushinga, atakongeje akazi kugeza imperuka. Umugore yasomye igitabo kandi ahagarara umugabo we kugirango akongereho.
Mu gihe cy'itumba cyo mu 1973, Mama Stephen King yarapfuye. Umugore ntabwo yabayeho umwaka mbere yintsinzi yambere yUmwana. Mu 1974, umwe mu babwiriza yatangaga igitabo cy'Abaroma "Carrie" kandi yishyura umwanditsi amafaranga 2500. Mu buryo butunguranye, kuri Steve Romance, nakunze abasomyi. Gusohora Inzu "kabiri" byagurishije uburenganzira kumurimo wundi, inzu nini yo gusohora "nal", kumadorari ibihumbi 400. Kimwe cya kabiri cy'amafaranga yakiriye Kidfan King.
Umwanditsi yavuye muri mwarimu yimukira muri leta ituranye ya Kolorado. Hano, mu mujyi wa Boulder, uwa kabiri watsinze Abaroma "akamurika".
Mu mpera za za 70, Sitefano King yaremewe na Pseudonym Richard Bachman. Bamwe mu bavopizi b'umwanditsi bavuga ko gutangaza ibitabo munsi y'izina ry'impimbano byateganijwe kubera gushidikanya kwamamaza umwigisha muri we. Byasaga naho ari we intsinzi yagezweho yari impanuka. Kuyisubiramo munsi yizina ritandukanye, Umwami yashakaga kumenya neza ibinyuranye. Munsi y'izina Richard Bakhman yasohotse igitabo "Umujinya". Ariko umwami yarayiboneye kuva kugurishwa nyuma y'umugizi wa nabi muto, washe abo bigana i Kansas, yabonye igitabo cye.
Izina Richard Bachman yagaragaye mu mitwe myinshi y'umwami: "Kugenda birebire", "Imihanda yiruka", "ikora umugabo" na "guta ibiro." Birashimishije kubona ko izina Bakhman ryafashwe n'umwanditsi "intwaro" kubera ko yari umufana ushishikaye w'ikipe y'umuziki azwi cyane "Bachman-Turner averdrive".
Yiyemeze kuri Sitefano King yagombaga kureka nyuma yo kugurisha byitondewe kimwe mu mashyamba ya Washington yashyizwe ahagaragara. Hanyuma umuserishurirwatangaza ko Bachman yapfuye azize kanseri.
Mu 1980-90, ibitabo byiza bya Sitefano King bigaragara. Mbere ya byose, "imyambi" y'Abaroma, yabaye iyambere muri cycle "umunara wijimye". Mu musaro 1982 kugirango hare amajwi iminsi 10, yanditse urukundo rwa page 300 "umuntu wiruka."
Mu 1996, igitabo "Ikirometero kibisi" cyagaragaye. Uyu ni umwe muri Romanov Stephev King. Umwaka umwe, umwanditsi yasoje amasezerano yo gusohora "Simoni & Schusters", kandi yishyuye amafaranga miliyoni y'amadolari ku gikapu ", kandi asezeranya gutanga amagufwa"
Imirimo myinshi y '"umwami uteye ubwoba" yahujwe. Mu 1998, Stephen King yakoze nk'imwe mu ruhererekane rwa TV ruzwi cyane muri iyo myaka - ibikoresho by'ibanga ", aho Gillian Anderson na David Glukovan bakinnye inyenyeri zabo.
Mu ci ryo mu 1999, minibus yarashe minibus ifite imbwa y'umwanditsi. Stephen King yasuzumye ibikururwa byinshi by'amaguru y'iburyo, kuvunika ikibuno, gukomeretsa umutwe n'ibihaha. Ukuguru ntibyashoboye gukiza kugabanywa. Kuva kera, umunyeshuri arashobora kwicara atarenze iminota 40, nyuma yububabare bwo mubibero bimenetse bwarababaje. Ibi birori byari bishingiye ku gice cya 7 cya "Umunara wijimye" wigitabo, kandi nanone wasanze muri firime imwe ya firime.
Mu 2002, Sitefano umwami yababaje abafana be amakuru avuga ko ahagarika umwuga wo kwandika. Aracyagoye kwicara, kikabyemerera kwibanda ku buhanga bukurikira. Ariko ku byishimo byinshi by'abafana, umunyeshuri watsinze amasezerano yo guhagarika kwandika.
Muri 2004, igice cyanyuma cya epic "umunara wijimye". Nyuma yimyaka 2, umuhigo yatanze umusaruro mushya witwa "Amateka ya Lisa".
Mu mwaka wa 2006, Amateur wo mu mayobera Stephen King yatangaje ko yabonye ibitabo bidasubirwaho Bakhman Blaise. Mubyukuri, wasangaga nabo bandikishijwe intoki byikibazo cyabanyeshuri, icyo gihe cyose cyabitswe muri kaminuza.
Kuva mu 2008 kugeza 2016, Stephen King, yashimishije abasoteje inkuru "Nyuma y'izuba rirenze", Dromedes "na" Ububyutse " . Mu ci ryo mu 2016, "Umwami utuye ubwoba" yerekanye igice cya gatatu cya "Bwana Mercedes", icyitwa "Post yarande."
Muri uwo mwaka, abafana b'impano z '"Umwami uturanya" bishimiye kureba ku mugoroba wa ecran ku mugoroba w'abanditsi babiri bazwi - Stephen King na George Martin. Inama yabereye muri Albuquerque.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Nkuko byavuzwe haruguru, hamwe n'umugore uzaza, Tobita Swasfuce Romanstist yateraniye muri kaminuza. Muri iyo myaka itoroshye babyara umuhungu Yozefu numukobwa Nawomi. Nyuma, umuhungu wa kabiri yagaragaye - Owen. Tabit ntabwo ibikorwa byubuvanganzo byubuvanganzo - umugore nagerageje gukora, ariko ibitabo bye icyenda ntabwo byakoresheje icyifuzo kidasanzwe.
Ubuzima bwihariye Sitefano King hamwe numugore we ukunda yagiye yishimye. Twese hamwe banyura mu bizamini byinshi. Mu ntangiriro yubuzima bwumuryango - binyuze mubukene. Nyuma - binyuze mubusinzi no kwizizirwa ibiyobyabwenge. Mu 1999, ibaruwa yagombaga kugaragara muri kimwe mu binyamakuru bya satani, ngo yandikwa umwami wa Sitefano, aho yiyemereye ko igihe cyo kwandika "Tomminoxy" cyaguye mu kwibuka.
Nkuko byagaragaye, 1980 byatwikiriye rwose ibiyobyabwenge by'umwami no kunywa n'ibiyobyabwenge. Kugira ngo abemeza ingeso zangiza umwanditsi yo kwiyambaza abaganga, kavukire "kavukire" yakusanyije "ibimenyetso: Bajyana amabanki basanze imyanda ivuye kuri Byeri, bapakira i Valium, kokayine na marijuwana. Gusa, kubera ubwoba, babonye ubwo "butunzi" bwose kuri tapi, Stephen King yamenye ko iyi ndwara ahindukirira ubufasha bw'inzobere.
Igikorwa cya mbere cyanditswe na we nyuma yo gukira ni igitabo "ibintu nkenerwa".
Hamwe na hamwe numugore we Sitefano King afite imitungo itatu: i Bangor, gukunda na Sarasot. Uruzinduko rwa nyuma mu gihe cy'itumba. Iherereye ku nkombe z'ikigobe cya Mexico muri Floride.
Uyu munsi umwanditsi n'uwo bashakanye bafite abuzukuru bane.
Abahungu ba Sitefano King na bo bakoze intambwe yambere mu nyandiko. Umukobwa Nawomi yandika ntabwo akunda. Birazwi ko turi mu mibanihiri na mwarimu wa tewolojiya wa Tandek.
Mu gihe cye cy'ubusa, Stephen King yasuye imikino ya baseball ukunda "Boston Red Sox". Mu myaka ya za 90, abashakanye bateye inkunga stade ya "Mansfield", kandi muri 2014 umwanditsi yagize uruhare mu cyegeranyo cy'abantu barwaye scleropique.
Bibliografiya
- 1974 - Karry
- 1977 - "SHINE"
- 1982 - "Imyambi"
- 1983 - "Irimbi ry'amatungo"
- 1987 - "Gukuramo Troy"
- 1991 - "Isi nziza"
- 1996 - "Green Mile"
- 1997 - "Kugurisha na Crystal"
- 2003 - "Impyisi ya Cali"
- 2004 - Sun Susanne
- 2004 - "Umunara wijimye"
- 2012 - "Umuyaga unyuze kuri Keyshole"