Ubuzima
Arkady Nathanovich Storgatsky - Umugani na Classic yibihimbano byabasoviyeti. Umwanditsi azwi cyane kwisi yose. Imirimo y'abavandimwe ba Stugatky yasohotse mu bihugu 33 kandi ihindurwa mu ndimi 42. Biragoye gutondekanya ibihembo byose byuburusiya nibihugu byatanzwe na Norwady Nathanovich na murumuna we mubuzima. Ibitabo birenga icumi hamwe nimigabane mito hamwe na 1977, indorerezi ya Crimean astrophysical yafunguye umubumbe mushya, watanzwe nizina Stogatkia.
Arkady Nathanovich Strugatsky yavutse muri Kanama 1925 mu muryango wa Alenbed Natana Zalmanovich, mu muryango w'umuhanga mu by'amateka y'ubuhanzi, Nananovna LiconCatsky, na Alexandra Ivanov
Ibyiciro byambere bya Arkady Sporugatsky yasuye muri Batumi, ariko igihe umuhungu yujuje imyaka 9, umuryango wimukiye i Leningrad. Ngaho mu 1933, murumunawe Norudy yavutse - Boris Stogatky. Ubuzima butagira ibicu bwumuryango wa SPURGUTSKY bwahagaritse intambara ikomeye yo gukunda igihugu. Umuryango wari umaze kurengewe.
Intambara y'intambara, Norsady w'imyaka 17 y'amazi yitabiriye iyubakwa ry'inzego zishyize mu gace k'umujyi ugoswe, ariko bidatinze yagiye ku kazi mu ruganda, aho zakozwe.
Nyuma yo gutangaza ko kwimura, va mu mujyi wahagaritswe washoboye ku muyobozi w'umuryango gusa n'umuhungu w'imfura: arkudy yakuweho na Se mu nzira y'ubuzima binyuze muri Ladoga mu ntangiriro za 1942. Boris yimyaka 9 yananiwe kubera uburwayi. Mama yagumanye n'umuhungu we mu mujyi.
Ababyeyi benshi Arcadia ntibabonye: Papa yararwaye apfa muri Vologda. Igitangaza cyarokotse arsidy ubwe. Echelon n'impunzi, muri nde yari akiri muto, yateye ibisasu y'Abadage. Ibice byarokotse, muri byo hamwe n'umwanditsi w'ejo hazaza.
Mu ci ryo mu 1942, Norwady Strugatky yahagaze mu mudugudu muto wa Tashla hafi ya Orenburg. Umwaka yakoraga mugihe cyo kugura ibicuruzwa ndetse na "doros" kumutwe. Yabonye amafaranga mu muhanda, acunga mu mpeshyi yo mu 1943 gufata Mama na murumuna we Boris kubera gushonje.
Mu mahoro, Arrwady Strugatky yahawe amashuri makuru. Afite imyaka 18, yinjiye mu ishuri rya Berdichevsky, atura inyuma ya Aktybinsk ya Akty. Amaze kumuhitiramo, yakiriye icyerekezo cya kaminuza cya gisirikare, aho yahuguwe mu ndimi z'amahanga. Inkari zarangije ikigo mu 1949, zihabwa umusemuzi wihariye wicyongereza n'Ikiyapani.
Kaminuza irangiye, ibiciro byantswardy stokatky mu majyaruguru. Kugeza mu 1955, yabaye umusemuzi i Kamchataka, yigishije Ikiyapani n'Icyongereza mu ishuri rya gisirikare, giherereye mu mujyi wa Kansk. Imyaka ibiri - kuva 1952 kugeza 1954 - Yakoraga numusemuzi wamaguru i Kamchataka, maze mu 1955, Stougatsky yimuriwe mu gice cya gisirikare cya Khabarovsk. Nyuma yo kwirukanwa, Arkady Stogatky yimukiye mu murwa mukuru.
Kwandika
Arkady wakuriye mu muryango ababyeyi bari bazi kandi bakunda ibitabo n'ibitabo, burigihe bakururwa n'umwanditsi. Ibiza n'amahano y'intambara, umusozi wabuze se wamutonyanga, biba imizigo y'agaciro y'ubuzima, abaza impapuro z'ibitabo.
Biography yo guhanga ya Arkady Strugatky yatangiye mugihe cabo baguye muri Lecade Leningrad. Agezeyo, yanditse amateka ye ya mbere yitwa "Nakhodka Umwamikazi ukomeye" kandi andi marimo andi maguru, ariko bose barazimiye. Imirimo ya mbere yazigamye ya Arkady Stogatsky yitwa Inkuru "Uburyo Akang Yishe", Byanditswe mu 1946 kandi byanditswe mu 2001.
Nyuma yo kuva mu majyaruguru yerekeza i Moscou, Norwady Strugatky yatuye ku kazi ka ESTRITIAL muri Goslitisdate. Mu gihe runaka yakoraga muri Detgiz. Mu gihe cy'Abasoviyeti, ibitabo bya mbere by'umwanditsi byagaragaye mu 1956. Delit ihinduka inkuru yanditse na Norwady Nathanovich mugihe cyingabo. Yitwa "ash bikini". Nkuko Norwady Stogatky ubwe yarizeraga, aka kazi ntiyiyumvisha inyungu n'ubuvanganzo.
Mu 1964, Norwady Nathanovich Storugatsky yemeye abanditsi ba USSR.
Arkady strugatky yamenyekanye kandi nkumusemuzi. Umwanditsi yafunguye Ubuyapani kubasomyi b'Abasoviyeti, kubera ko basoma ibikorwa bye, basoma imirimo y'abayarebye Abayapani Bonca Akutawa, Abe Coborks, Natma SORoshi.
Bavandimwe Stogatky munsi yizina rya S. Berezhek, S. Poberin na S. Pobelin hamwe bahinduwe mururimi rwicyongereza cya Farts Aizek Azimov, Andre Norton na John Wyndem.
Ubuvanganzo bwubuyapani Ibiganiro bivuga ko Arrwady Strugattsky yakoze umusanzu utagereranywa kugirango amenyere umuco n'amateka y'igihugu gitambuka, kuko yahinduye ikirusiya izuba rizwi cyane ku isi "umugani wa Oshikene". Aya ni amateka n'amarangamutima yerekeye colonel yo muri Xii ikinyejana cya Xii muri Clan Minamoto.
Ibikorwa bye nyamukuru nibikorwa byisi bya Arkady Strugatky yanditse ku bufatanye na murumuna wawe. Igishimishije, abavandimwe ntibatuye, igihe bandikaga inkuru n'ibitabo. Ndetse amateraniro yabo ntabwo yari kenshi: inshuro 1-2 mu mwaka. Boris yabayeho kandi akora muri Leningrad, Norwady - i Moscou. Abavandimwe bahuriye i Komarovo - inzu yo guhanga mu kigobe cya Finlande. Ngaho, bazanaga hamwe baganira ku mugambi wo kurema hakurikiyeho, wanditse igitero cye kandi ugenda mu rugo, aho bakorera.
Ibihimbano by'isi
Mu 1952, i Kamchatka Norwady Strugatsky yanditse inkuru y'ubumenyi ya siyansi "Ubwami bwa kane (ku ngaruka z'ibishoboka)." Akazi kabonye urumuri mu kinyejana gishya: Mu 2001, umwamamaji wa Stalker yasohoye inkuru nk'igice cyakusanyirijwe muri Stogatsky. Nk'uko murumuna wa Arkady, Boris Stogatky, "gusohora iyi nyandiko ni inyungu z'amateka: Muri iyo minsi rero basobanukiwe, batekereza kandi bandika ibihimbano."
Kuva 50s impera za 50, Boris na Arkady Strugatky yanditseho inkuru n'ibitabo mu ngendezi z'ibihimbano bya uvopia no kurwanya anti-astope, bikubiye mu rufatiro rwa zahabu ku isi. Ibyaremwe byambere bihuriweho kuba igitabo "Zezvn", byasohotse mu 1958. Mu 1959 hari inkuru izwi "igihugu cya Baghrov tuch".
Ariko inyandiko nyamukuru zaba 13Inkuru "Biragoye kuba Imana", "inyenzi ziri mu majwi", "Ku wa mbere, Abasazi banditse ku wa gatandatu" - Ku wa mbere, Abasazi baranditse nyuma. Mu 1968, inkuru yo kuraramo ya Stlugatsky "Trosy Trosy" yararekuwe, aho isano yakurikiranye n'inkuru "ku wa mbere."
Hagati ya 60s, Arkady Stokatky ku bufatanye na murumuna we yasohotse mu cyegeranyo cy'ibihimbano "Ellinsky Ibanga" Igitabo cya siyanse ". Nyuma yimyaka ibiri, abasomyi b'Abasoviyeti babonye ikindi gice cyinkuru mu kinyamakuru Baikal. Mu minsi ya "Snail yuzuye" yasohotse mu 1972 munzu yo gusohora Uburengerazuba "kubiba". Bavandimwe Stugatky yise inkuru hamwe nakazi kabo gatunganye kandi gakomeye.
Muri 70, Norwady Nathanovich Strugatsky yahisemo umwe mu bagize Inama y'Ubutumwa bw'ibitabo by'ubuvanganzo, nk'ikinyamakuru gikunzwe "n'icyo kinyamakuru cy'ubumenyi bugezweho - imbaraga.
Kuva mu 1972, Arrwady Strugatky yatanze imyaka myinshi n'inkuru zashyize umukono ku izina rya Pseudonym " Yaroslavtsev. " Ibi ni "ibisobanuro bya Nikita Vorontsov" na "Sekibi mu bantu."
Mu 1974, inkuru-Tale ya Arkady Strugatsky "Urugendo ikuzimu" rwasohotse. Izina ryayo ryambere ryumvikanye nka "kwirukanwa mu kirere." Birashimishije nibwo Norudy Strugatky yongeye gusinya kwashyizweho na PSEATIONM S. Yaroslavtsev. Mu nkuru yahinduwe mu ndimi na Bulugariya, ibintu bigize ibihimbano bisekeje bikoreshwa.
Mu gihe cyo kuva mu 1971, 1982, abavandimwe b'impimbano ba siyanse banditse igitabo "cya Chrome", abasomyi babonye mu kinyamakuru "Neva" mu 1986. Umwaka umwe mbere yo gutangaza, mu 1985, Arrwady Strugatky yatorewe n'Umuyobozi w'Intumwa mu-wa-dosiye "ishyaka". Kuva icyo gihe, igitabo nicyo kirungo nyamukuru, aho ibikorwa by'Abasoviyeti n'amahanga byacapwe.
Mu mpera za 80 muri "Neva" imwe mu banditsi "amanota", yitwa imwe mu nyandiko za filozofiya ya Stagatsky. Izina ryatijwe mu gishushanyo cy'umuhanzi Nikolai Roerich, Hitch Nowedy na Boris "n'ubwiza bwe buhebuje no kumva ko nta byiringiro, wavuyemo." Umutwe w'agateganyo w'igitabo - "Apocalypse nshya". Izina rya kabiri ryasuzumwe - "Jye na murumuna wanjye na njye", ryerekana anotiographer ya mbere y'akazi.
Abavandimwe banditse igitabo cyimyaka ibiri, barangije muri Gicurasi 1972. Ariko abasomyi babonye "antitirwa" gusa muri perestroika ibihe. Ibice bya mbere byasohoye ikinyamakuru "RACAGA", icyo gihe cyoherejwe ku mpapuro zayo "Neva".
Abavandimwe ba Stogatky barazwi kandi inkuru zabo. Mu 1960, witwa "imikino itandatu" icyegeranyo cyinkuru cyahindutse umusiba wasohotse. Ingingo zimwe za Stagatky zasohotse nyuma y'urupfu rwabo. Kurugero, inkuru isetse "ibitekerezo byubwenge", cyeguriwe kunegura ibihimbano mu kinyejana cya 20, byasohotse mu 2005 mu gitabo cy'ibitabo "bitazwi Stlugarky" nyuma y'urupfu rwa Norinesky.
Arkady Strugatky yakusanyije mubuzima bwe bwo guhanga ibihembo byinshi hamwe na premium, muribo kirusiya nabanyamahanga. Ku nyandiko ze, ibihimbano byahawe igihembo cya Jul Igihembo cya AelIT n'impeta nini.
Gukingira
Kimwe cya kabiri cyibitabo byakozwe nibitekerezo bya siyanse birakingiwe. Abarebera ba mbere babonye inkuru "Hotel" ukomoka mu misozi yapfuye ", yanditswe mu bwoko bwa terentique nziza mu 1970. Mu bihugu bivuga icyongereza, inkuru yaje munsi yizina "puzzle umugenzuzi Glebski". Yakuye ku ifoto Umuyobozi w'Ubuyobozi w'Abarusiya Groomans. Ikarita y'abagwaneza ya Studio ya Filime "Tallinfilm" yagiye muri ecran mu 1979. Ivuga ibintu bitangaje bibaho byaciwe kuva isi yose kuva kumusozi Avalanche. Ishusho yakuwe muri Esitoniya kandi yigana mu kirusiya.
Ubuzima kuri ecran ya firime bwakiriwe nigikorwa cya "picnic kuruhande rwumuhanda", Boris na Argady Strugatky yanditse mu ntangiriro ya 70. Filime yitwaga "Stalker" kandi yagiye muri ecran mu 1979. Inyandiko kuri we yanditswe n'abavandimwe Stugatky hamwe n'umuyobozi Andrei Tarkovy.
Mu 1982, abarebera b'Abasoviyeti babonye filime y'umwaka mushya muhire "Abapfumu", babaye umuco. Ntabwo abumva bose, bagize iyi shusho kurutonde rwa firime bakunda, menya ko hashingiwe ku mirimo ya bavandimwe ba siyanse "Ku wa mbere itangira ku wa gatandatu." Nibyo, yahinduye rero kuba banditsi no basabye kuvana amazina yabo mumazina. Amateka y'urukundo kandi azwi cyane y'urukundo Alena Sanina na Ivan Pukhov, watandukanije ubupfumu bw'umuyobozi w'urupfu rw'ikigo cya Nuhin Kira Shemkhanskaya, abwira ifoto.
Mu nshingano nyamukuru n'iya kabiri za "charger", Alexander Abdulov, Alexander Yaft, valerin varis, valer zolotova, valer zoteri, valer
Filime "Iminsi ya ecliyifitse" na Alexander Sokurov, waje muri ecran mu 1988, ndetse n "" abapfumu ", bashingiye ku mirimo ya STRUGTSKY. Muri icyo gihe, ifoto iragoye guhamagara. Playwright Yuri Arabov yanditse ibintu bishingiye ku nkuru "imyaka irenga miriyoni kugeza ku mpera yisi", yanditswe na Arkady Stokatsky ku bufatanye na murumuna we ahindura amakuru arambuye. Ariko siyanse ntiyanze gusobanura inkuru ndetse ikaba yagize uruhare mu kurema inyandiko.
Inkuru y'icyamamare ya Arcadia na Boris Stogatky "Biragoye kuba Imana" yakingiwe kabiri. Mu 1989, umuyobozi w'umudage Peter Fleisman, no mu 2013, Umuyobozi w'Uburusiya Alexei Hermann. Iyi niyo kaseti yanyuma ya SUREMAN: Yarekuwe kuri ecran, nka Arkady Strugatky, ntabwo yategereje. Muri iki kinamico itangaje, Leonid Yarmolnik, Yuri Zurilo na Yevgeny Gerchakov yakinnye.
Mu 1990, umuyobozi wa Arkady Sirenko yerekanye "ibishuko B.". Filime iragaragara ko inyandiko ivuga ko yanditswe n'abavandimwe ba STUGANDATKY ubwabo, kandi igitabo cyabo "Ikiyiko cya Elixir" cyafashwe nk'ishingiro.
Filime "Ingurube mbi" yayobowe na Kontantin Lopushansky yabonye mu 2006. Iri ni ryo suzuma rya Spegatky. Ishusho yerekanwe mu rwego rwa gahunda ya Stamburt "Kinotavr", yakiriye isubiramo risusurutsa abanenga, ariko ntiyigeze asohoka mu bukode bwose.
Arkady Strugatky ntabwo yarokotse mbere yo guhuza kimwe mubikorwa bizwi cyane - igitabo "ikirwa cyaturutse. Gusuzuma Ibisanzwe - Tape-Anti-Spectipia - yagaragaye muri 2009, nyuma y'urupfu rwa Norine Nathanovich. Akayunguruzo Bondartwick wagize ibyago. Iyi filime yasohotse mu bice bibiri, narwaye Vasily Stepnov, Peter Swerurov na Julia Snigir.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Umugore wa mbere w'umwanditsi yari inna shershova. Bahuye igihe Norwady Nathanovich yakoreraga i Kansk. Ariko ubu bukwe bwahindutse bworoshye: hagati ya 50 na 50, abashakanye baratandukanye. Abana bahuje hamwe muri Ina na Arkady ntibabikoze.
Uburebure bwa kabiri Noudayy Strugatky yashakanye mu 1955 kuri Elena Toozneseskaya (muri Majannaya Majan). Yari asanzwe afite umukobwa wo mu ishyingiranwa rya mbere - Natalia. Arkady Nathanovich yazamuye umukobwa nka kavukire.
Mu myizerere ya kabiri, umukobwa wa Masha yavutse. Maria Strugatky yashakanye na Politiki ya Gar ergor Gaidar, umwuzukuru w'umwanditsi anywady Petrovich Gaidar Gadar.
Urupfu
Arkady Strugatky yamenye ibijyanye no kwisuzumisha urupfu - kanseri y'umwijima - muri 70. Umwanditsi muremure kandi ubutwari arwana n'indwara, ariko ayitsinda mu myaka 67 y'ubuzima.
Ibihimbano bizwi byapfuye ku ya 12 Ukwakira 1991 i Moscou. Umuvandimwe yarokotse mu myaka mirongo ibiri. Birashimishije kubona ko igitera urupfu rwa Boris nacyo cyanseri.
Umubiri wa Arkady Stogatky, ubwo yaziraga, yitwitse kandi akuraho kajugujugu hejuru ya Moscou. Nanone yaje afite ivu rya muvandimwe. Abanditsi bagaragaje ahantu nyayo hasigaye ibisigazwa: Observatory ya Pulkovo.
Bibliografiya
- 1960 - "Inzira igana Amaltea"
- 1962 - "saa sita, xxii ikinyejana"
- 1964 - "Biragoye kuba Imana"
- 1965 - "Ku wa mbere utangira ku wa gatandatu"
- 1966 - "Snail kuri bree"
- 1967 - "SWAFT SMAS"
- 1968 - "Umugani w'ikamyo"
- 1969 - "Ikirwa kibagirana"
- 1970 - "Hotel" ukomoka mu misozi yapfuye ""
- 1972 - "Picnic kuruhande rwumuhanda"
- 1972 - "ITANGAZO"
- 1974 - "Umusore wo mu kuzimu"
- 1988 - "Ikibi, cyangwa imyaka mirongo ine"
Filmography
- 1979 - "Hotel" kumusozi wa nyakwigendera "
- 1979 - "Stalker"
- 1982 - "Wizard"
- 1988 - "IMINSI YAVUZE"
- 1989 - "Biragoye kuba Imana"
- 1990 - "Ikigeragezo B."
- 2006 - "Swans mbi"
- 2009 - "Ikirwa kituwe"
- 2013 - "Biragoye Kuba Imana"