Ubuzima
Sir Charles Spencer Chaplin, cyane kuri Charlie Chaplin, yavutse muri Mata 1889. Mu muryango wa muzika abakinnyi ba Prom, yari umwana wambere usanzwe. Mbere yo gushyingirwa na Se wa Charlie - Charles Spencer Chaplin - Hana yabyaye umuhungu we wa mbere Sydney Umusozi. Se yari umunyamwenda w'abayahudi. Ariko nyuma yo gushyingirwa, Umusozi wa Sydney, nkumuvandimwe umwe umwe charlie, yabonye izina chaplin.
Abana bato Charlie na murumuna we barishimye. Papa yari akunzwe cyane. Yari afite baritone, yahoraga abatumirwa mu Nzu y'Umuziki ya Londres maze azenguruka cyane i Burayi. Ariko bidatinze ikibazo cyinzoga cyari cyarakabije, kandi umusaza w'imyaka 37 wapfuye mu bitaro bya Londres.
Umupfakazi Mama Charlie yakomeje gukora muri muzika-salle, ariko atangira kugira ikibazo na larynx. Imyaka 5 y'amavuko, Chaplin, uwo nyina yahoraga ajyanye, byabaye ngombwa ko asimbura Mama. Igihe adashobora kunanira indirimbo ye, umuhungu utaziguye yagiye kuri stage atangira kuririmba.
Abakinnyi batsinze bajugunye n'ibiceri na fagitire nto. Charles, gutera kuririmba, munsi ya rubanda yakusanyije amafaranga hanyuma gusa ndizera. Birashoboka, noneho ubuzima bwo guhanga bwa Charlie Chapling yatangiye.
Noneho ubwana bwe burangira. Hana ntiyagishoboye gukorwa. Bidatinze, igihe umuhungu yujuje imyaka 7, nyina yatakaje ubwenge, maze ashyirwa mu bitaro bya psycritric. Charlie na Leds baguye mu kigo cy'imfubyi. Ku myaka 9, Charlie Chaplin yemejwe mu itsinda ryimbyino "abasore umunani ba Lancashir". Hano niho yabanje gushyiraho abumva, yerekana injangwe kuri Pantomime ya Noheri mu 1900.
Ariko mu mwaka, Charlie yavuye mu itsinda. Yagombaga kwibeshaho kandi ntabwo yari afite umwanya wo gukora no kwiga. Charlie Chaplin yakoze ahantu hose aho yajyanywe. Yagurishije ikinyamakuru, afasha mu bitaro asuzuma mu buvuzi, yakoraga mu nzu yo gucapa.
Ku myaka 14, Spelin yabaye impamo: Charlie yemerewe akazi gahoraho muri theatre kandi ahabwa intumwa mu gushyiraho Shere Holmes. Birashimishije kubona umwangavu atazi gusoma no kwandika. Kubwibyo, umuvandimwe wayoboye yafashije kwiga uruhare.
Film
Mu 1908, Chaplild w'imyaka 19 y'amavuko yakiriwe kuri Fred Carno Ikinamico, aho patmimsimes n'ibishushanyo by'inzuzi za muzika y'icyongereza byategurwaga. Vuba cyane, umusore aba umukinnyi wingenzi wibikorwa byinshi. Nyuma yimyaka 2, Carno Troupe ijya mu ruzinduko muri Amerika. Hanyuma Charlield, ahitamo ko azaguma muri Amerika.
Imikorere ya Chapling imaze kubona Mac Sennet. Abakozi ba firime ya firime cyane nkumukino ko yatumiye umuhanzi akora muri studio ye. Muri Nzeri 1913, Charlie Chaplin yashoje amasezerano na Kistoun. Sitidiyo yiyemeje kumwishura amadorari 150 yinubira icyumweru.
Ubwa mbere, ibintu ntabwo byari byiza cyane. Sennet ndetse yashakaga kwirukana Charlie Chaplin, asuzume icyemezo cye cyo kumujyana gukorana no kwiyongera. Ariko nyuma yumwaka, Umwongereza abaye umukinnyi ukomeye. Abareba nkayi ntwari itagira ubugome bwigaragaza rya Mac Saintnet. Ariko numuhanzi urushaho, bameze iyo asubiye inyuma ku ishusho yahimbwe na senet. Iyo Chaplin, Gukina Byahimbwe na CZA ya Seznet (cyangwa clied) bituma umukino wumuntu na Lyrism, ababumva bahura cyane nintwari.
Sennet yigeze gusaba Charlield Champling muburyo bushya muburyo bushya bwo gushimira kugirango ushushanye "Imodoka y'abana". Noneho umuhanzi araza afite ishusho ye nshya, ubu iramenyerewe twese. Iyi ni ipantaro yagutse, ikoti rito cyane (ikarita yubucuruzi), umuhinzi muto, inkweto nini, yambaye kuri uwo mukaguru, no muri ubwanwa.
Ishusho rero ya Tramp nto yavutse. Nyuma yigihe, inkoni, yabonye charlie kuri rimwe mumafoto ya Data, yongewe kuri twe tubimenyereye byose. Tramp ako kanya ihinduka megapopular. Ariko iyo Charlie Chaplin agerageze ku ntsinzi, atangira kumva ko bishobora kuba byiza kandi umuyobozi uyobora abayobora.
Mu 1914, film ya mbere ya Chaplin yitwa "itwikiriwe n'imvura" yagaragaye. Hano Charles yavuze ko atari umukinnyi gusa, ahubwo yabaye ubwa mbere nk'umuyobozi n'indaya. Bitandukanye na sitidiyo ya Kystone, hamwe nicyo kibabi chaplidio "studio" film "yishura umuhanzi kumadorari 1250 buri cyumweru yagiranye amasezerano.
Mu 1916-17, filime ya Moreuel yishyura imirimo yo gusetsa ndetse nziza: amadorari ibihumbi 10 mu cyumweru na ibihumbi 150 kubwamasezerano. Mu 1917, Charlie Chaplin yasinyanye amasezerano na studio "furst nennl" y'amadolari miliyoni maze aba umukinnyi uhenze cyane mu gihe cye.
Mu 1919, Chapling agaragara muri Filime ye ya firime "United". Kuri iyi studio, Charles Chaplin yakoze mbere ya 1950, igihe yahatirwa kuva muri Amerika ubuziraherezo. Amashusho azwi cyane, yakuye Charlie Chaplin ku bahanzi umwe, yari imbaho z'uburebure "Parisanka", "umuriro wa zahabu", "umuriro wumujyi munini" n "ibihe bishya".
Gushushanya "Parisanka" abumva byarakonje. Iyi ni ikinamico yo mumitekerereze aho Chapling yagaragaye gusa nka Kameo. Ingeso yo kubona ishusho ukunda ya trambe nto yaratsinze.
Ariko abanenga bashimye cyane umurimo mushya wa Charlie Chaplin, kumenya impano yumwanditsi inyuma ye. "Umuriro wa Zahabu" na "Circus", wasohotse hagati naho mu mpera za 1920, zararemewe cyane kandi zifata umwanzuro wa Sinema.
Igihe Chaplin ageze i Londres kavukire mu myaka ya za 1920, hanyuma i Paris, hari imbaga nyamwinshi y'abafana. Ku nshuro ya kabiri, uhaguruke mu Burayi byabaye mu myaka ya za 1930. Charlie Chaplin yazanye kaseti ye nshya "amatara yumujyi munini" na "Ibihe bishya".
Gutotezwa
Umugambi wa Charlie Chaplin mu jwi rya firime ryabaye mu myaka ya za 1940. Byari ishusho ya antihygler "umunyagitugu ukomeye". Byongeye kandi, ni kaseti yanyuma aho chapli yagaragaye mumashusho ya tramp gato. Hamwe no hanze yishusho atangira gutotezwa. Araregwa ibikorwa byo kurwanya Abanyamerika no kwiyemeza kubitekerezo by'Abakomunisiti. Edgar Hooker, umuyobozi wa Amerika FBI, akora icyegeranyo cya dossil ya Chaplin, yatangiye mu myaka ya za 1930.
Ukurikirana impinga yaje mu myaka ya za 40, igihe Charlie Chaplin yakuyeho film ye "Monsoie Verda". Yabujijwe kugenzura. Umuhanzi yatangiye kuvomera kumvikana. Batutse Chaplin muri byose: Mu kwishima mu gihugu cyangiritse (umukinnyi ntabwo yatwemereye ubwenegihugu), mubyukuri ko ari Umukomunisiti wibanga n'Umuyahudi. Baguye mu buzima bwabo bwite, bakurura hejuru y'imyenda y'imbere yanduye. Nubwo bimeze bityo ariko, ifoto ya monsie Verda yatorewe kuri Oscar kubintu byiza.
Byashobokaga kwirukana umuhanzi uturutse muri Amerika mu 1952, igihe Chapve agiye i Londres kuri premiere ya Kirama "Itara mu matara". Goover yageze kuri serivisi z'abinjira n'abasohoka kugaruka k'umuhanzi muri Amerika. Charlie Chaplin yatuye muri Vesity Convely Version. Guteganya ko bishobora kwirukanwa mu gihugu, charlie isiga imbaraga z'abavoka ku mutungo wacyo wose hamwe n'uwo mwashakanye. Acecekaho byose, yimuka hamwe n'abana mu Busuwisi.
Imyaka Yanyuma nurupfu
Mu Busuwisi, Charlie Chapling akomeje kurema. Yanditse umuziki kuri firime zimwe zituje. Yahiye "umuriro wa zahabu". Mu 1948, inkuru ya "ramp" isohotse munsi yikaramu yumuhanzi, yari ishingiro rya kaseti ya Ramosi. Mu 1954, CHIPL yahawe igihembo mpuzamahanga cyamahoro. Kandi mu 1957, filime ya Charlie Chaffling "Umwami i New York" yasohotse, aho umukubite asohoza uruhare runini.
Nyuma yimyaka 7, Mamy Mukuru yasohowe nimitoni, yari ishingiro ryamashusho ya biografiya "Chaplin", abamwumva babonye mu 1992. Filime iheruka yumuhanzi "ndwanya kuva Hong Kong" yatanzwe mu 1967. Gusura Amerika, Charlie Chaplin yacunzwe mu 1972. Yahawe viza ngufi yo kugera mu birori bya Oscar. Nibwo statuette ya kabiri yabonetse na Charlie. Nyuma yimyaka 3, umwamikazi wa Great Britoni Elizabeth II II yitangiye Chapn mu bahani.
Charlie Chaplin ntabwo yakoraga ku ya 25 Ukuboza 1977. Yagiye mu nzozi. Yashyinguye umuhanzi mu irimbi ryakozwe na veve. Ariko muri Werurwe 1978, nyuma yo gushimuta, umukungugu we wasubijwe mu wundi mujyi wo mu Busuwisi - Korc-Sur-Vevey, ikigobe cy'imva gifite umupira wa bene.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Ubuzima bwihariye bwa Charlie Chaplin ni 4 gushyingirwa nabana 12 (umwe muribo gendatike asabwa abatari abadafite amakuru). Umukinnyi wambere wuwo mwashakanye ya Milred Harris. Bose hamwe, abakinnyi babayeho imyaka 2 gusa. Norman wabo w'imfura yapfuye hafi akimara kuvuka. Hamwe n'umugore wa kabiri, Mita Gray Chaplin yabayeho imyaka 4.
Kurongora imyaka 16, Charlie yagombaga kumujyana muri Mexico, aho ubukwe bwanditswe. Muri ubwo bumwe, abahungu ba Charles Chaplin (JR.) na Sydney Earl Chaplin yavutse. Mu gihe cyo gushyingirwa, umuhanzi yishyuye amafaranga menshi nk'amafaranga asobanutse neza: ukurikije ibigereranyo bitandukanye kuva 700 kugeza 850 by'amadolari.
Hamwe n'umugore wa gatatu, indege, Goddar Chapling yabayeho kuva 1932 kugeza 1940. Nyuma yo gutandukana no kujya mu Busuwisi, indege yashakanye n'umwanditsi Erich Maria Remarik. Uwo mwashakanye wa kane wumuhanzi wumwongereza ntabwo anywa O'Neill. Ubukwe bwabo bwabaye mu 1943. UNA yari umugabo wari muto imyaka 36. Hamwe na hamwe babaga kugeza gupfa Chapling. Muri ubu bukwe, abahungu 3 bavutse n'abakobwa 5. Umwana wanyuma yavutse igihe Urwenya rwahinduye imyaka 72.
Filmography
- Imodoka y'abana
- Imvura ya Caped
- Paristian
- Umuriro wa zahabu
- Amatara yumujyi munini
- Ibihe bishya
- Umunyagitugu ukomeye
- Monsiel VERDA
- Itara
- Umwami i New York
- Ndwanya kuva Hong Kong