Ubuzima
Ivan Andreevich Krylov yavutse muri Gashyantare 1769 i Moscou, mumuryango wumusirikare mukuru. Kwerekana ubutwari n'ubutwari mugihe cyo guhuza Pugachev Bunt, Andrei Krylov ntabwo yakiriye ibihembo byose akaba. Nyuma y'izabukuru, yinjira mu bakozi ba Leta yimuka hamwe n'umugore we n'abahungu babiri muri Tver. Umwanya wa Perezida w'umucamanza ntabwo wazanye amafaranga afatika, umuryango wabayeho mu bukene. Amababa-mukuru yapfuye mu 1778 mu ntera ya Kapiteni. Ubuzima bw'abapfakazi n'abana (Umuhungu mukuru wa Ivan yasohojwe afite imyaka 9 gusa) yabaye n'abakennye.
Ivan Andreevich Krylov ntabwo yari afite amahirwe yo kwiga neza. Yakuye kuri se, yakundaga gusoma, amaze guhabwa isukari nini gusa n'ibitabo. Uburengerazuba bwa West Pophicet bwatumye Ivan yitabira amasomo yururimi rwigifaransa, yahawe abana babo. Rero, Ivan Krylov yihanganiye igifaransa.
Ejo hazaza Basanista yatangiye gukora kare cyane kandi yari azi uburemere bwubuzima mubukene. Nyuma y'urupfu rwa se Ivana, bajyanye Gonyari mu rugendo rw'intara ya Tver, aho amababa akomeye yakoraga mbere. Ibirimo byo guhangana ntabwo bigomba gupfa ninzara. Nyuma yimyaka 5, nyina wa Ivan Krylova, afata abana, yagiye muri St. Petersburg kugira ngo ahuze pansiyo na gahunda yumuhungu w'imfura gukora. Rero Ivan Krylov yakiriye umwanya mushya ashyiraho umukozi usanzwe mu cyumba cyemewe.
Amababa akiri muto, atabonye uburezi bwa sisitemu, akomeza kwigira mu kwiyigisha. Yasomye byinshi, yize gucuranga ibikoresho bitandukanye. Mfite imyaka 15, ivan ndetse yandika opera ntoya ya comic, yandika ibinyamakuru byo no guhamagara "ikawa nijoro." Nibwo bwa mbere, nubwo butatsinzwe, ariko aracyatangirana mubitabo. Ururimi rwo kwandika rwabakire cyane, icyo amababa ategekwa gusunika urukundo rwabo mubantu boroheje bafite amata atandukanye. "Ndashimira" Ubukene, Ivan Andreevich bwamenyereye neza ubuzima n'imbuto z'abantu basanzwe, ejo hazaza yari ingirakamaro cyane.
Kurema
Kwimura Ivan Andreevich Krylov kugera muri St. Petersburg yahujwe no kugaragara mumujyi wimikino rusange. Umusore warambuye ubuhanzi bwahise asura ikinamico. Agezeyo, yahuye n'abahanzi bamwe babaga mu nyungu z'uru rusengero rw'ubuhanzi. Byarashakaga cyane umwuga ku murimo mushya w'ubugeri, amababa ntiyashakaga, inyungu ze zose zayobowe rwose kurundi ruhande. Kubwibyo, umusore wimyaka 18 yeguye kandi atangira ibikorwa byubuvanganzo.
Ubwa mbere ntatsinzwe. Ivan Krylov yanditse ibyago bya filomela, kwigana ibya kera. Hariho bimwe byimpano nubusa byintangiriro yumwanditsi, ariko mubijyanye nubuvanganzo "philomel" byari umurimo wo muri Meciocre. Ariko umwanditsi ukiri muto ntabwo yari agiye guhagarara.
Hariho ibitambo byinshi byamakuba. "Umuryango w'umuryango", "PAPS", "Umwanditsi wo muri koridoro" n'abandi na we ntibakubise abasomyi n'abanenga batanga. Ariko gukura k'ubuhanga ugereranije na "filomela" byari bizwi.
Umugani wa mbere wa Ivan Andreevich Krylov wacapishijwe nta mukono utarimo umukono. Bagaragaye mu kinyamakuru "bareba mu gitondo" mu 1788. Ibikorwa bitatu, byitwa "Innorote", "Iherezo ry'abakinnyi", "Ikibanza gishya" nticyabonetse n'abasomyi kandi ntibyakiriwe byemejwe n'abanengwa. Bafite ibisebe byinshi, kutitaho ibintu, ariko ntabwo ari ubuhanga.
Mu 1789, Ivan Krylov, hamwe na Rachmanin, atangira gutangaza ikinyamakuru "amabaruwa y'umyuka". Arashaka kubyutsa satire ikomeye ko ibinyamakuru novoikov byagaragaje mbere. Ariko igitabo nticyigeraho kandi muri uwo mwaka gihagarika inzira. Ariko ntabwo ihagarika Krylov. Nyuma yimyaka 3, irema ikindi kinyamakuru hamwe nitsinda ryabantu bahuje ibitekerezo, kumuhamagara "abareba". Umwaka umwe, ikinyamakuru cya St. Petersburg Mercury igaragara. Muri iri tangazo, ingingo zimwe za Prose za Krylov zacapwe, rufite inkuru "kaib" hamwe no gushira amanga meza "imvugo iri imbere", ashyira nyir'ubutaka, aratinyutse.
Ntabwo bizwi ko aribwo buryo bwo kugenda by'agateganyo bwa Ivan Krylov mu bikorwa by'ubuvanganzo, n'impamvu yavuye mu ntara Petersburg. Ahari, gukandamizwa kw'abayobozi byatangiye, kandi birashoboka ko byatsinzwe ubuvanganzo byasunitse umwanditsi kuva mu mujyi, ariko mbere yuko amababa ya 1806 areka kwandika. Mu 1806, amababa asubira mubikorwa byingenzi.
Yanditse uburyo buhindurwa bwa Lafontena Basen "igiti n'inkoni", "gutora umugeni" na "umusaza n'abasore batatu." Ubuhinduzi hamwe nibyifuzo byubuhanga Ivan Dmitrieva icapiro ikinyamakuru cyabashojwe "Moscou". Muri 1806, Ivan Krylov yasubiye i St. Petersburg ashyira "iduka ryimyambarire" comedi. Umwaka ukurikira, kimwe - "isomo". Sosiyete, bijyanye n'intambara ya Napoleonic, ninde wahuye numva patriotic, ahura no gukora ashishikaye cyane. N'ubundi kandi, igifaransa kirasebya.
Mu 1809, ikoti nyayo yo guhanga ya Ivan Krylova iratangira. Igitabo cya mbere cya bassen ye, kigizwe nibikorwa 23 (harimo "inzovu na pug"), ukunda gukundwa cyane. Kuva icyo gihe, amababa ahinduka abanziliste azwi, imirimo mishya itegereje abaturage. Ivan Andreevich asubira mu mirimo ya Leta. Ubwa mbere, yinjira mu ishami rigaragara mu ishami rya mint, kandi nyuma yimyaka 2 - kubisomero rusange bya leta, aho yakoraga kuva 1812 kugeza 1841.
Muri iki gihe, amababa kandi yarahindutse imbere. Noneho ararara kandi arahungabana. Ntabwo akunda gutongana, gutuza cyane, gusetsa no kuba umunebwe. Kuva mu 1836, Ivan Krylov ntakintu cyanditse. Mu 1838, abaturage b'ubuvanganzo bubaha isabukuru yimyaka 50 ibikorwa byo guhanga bya Basinista. Umwanditsi yapfuye mu Gushyingo 1844.
Kuva munsi y'ibaba rya Ivan Andreevich Krylova, Bassen urenga 200 yasohotse. Muri bamwe, yarize ukuri k'Uburusiya, mu bandi - inenge z'abantu, abandi ni abanyabusizi. Imirongo myinshi yamakuru yinjiye mugihe yinjiye mumvugo yo kuvuga kandi ikungahaza Ikirusiya. Imigani ye ni abantu cyane kandi muri rusange barasobanutse. Baringaniye na gato, kandi ntabwo ari abanyabwenge bize cyane. Mu gihe cy'umwanditsi, kopi zigera ku gihumbi 80 z'ibyegeranyo byashyizwe ahagaragara. Muri kiriya gihe, ibintu bitigeze bibaho. Ibyamamare bya Ivan Andreevich Krylova birashobora kugereranwa nubuzima bwawe bwamamare bwa gukundwa na Gogol.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Kubijyanye no gutatanya, uburangare n'iterambere ridasanzwe rya Ivan Krylov yagiye imigani kandi hari anecdotes. Byari mu mwuka we wo gushyira umupira nijoro mu mufuka aho kuba igitambaro, kubikuramo mugihe cyo kuba muri sosiyete no kudafite akamaro. Ivan Andreevich atitaye rwose kubigaragara. Byasa nkaho umuntu nkuyu adashobora gukoresha ibitekerezo byabadamu. Nubwo bimeze bityo ariko, amakuru ye mu gihe cye yavugaga ko ubuzima bwite bwa Ivan Krylov bwarokowe, nubwo atari urugomo, ariko rwose ntibyari byiza.
Kuri 22, yakundaga umukobwa w'umupadiri wo mu ntara ya Bryansk County Anna. Umukobwa aramusubiza. Ariko igihe urubyiruko rwiyemeza kurongora, annes kavukire yarwanyaga ubu bukwe. Bari mu mibanire ya kure na Lermontov kandi, byongeye, birahuye. Kubwibyo, banze kurongora umukobwa kubera inzinguzi. Ariko Anna yahise agenda rero ko amaherezo ababyeyi bemeye gushaka Ivan Krylov, abo bari batunganije i St. Petersburg. Ariko amababa asubiza ko nta mafaranga yari afite yo kuza i Bryask, asaba kumuzana Anna. Abakobwa kavukire barababajwe nigisubizo, kandi gushyingirwa ntibyabaye.
Abayo mugihe cya Ivan Krylova yanditse ko abadamu bazwi batitaye ku bubi kandi busaze. Bivugwa ko yakunzwe na Ballerina, wari ukubiye muri Grand Dunstantin Pavlovich. Ariko basinista yabuze ko bidakwiriye gushyingirwa. Bavuga ko Ubejeri Maria ya Fedorovna ubwayo yari yimpuhwe nyinshi ku bantu beza. Kandi ibi nubwo ivan Andreevich yatinyutse kugaragara imbere ye muri boot ya Houly, aho yahuje urutoki, ndetse ananagambiriye igihe nasomaga ikiganza cyagabe.
Ivan Krylov ntabwo yigeze arongora. Ku mugaragaro, nta mwana afite. Ariko mugihe abaturage ba Basiniste bavugaga ko Ivan Andreevich yari igizwe numugore wasigiriyandi. Amababa yo mu rugo ni we. Ntishobora kurongora amababa ye, kuko societe yaguciraho iteka. Nubwo bimeze bityo ariko, fenia yibarutse umukobwa Sasha, ifatwa nkaho ari umukobwa utarangije wa Krylov. Kuba ibi bishobora kuba impamo, ko nyuma y'urupfu rwa Feniya Sasha yagumye gutura i Krylov. Nyuma yubukwe bwe, amababa yishimiye ko yabanaga abana be no kwandikisha umutungo we wose yandiriye umugabo we Alexandra. Igihe yapfaga Ivan Krylov, uburiri bwe bwari afite Sasha, umugabo we n'abana babiri.
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