Ubuzima
Victoria nuland nimwe mumibare yingenzi ya diplomacy y'Abanyamerika ku kibuga cya politiki ku isi. I Washington, yari azwiho nk "superwasher", nk'ubushishozi bwakozwe mu buyobozi bwe ambasaze na mirongo itanu na ubutumwa bw'Abanyamerika mu Burayi. Abakozi mu bucuruzi abo mu Burayi bafatwaga nkukuri kandi rimwe na rimwe "badafite diplomasi", ariko ntibyabangamiye umuganga unyuze mu nzego y'umwuga no kumenyekana haba mu gihugu ndetse no hanze yacyo ndetse no hanze yacyo.Mu bwana n'urubyiruko
Victoria Jane Nuland yavutse ku ya 1 Nyakanga 1961 muri Leta ya Amerika ya Connecticut. Nyirakuru na sogokuru mu murongo wa se, Abayahudi mu bwenegihugu, bitwaga Nudelman, bava mu bwami bw'Uburusiya mu ntangiriro ya 1900. Ku rubyiruko, se wahoze ari umunyamabanga wa Leta zunze uburayi, umuganga ubaga, umuganga ubaga, umwarimu wa aoebics n'umwanditsi bahitamo kuri Amerika, bahindura izina kuri Shewin yambaye ubusa.
Ubwana nu rubyiruko Victoria nuland yagiye nkabana benshi mumiryango ifite ubwenge. Nubwo abavandimwe na bashiki bacu batatu bakuze munzu, ababyeyi bamwiteho kwiyongera kuburere bwumukobwa wambere, ashyira urukundo kugirango agire kwiga. Kubwibyo, mu kugera ku kigero cy'ishuri, umuhamagaro w'ejo hazaza woherejwe muri choate yigenga ya Jesulmary Rosemary Indwara ya Rosemary i Walingford, aho uburezi abahungu n'abakobwa babonetse bakoresheje gahunda zitandukanye.
Muri kaminuza, Victoria yize neza, byatumye bishoboka kwinjira muri kaminuza yigenga y'icyiciro cya kabiri cy'ibigo by'Amerika, Kaminuza ya Brownov, mu ishami rya politiki ya Leta. Amaze kubona "itike" ku isi ya diplomasi, Nuland yagombaga gusura umwenda gusura ibihugu bitandukanye byisi. Umuyoboro utanga amakuru ashimishije muri biografiya ya Victoria mugihe.
Mu Kwakira 2014, yavuze kuri kaminuza ya Taras Shevchenko Kiev. Hanyuma abanyeshuri barabaza bati: Nibyo ko arukuri ko umudipolomate yakoraga umupayiniya muri Odesa "umuzamu". Umugore wumunyamerika yabuze, avuga ko umuntu wabajije iki kibazo "mubyukuri ubwenge bwiza". Icyakora, byasobanuye igihe n'abantu neza, "" nubwo ibiryo bitari byiza cyane. "
Mu kiganiro na New York Times mu mwaka wa 2012, Victoria yavuze ko kuva aho akazi kari ku burobyi bw'Abasoviyeti, urubura "rwabereye", rwirengagiza inyanja yagumye ku bwato bw'uburoba bw'Abasoviyeti. Yaganiriye n'umunyamakuru Jeanne Nemtsova, yabisobanuye:
Ati: "Igikorwa canjye kwari inshingano kuri radio hagati y'icyombo gitunganya amafi n'Abanyamerika kugira ngo babone amafi kugeza ku isoko. Twari urubyiruko rwose rwigishaga Ikirusiya kandi dushakisha ibintu, kuba hamwe n'abarusiya. "Politiki
Umwuga wa politiki wa Victoria watangijwe mu 1985. Hanyuma, kubera umunyapolitiki wa Novice, yakoraga mu Bushinwa, aho yigaragaje umudipolomate w'umwuga. Wiyongereyeho kwiyongera, yiswe umugore ku giti cye imbuga z'umuntu ku giti cye) yimukiye muri Biro ishami rya Leta ishami rya pasifika na Aziya y'Uburasirazuba. Nyuma yimyaka 2, kwigaragaza ko ushishikajwe no kugenzura ibibazo kuri Leta zunze ubumwe z'Abasoviyeti mu murwa mukuru wa Leta ya Leta ya Ulaan, umuturanyi wa Leta ya Ulaan, aturanye n'uko haturanye politiki y'ububanyi n'amahanga ya Amerika muri Icyerekezo cy'Uburusiya.Ishimwe rya Batty AmashushoKuva mu 1991, Victoria Nuland yoherejwe i Moscou, aho yakoraga muri Ambasade y'Amerika kandi ashinzwe itumanaho na guverinoma ya Perezida wa mbere w'Uburusiya Boris Yeltsin Yeltsin. Mu 1993, umudipolomate yari yimbitse muri politiki y'ububanyi n'amahanga ya Amerika - mu bikorwa byayo harimo ibibazo mu Burusiya no kwagura NATO. Ngaho, yerekanye ubuhanga bwe n'ubuyobozi bwe, kubiba byo gukemura ibibazo by'ingenzi bigamije intwaro za kirimbuzi bya Ukraine, Biyelorusiya na Kazakisitani.
Mu mpera z'imyaka 90, NUKE yakiriye ubwiyongere bushya muri serivisi - Yafashe umuyobozi w'ishami rishinzwe ishami ry'ishami rishinzwe ishami ryahoze ari Uwahoze ari Usss, yahagarariye inyungu za politiki mu mibanireya n'uburusiya n'ibihugu bya Caucase. Mu ntangiriro ya 2000, umudipolomate yinjije mu Nama Internation Mater ishinzwe imibereho myiza yo muri Amerika, aho yarwaniye inyungu z'igihugu cye n'ububasha bw'isi bwerekanaga ko anti-Amerika yagaragaje indangagaciro zabanyamerika.
Ishimwe rya Batty AmashushoIcyiciro gikurikira cyumwuga Victoria nuland bifitanye isano na atlantike ya Atalantika y'Amajyaruguru. Mu 2001, yabaye umudepite wungirije uyobowe na NATO. Politiki yamaze kugera muri iki cyerekezo yari ifite akamaro uruhare rw'ibihugu, kubera ko mbikesheje imbaraga z'igihugu cya Nuland yakiriye inkunga nini y'isi yose nyuma y'igitero cy'iterabwoba ku gitero cy'iterabwoba ku ya 11 Nzeri.
Byongeye kandi, umudipolomate yakuye abanyamuryango 7 bashya ku bufatanye, bakoraga cyane ku bijyanye n'inama y'Uburusiya-NAto kandi batanze inkunga y'ingabo za NATO mu 2003, nyuma yo gutera ingabo za IRGANISTAN hanze ya Afuganisitani mu 2003, nyuma yo gutera ingabo za IRAQ muri gahunda yo guhirika Ubutegetsi bwa Saddam Hussein.
Mu bihe biri imbere, Victoria yakoraga mu kanama gashinzwe umutekano muri Amerika, aho yakoraga mu gukemura ibibazo by'isi yose bijyanye na Afuganisitani, Iraki, Uburasirazuba bwo Hagati na Libani yo Hagati na Libani. Kubijyanye n'ububiya n'umwanya usobanutse muribi bibazo, intuet yashizweho ku mwanya uhagarariye uhagarariye uwuhagarariye na NATO, mu gihe yizeye kandi akomeza kugenzura ibibazo by'ubuyobozi bw'Uburusiya no kwagura ubumwe.
Muri 2011, Victoria asuland nk '"umwuga utavugijwe" wafashe Perezida wa Minisiteri y'ububanyi n'amahanga ya Amerika. Ngaho, yakoraga imyaka itari mike - asanzwe muri 2013, umudipolomate ararahira nk'umunyamabanga wungirije wa Leta zunze ubumwe z'Amerika ku bibazo by'Uburayi. Umusimbuye nk'umunyamabanga w'itangazamakuru yabaye Eccentric Jennifer Zaka, utazibagirana ku nkombe zacyo "ku nkomyi" ibyerekeye inkombe z'iburengerazuba muri Ukraine mu Burusiya, n'ibindi.
Ishimwe rya Batty AmashushoMu mwanya mushya, Nuke yagize uruhare rugaragara mu makimbirane ya Ukraine kandi atanga ingaruka zikomeye ku mirimo ya politiki muri iki gihugu, harimo no gushaka ikibazo cy'intwaro zitangwa. Umunyamakuru Robert Parry, uzwi cyane mu iperereza rirenga, yijeje ko Victoine n'umugabo we batewe inkunga na Minisitiri w'intebe.
Nuke yabaye umwe mu mibare mito ya politiki, yasuye Euromadan i Kiev, aho yari afite inkunga ku muteguro w'abategura verisiyo ya Leta. N'izina rye, igitekerezo cy '"ubukene bw'ishami rya Leta" kirahujwe. Nk'uko bya diplomate, mu 2013, we hafi rimwe mu kwezi kugera ku murwa mukuru wa Ukraine.
Ati: "Numvaga ko tutagomba kujya kwa kare dufite amaboko mu buryo ubusa. Kubera iyo mpamvu, twazanye sandwiches tutabagabana n'abigaragambyaga gusa, ahubwo twanabiganye n'abakozi ba serivisi ishinzwe umutekano mu bashinzwe umutekano, ryahohotewe n'abayobozi babo kandi ryoherejwe kurwanya couptriok. "Kandi iyi ni kremlin, umugore azi neza ko azashinja ko mu mbuga nkoranyambaga z'ibikorwa by'ubutabazi byahindutse ikimenyetso.
Ishimwe rya Batty AmashushoMuri 2014, Victoria yari hagati y'izuba rya diplomasi nyuma yo gutangaza amajwi y'ikiganiro, aho yinangiye ambasaderi wa Amerika muri Ukraine yavuzwe mu kugira uruhare mu kugira uruhare mu kwitegereza Umuryango w'ubumwe bw'ibihugu by'Uburayi mu gukemura neza Ikibazo cya politiki. Jen Psaki yahise ashimangira ko Nulnde ku giti cye yazanye imbabazi kuri bagenzi be muri EU babidipolouars.
Muri 2017, umunyapolitiki uzwi cyane yavuye muri Minisiteri ya Leta. Hamwe na yo, imirenge 10 ya Leta n'abaperezida 5 barahinduwe. Nuland ntiyashakaga gukorana n'ubuyobozi bwa Donald Impaka, kubera ko uyu mugabo afite umwanya utandukanye n'icyo yarwanze imyaka 30. Nubwo bimeze bityo ariko, Victoria atekereza ko ari ngombwa gukomeza ibiganiro n'uruhande rw'Uburusiya kugira ngo ushyire mu bikorwa amasezerano ya Minsk, ubu bifatwa nk'inzira yonyine yo guhagarika intambara mu Donbas.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Ubuzima bwihariye bwa Victoria bwitabiriwe neza, nta page muri Facebook na Twitter, amakuru yerekeye gukura nuburemere ntabwo yavuwe. Kandi birumvikana, ntugomba gushakisha amafoto kubibazo bisanzwe "muri swishuit" muri "Instagram".
Birazwi ko umunyapolitiki yashakanye n'umunyamakuru w'umunyamerika, ingengabitekerezo yo kwitegura abarwanashyaka na Robert Kagan, akora nk'ikigo gikuru gihagarika ikigo. Iki kigo cyihariye mubushakashatsi no gusesengura ibintu mubukungu, politiki, societe kandi bifatwa nkimwe mubigo byiza "ubwonko".
Ishimwe rya Batty AmashushoAbashakanye bafite ibitekerezo bimwe ku isi - bashyigikirana mubikorwa byumwuga nubuzima bwa buri munsi. Mu bashakanye nauland Nuland, Kagan, abana babiri bavutse, amakuru yerekeye itangazamakuru nayo ntiriboneka.
Muri 2015, itangazamakuru ryahinduwe mu makuru yerekeye imiterere y'ubudipolomate, benshi bafatwaga mpimbano. Icyakora, imbuga zerekanwe kuri BBC muri Amerika y'Abanyamerika, ngo zatangajwe ko muri Werurwe, nuland yimutse iburyo ku kazi. Kubera ko yari wenyine mu biro, ubufasha ntabwo bwari afite umwanya wo gutanga mugihe gikwiye. Muri St. Ibitaro bya Francis, ibitaro bya Francis byasuzumwe Victoria imvururu no kumugara kuruhande rwiburyo bwumubiri. Ni ryari kandi ni bangahe umufasha wa Leta wagaruwe n'indwara, ntazwi.
Victoria Nuland Noneho
Kugeza mu ntangiriro z'umwaka wa 2019, Victoria yafashe umwanya w'umuyobozi mukuru w'ikigo cy'umutekano mushya w'Abanyamerika. Iyi miterere ikura politiki ikomeye, pragmati na rusange yumutekano wigihugu no kwirwanaho, itera inkunga kandi ikarinda inyungu zabanyamerika nindangagaciro. Kuva aho, yimukiye muri Madeleigh Albright Albright Anlatbridge itsinda, gutanga serivisi ku bucuruzi bunini.
Ishimwe rya Batty AmashushoMuri Gicurasi, Nuke yizeye kwitabira inama mpuzamahanga ku buryo buke bw'abantu batunganijwe n'abarusiya benshi b'Abarusiya, b'Abadage n'Abanyamerika. Muri bo harimo kaminuza ya John Hopkins, rwiyemezamirimo munini w'urugo rw'inganda za gisirikare ku murimo w'ubushakashatsi no mu iterambere.
Politiki yabujije kwanga muri viza yo kwinjira. Igihe Minisiteri y'ububanyi n'amahanga y'Uburusiya yabisobanuye, izina ry'uwo mwaka Uwahoze ari umunyamabanga wa Leta zu Burayi ku Burayi na Eurasia ryakozwe ku rutonde rw'ibiburanyi rwirabura rwashushanyijeho ibihano byabanyamerika.