Ubuzima
Leonid Gaidai - Umuyobozi w'Abasoviyeti, umukinnyi n'indaya yahawe izina ry'umuhanzi w'abantu wa Ussr mu 1989. Arazwi, mbere na mbere, hamwe n'amafilime ye, inyinshi muri zo zinjije amashusho ya firime zo mu rugo. Ibishushanyo bye "ibikorwa bye" n'ibindi bitekerezo bya Shurika "," Ivan Vasilyevich ihindura umwuga "," Diamond Vasika "," kandi "intebe 12".
Umugani uzaza wa cinema murugo wavukiye mumudugudu wubuntu, uherereye mukarere kamur. Ariko ntiyari afite imyaka myinshi mugihe umuryango wimutse ugana kuriganya, hanyuma ugana Irkutsk, aho umwana wa Leonid wanyuze. Yakuze afite abana babiri bakuru - umuvandimwe Alegizandere na mushiki wa Kanama. By the way, abavyeyi bayobora bari abakozi boroheje bakorera gari ya moshi. Muri icyo gihe, Leonid warangije amashuri ya gari ya moshi ya nimugoroba, yiga ishami.
Dukurikije ibihuha, Leonid Gaidai ubwe yabonaga ko ari Ikirusiya, ariko se w'Umuyobozi witwa JESsidovich, yayoboye imizi ya Semiti y'abayobozi. Nk'uko andi makuru, se wa Gaidayid Pay yari afite inkomoko ya Ukraine, kandi umuyobozi ubwe ntiyashoboraga gufatwa nk'umuyahudi, kubera ko umurage w'ubwo burenganzira wanduzwa na nyina.
Leonid yagerageje kujya mubwitange bwimbere, ariko kubera imyaka, umusore ntiyafashe. Gaidai yabonye umuriro kuri Moscou sara Ikinamico, wari muri ako kanya mu irkutsk mu kwimurwa. Nyuma yumwaka, umusore yarakanguye, ariko yabanje kohereza gukorera muri Mongoliya ituje. Leonid yararakaye cyane, buri gihe agera ku guhindura imbere.
Muri icyo gihe, ibintu bitoroshye byabaye, muburyo bwahinduwe bwaje muri screen ya cinema nyuma. Ese komatana ya gisirikare yashakaga abakorerabushake kwimurira ahantu hashyushye na buri kibazo "uri mu kibaho?", "Mu mafarasi?" Gaidai yavugije induru "I". Noneho umusirikare uvugisha imvugo izwi cyane yakurikiyeho "Tegereza!" Reka menyesha urutonde rwose! "
Kubera iyo mpamvu, Paionid Gaiday yimuriwe mu cyerekezo cya Kalininsky ku bwenge, aho yari yigaragarije intwari mu gihe kimwe mu ntambara, nyuma yaje gukomeretsa bikomeye, azakomeretsa umwanzi. Umusore wo muri Komiseri, kugeza ku ntambara yari inyuma.
Nyuma yo gutsinda cyane, Gaidai yarangije muri studio yo gucukura amakinamico ya Irkutsk. Ntabwo wakoze muri ikinamico ikinamico by umukinnyi na Amuninator, hanyuma bajya i Moscou kugirango batsinde Vgik, aho yinjiye mu butegetsi bw'agateganyo.
Film
Muri firime Leonid Gaidai yakubise igitabo cye mu 1955, kandi nk'umukinnyi. Leonid Gaidai yakinnye Ashleka muri "Lyabana". Ariko ubuzima bukora bwa Gariyaday ntabwo butazababaza icyo utavuga kubikorwa kurundi ruhande rwa kamera. Nyuma yumwaka umwe, Leonid Gaidai akora igitabo cyacuramo agamije kandi gitanga filime ikinamico "inzira ndende". Ishusho yagaragaye na Romm izwi cyane ya Mikhail ku giti cye, mu buryo runaka mu kinamico isukuye yashoboye gutekereza ku kigali cyabizigamye. Yari umuntu wagiriye inama Leonid Iovich kureba ubwoko busetse.Hanyuma Gaidai asohora kaseti ya satani ya "umukwe iva mwisi", kubera ko umwuga wazimiye. Kuva muri firime nyuma yo kugenzura, habaye kimwe cya kabiri, ariko na nyuma yo guca intege nke, umuyobozi utarabura yaribujijwe kurasa. Hanyuma Gaidai mu gihe cya mbere kandi uheruka nagiye mu masezerano na Mosfilm: Yakoze ikinamico y'ingengabitekerezo ijyanye na parike "Isoltine inshuro eshatu", ashikamye akemerewe gukora. Ariko umuyobozi w'iyi firime ubwe yamuritse kugeza ubuzima bwe.
Mu 1961, akuraho Filime ngufi "Barbos Imbwa n'Umusaraba udasanzwe" na "Moonshoes", uzana icyubahiro cy'ubuyobozi bwose, ahubwo no mu Butatu n'ibihari hamwe na George Vicin, Yuri Nikulina na Evgenia Morgunov.
Gushiraho igitabo gike cyo gusetsa Amerika O'henry mu kimenyetso "abacuruzi", Gaidai, Caucase, cyangwa andi marangamutima ya Shurika "," Ivan Vasilyevich yatangaje ko Schurik yatangaje ya Schurik "," ikiganza cya diyama "," ntigishobora! ". Izi firime zabaye isura ya cinema y'Abasoviyeti ku gisekuru gikurikira.
Mu myaka ya za 70, umuyobozi yongeye guhindura ibitabo, ariko iki gihe kivuka. Leonid Gaidai yakingiye ibikorwa bya kera by'Abagereki: Ilya Ilf na Evgenia Petrova, Mikhail Bulgakov, Mikhail Zoshchenko na Nikolai Gogol. Undi diyama rero agaragara mu cyegeranyo cya Leonid Gaiday: Urwenya ruzwi "intebe 12".
By the way, Leonid Gaidai ubwe yakunze kugaragara muri firime ze mu bice bito. Uruhare runini cyane ni archiviste ya Warfolomes yabasanduku mu "ntebe 12". Mu myaka ya za 1980, umuyobozi yashyizeho urundi rurimi rwa kera "siporo - 82", kandi yakodeshaga byinshi mu kurekura filime "filil".
Mu 1989, Leonid Gaidai yakiriye izina ry'umuhanzi w'abantu wa SSSR.
Ibikorwa byanyuma bya Gaidai ya Leonid ya Leonid byari ibishushanyo mbonera bya pestletroika "umugenzacyaha bwite, cyangwa imikorere" ubufatanye "cyangwa imvura nziza kuri Britibovskaya", aho Dharatyan yakinnye cyane.
Birakwiye ko yongeraho ko umuyobozi wumugani yari abungabunze cyane guhitamo abakinnyi. Benshi mubahanzi bamufotoye mugihe kinini. Kurugero, George Vicin, Victor Uralsky, Sergey Filippov na Nina Golshikoon bagaragaye mumashusho ye inshuro 10. Kandi Gaidai yakundaga gukorana na Natalia Krachkovskaya, Alexander Demyanenko na Leonid ukuvlev.
Kandi, ibisobanuro byamenyekanye byikirere byabaye indirimbo zakoze inyuguti za Cartoon. Isoni Ishimire Kugaragara Muri Filimes Gaidai yabaye "Indirimbo Yerekeranye na Zaitsev", Intwari Zirimba Yuri Nikulina "muri Diyama ukuboko" muri Royal PYR, " Kanda inyuma y'idubu yerekeye isi Axis ", iririmba imico nyamukuru ya" imbohe ya Caucase, cyangwa ibintu bishya bya Shurik ".
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Hamwe nuwo mwashakanye, Umukinnyi wa Nina Golshchik, Leonid Gaidai yahuye na VGIKA - Umukobwa yari umunyeshuri bigana. Bashyingiwe mu 1953 kandi babana imyaka 40. Nkuko, Umuyobozi yababajwe nuko uwo mwashakanye yanze kumutwara kumugaragaro izina rye, ariko Golshkova yasobanuye ko yanze kuba yarahagaze neza - umugabo cyangwa umugore wihishe munsi yizina Gaidai, no kubakinnyi ni ngombwa.
Umukobwa w'umukobwa wa Oksana yavukiye mu muryango, nyuma ya Leoniughper Olga wa Leonid na Nina.
Urupfu
Imyaka ya nyuma Leonid Gaidai yarishaga. Yari afite igikomere kidakira ku kuguru, hanyuma kubera abarijwe no kunywa itabi byatangiye guhungabanya agace k'ubuhumekero. Mu 1993, umuyobozi yararwaye atwika ibihaha, yinjira mu bitaro, aho yapfiriye avuye kuri Tromboembolism yimisozi mibi. Yashyinguwe ku irimbi rya Kugenvsky i Moscou.
Kwibuka umurongo wa Leonid mu mujyi yavukiyemo w'Umuyobozi wa Amur ya Amur yubusa yasubijwe izina rye, ndetse ni urwibutso rw'umuyobozi. Izina Ncamaga ryahawe sinema nini ya Irkutsk, kandi icyapa cyiza cyo kwibuka giherereye murugo umuyobozi wa firime yakuze. Nanone, imbaho z'urwibutso zigaragara ku ishuri, aho umuyobozi wa firime yize, ku nyubako y'ishuri No 49, aho mu 1943-1944 umuyobozi wavuzwe mu bitaro muri iri shuri mu gihe cy'Intambara, ndetse no mu rugo nimero 5, Corps 1 muri Moscou Street Chernyakhovsky, aho Leonid Gaidai yabayeho nyuma yo kwimukira i Moscou.
Mu mwaka wa 2010, urwibutso rwa Leonid, urwibutso rwa Leonid yagaragaye muri Perm - ibihimbano bya Sirukiyanzo "Brutal, Bible na CYIZA", bigizwe n'intwari eshatu z'Umuyobozi wa Filime, ugizwe n'intwari eshatu z'Umuyobozi wa Filime, ugizwe n'intwari eshatu z'Umuyobozi wa Filime, ugizwe na ELLIST MU MUBARA, washyizwe imbere ya Firtal cinema. Intwari eshatu zayongomerwa zishingiye ku iterambere ryuzuye, zigenda, nta kubiri, guhuza imbaga iyo abantu bazenguruka sinema.
Nyuma yimyaka 2, ibigize nkibi byafunguwe muri Irkutsk. Ariko hano, usibye ku Butatu buzwi, Leonid Gaidai ubwe yitabiriye intebe ya Umuyobozi.
Ntiwubatse ku migani ya firime ya Sovieti no i Moscou - imwe mu karubanda mu mujyi wa Mosefilm yitwa Leonid Gaiday.
Filmography
- 1961 - "Barbos y'imbwa n'umusaraba udasanzwe"
- 1965 - "Igikorwa" s "nibindi bitekerezo bya Shurik"
- 1966 - "Imbohe ya Caucase, cyangwa ibintu bishya bya Shurik"
- 1968 - "ikiganza cya diyama"
- 1971 - "Intebe 12"
- 1973 - "Ivan Vasilyevich ni Guhindura Umwuga"
- 1975 - "Ntushobora!"
- 1982 - "Sportloto-82"
- 1989 - "Umupolisi wihariye, cyangwa imikorere" ubufatanye "
- 1992 - "Kuri Deribbovskaya, Ikirere cyiza, cyangwa kuri Brighton Beach yongeye kuza imvura"