Ubuzima
Mikhail Bulgakov ni umwanditsi w'Uburusiya na Plawewright, Umwanditsi w'imirimo myinshi muri iki gihe ifatwa nk'icyatsi cy'ubuvanganzo bw'Ubuvanganzo. Birahagije kuvuga ibitabo nk'ibi nk '"Umwigisha na Margarita", "umuzamu wera" n'umugani wa "Shigsi", "umutima w'imbwa". " Ibitabo byinshi kandi bikina Bulgakov byahujwe.Mu bwana n'urubyiruko
Mikhail yavukiye i Kiev mu muryango wa Porofeseri-Bogosla Athanasius Ivanovich n'umugore we Varvara Mikhailovna, yakoraga uburere bw'abana barindwi. Misha yari umwana w'imfura cyane kandi, niba bishoboka, yafashije ababyeyi gucunga ubukungu. Kuva mu bana basigaye ba Bulgakov, Nikolai yakiriye, wabaye umuhanga mu binyabuzima, uzwi cyane ku butegetsi nk'umucuramu wa Umuhanzi Balala, kandi Barbar, wabaye prototype ya Elena Turbine mu gitabo cyera cyera.
Nyuma yo guhabwa impamyabumenyi ya Gymnasium, Mikhail Bulgakov yinjiye muri kaminuza mu Ishami ry'ubuvuzi. Guhitamo kwe kwahujwe gusa no kwifuza kwa Mercantile - ibice byombi byumwanditsi kaza kari abaganga kandi binjizwa neza. Ku muhungu wakuze mu muryango mugari, iri naance ryari ingenzi.
Mu Ntambara ya Kabiri y'Isi Yose, Mikhail Afanasyevich yakoraga muri zone y'imbere nka muganga, nyuma yo muganga, nyuma y'umuganga we muri Vyazma, nyuma - muri Venereologiste. Mu ntangiriro z'imyaka 20, yimukiye i Moscou agatangira ibikorwa by'ubuvanganzo, mbere nka fagothonist, nyuma - nk'umuyobozi wa MIPEWRIPORT na The Teatric na Mattrict n'umuyobozi wa Mkat na Theatre yo hagati y'urubyiruko rukora.
Ibitabo
Igitabo cya mbere cyasohotse Mikhail Bulgakov cyari inkuru ya "Chichikov Ibyabaye", byanditswe muburyo bwo kubara. Byakurikiwe na Autobiographical "inoti kuri cuffs", ikinamico "ya deviliadi" hamwe n'umurimo wa mbere ukomeye w'umwanditsi - igitabo "umurinzi" cyera ". Igitangaje ni uko Bullgakovikeli ya mbere y'Abaroma yanenzwe ku mpande zose: Senshima yaho yamwitaga umukomunisiti urwanya, kandi itangazamakuru ryamahanga ryarasubije cyane kubera ubudahemuka ku mbaraga z'Abasoviyeti gusa.
Mikhail Afasasivich yabwiye Mikhail Afanasye ibyerekeye ibikorwa bye byo kwivuza mu cyegeranyo cy'urugero rw'umuganga ukiri muto, ugisomwa n'inyungu nyinshi. Cyane cyane inkuru ya "morphy". Nubuvuzi, ibicuruzwa byinshi bizwi cyane byumwanditsi birahujwe - "umutima wimbwa", nubwo mubyukuri ari ukuri kuri bilgakog yagezweho. Noneho inkuru nziza "amagi yabyibushye" naryo yanditse.
Mu 1930, Mikhail Afanasyevich yaretse guca icapiro. Kurugero, "umutima wimbwa" wasohowe bwa mbere mu 1987 gusa, "ubuzima bwa Bwana DE MILILAN" na "Theatre Roma" - mu 1965. N'igitabo gikomeye kandi kidasanzwe cyane "shobuja na Margarita", inzoga zanditse kuva mu 1929 kugeza ku rupfu, zabanje kubona urumuri mu mpera za 60 kandi ko - mu buryo bw'amenyo.
Muri Werurwe 1930, umwanditsi wabuze ubutaka munsi y'ibirenge bye yoherereza guverinoma ibaruwa, aho asabye gukemura iki kibazo - cyangwa gukemurira kwimuka, cyangwa gutanga amahirwe yo gukora. Kubera iyo mpamvu, Iosif Stalin yamwitanye ku giti cye avuga ko azemererwa gushira ibice. Ariko gutangaza ibitabo bya Bulgakov mubuzima bwe ntibyarushijeho kuba.
Ikinamico
Tugarutse mu 1925, ikinamico ya Mikhail Bulgakov yashyizwe ku cyiciro cya Theaters Theatre - "Iminsi ya Zoyikina", "Iminsi ya Turbina" ku kimenyetso "izamu", "ikirwa cya pararon". Umwaka umwe, Minisiteri yashakaga kubuza umusaruro wa "Iminsi ya Turbine" nk '"igishishwa cyo kurwanya ubukana", ariko byafashwe icyemezo cyo kutabikora, kubera ko imikorere yakunze cyane Stalin, wamusuye inshuro 14.
Bidatinze, ikinamico ya Bulgakovi yari akirimburwa mu ntambara yo mu mikino yose yigihugu kandi mu 1930 gusa, nyuma yo gutabara ku giti cye, Mikhail Afanasyevich yagaruwe nk'umuyobozi w'ikinamico.
Ashyira "roho" na Dickens "Papibick", ariko ikinamico cy'umwanditsi "Alexander", "Abatsinze", "Blinds". "
Ibidasanzwe gusa byari ikinamico "Kabala Svvetosh", cyatanzwe nigitabo cya Bulgakov "cya Moliere" mu 1936 nyuma yimyaka itanu nyuma yo gutsindwaga nimyaka itanu. Premiere yanyuze hamwe n'intsinzi nini, ariko akaya yashoboye gutanga ibitaramo 7 gusa, nyuma yo gukina byari bibujijwe. Nyuma yibyo, Mikhail Afanasyevich yirukanwe muri theatre kandi mugihe kizaza yinjije imibereho nkumusemuzi.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Umugore wa mbere w'umwanditsi Ukomeye yari Tatyana Lapta. Ubukwe bwabo bwari burenze abakene - umugeni ntabwo yari afite na fata, kandi icyo gihe bari biyoroshya. By the way, ni Tatyana wabaye Prototype kuri Anna Kirillovna avuye mu nkuru ya "Morphy".
Mu 1925, Bulgakov yahuye n'urukundo rwa Bolarskaya, akomoka ku bwoko bwa kera. Yakundaga ibitabo kandi yumvise neza Mikhail Afanasyevich nk'Umuremyi. Umwanditsi yahise anana lappe kandi arongora Bearirskaya.
Kandi mu 1932, yahuye na Elena Sergeevna Shilovskaya, Nee Nuremberg. Umugabo atera uwo bashakanye wa kabiri ayoboye icya gatatu ku ikamba. By the way, Elena yakuwe mu gitabo kizwi cyane mu ishusho ya Margarita. Hamwe n'umugore wa gatatu, Bulgakov yabayeho mbere yuko ubuzima bwe burangira, kandi ni we washyize imbaraga za Titanic kugira ngo umurimo w'umuntu wakundaga. Abana ba Mikhail bavutse bafite umugore we.
Hariho ibintu bishimishije-imiterere yamayobera hamwe nuwo mwashakanye wa Bulgakov. Umwe wese muri bo yari afite ubukwe butatu, nk'uko we ubwe. Byongeye kandi, ku mugore wa mbere, Tatiana Mikhail niwe mu bashakanye ba mbere, ku rukundo rwa kabiri - uwa kabiri, naho Elena ya gatatu, igice. Amayobera rero kuri Bulgakovi ntabwo ahari mubitabo gusa, ahubwo no mubuzima.
Urupfu
Mu 1939, umwanditsi yakoraga ku kindi "Batum" yerekeye Joseph Stalin, yizeye ko umurimo nk'uwo utazabuzwabuzwa. Ikinamico cyari kimaze kwitegura guterera mugihe kimenyetso cyaje guhagarika imyitozo. Nyuma y'ibyo, Bulgakov yatangiye ubuzima bwe cyane - atangira kwibagirwa, yigira indwara y'impyiko.
Mikhail Afanasyevich yasubiye mu gukoresha Morphine kugirango akureho ibimenyetso byububabare. Kuva mu itumba ryo mu 1940, umukinyi wo mukipe yahagaritse kuva mu buriri, maze ku ya 10 Werurwe, umwanditsi ukomeye ntiyabikoze. Mikhail Bulgakov yashyinguwe ku irimbi rya Novodevichy, no mu mva ye hagamijwe kuba uwo bashakanye, hashyizweho amabuye, yashyizwe mu mva ya Nikolai Gogol.
Bibliografiya
- 1922 - "Chichikov adventure"
- 1923 - "ICYITONDERWA CY'URUGANDIKO"
- 1923 - "Deviliad"
- 1923 - "Inyandiko kuri Cuffs"
- 1924 - "Umurinzi wera"
- 1924 - "Amagi yabyibushye"
- 1925 - "Umutima w'imbwa"
- 1925 - Ingoro ya Zoykina
- 1928 - "Iruka"
- 1929 - "Inshuti Yihishwa"
- 1929 - "Kabala Svvebwosh"
- 1929-1940 - "Mwigisha na Margarita"
- 1933 - "Ubuzima bwa Bwana De Moliere"
- 1936 - "Ivan Vasilyevich"
- 1937 - "Theatre Roman"