Ubuzima
Valery Crakalov ni inkingi yububiko bw'inkingi z'Abasoviyeti, intwari ya Leta Zunze Ubumwe z'Abasoviyeti, yatumye indege ya mbere idahwitse binyuze mu giti cyamajyaruguru.
Yavutse mu 1904 mu mudugudu wa Vasilevo, iherereye mu ntara ya Nizhny Novgorod. Igishimishije, ubu aha hantu have ntabwo yabayeho gusa, ahubwo ni izina rishya mu rwego rwo kubaha umusaruro ukomeye.
Ababyeyi ba Valera bari boroshye. Pavel Pavel Grigorievich yakoraga nka kotelcher muri Sshinyard, naho Mama Irina Ivanovna yishora murugo. Kubwamahirwe, yapfuye igihe umuhungu we yari afite imyaka 6. Bidatinze, umuhungu atangira kwiga ku ishuri.
Amasomo ya Ckalov ntabwo yerekanye inyungu nyinshi, ariko uko byakabaye kuva muminsi yambere habaye impano yimibare, kimwe no kwibuka ubuziranenge, yemerera gufata mu mutwe amakuru menshi yumvise mubyukuri inkombe. Nyuma y'igisabwa kirindwi, Valery yagiye mu ishuri rya tekiniki ya CherePeti, ariko ntibyashobokaga kurangiza ingimbi. Kubera kubura imari, ishuri ryarasenyutse.
Umusore asubira kwa se atangira gukora kuri fireki kuri parike. Ntawe uzi uko iherezo ry'intwari y'iki gihe rw'ejo hazaza h'ubumwe bw'Abasoviyeti bwari gutangira iyo mu 1919 atabonye indege n'amaso ye.
Mu mutwe wa Chralov, nkaho hari ikintu cyakanze, atangira kurota guhuza ubuzima bwe nindege. Ku myaka 15, kubera ko yabaye ku buryo yinjiye mu rwego rw'ingabo zitukura, yabaye umunyeshuri w'ifumbith ku ruganda rushinzwe indege za gisirikare.
Nyuma, umusore yiganye byinshi mubigo byingabo zirwanira mu kirere. Yanyuze mu ishuri rya gisirikare rya Potoryyevsky, ubwo ishuri ry'indege rya gisirikare rya Boristksk ryabaripilote, ishuri ry'indege rya Moscou, amaherezo riva mu ishuri ryindege rikuru ry'abashinzwe irashiha, igisasu n'intambara. Mugihe cyamahugurwa ya Chkalov yahungiye mubuhanga bwubwoko butandukanye kandi yakiriye impamyabumenyi yumuderevu wintambara.
Umuderevu
Ibikorwa bye byumwuga byatangiye mu 1924. Yoherejwe muri squadron indege kuri Leningrad. Twabibutsa ko Chralov yahoraga atandukanye gusa nubutwari, ahubwo no mu gutinyuka. Yakunze gukora ingendo ziteye akaga, aho yakuye inshuro nyinshi gukira abayobozi ndetse yahamijwe n'icyaha cyo guhumeka maze akatirwa igifungo.
Hariho umugani, ariko, ntukeneye inyandiko zerekana ko Valery Chkalov yazingurutse impaka munsi yikiraro cyubutatu i Leningrad. Ariko ibyingenzi byagezweho numuderevu byari ibigeragezo byabavoka udushya twinganda zindege.
Kurugero, umuderevu yari inyuma yimodoka iyobora indege ya mbere yo murugo kandi yitwaje indege eshanu zirwana kumababa na fuselage. Kubwumurimo we, yari kuri par hamwe nabashushanya indege kugirango bakire ibihembo byinshi bya leta, harimo gahunda ya Vladimir Lenin na Inyenyeri itukura.
Feat
Mu 1935, Valery Chralov, hamwe na bagenzi be, George Baidogue na Alexandere Belyakov, basanze indege bava muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe z'Abasoviyeti bava muri Amerika banyuze muri Amerika binyuze muri Pole y'Amajyaruguru. Ariko umutwe wa Leta Joseph Stalin yabujije uyu mushinga, asimbuza inzira i Moscou - Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky.
Iyi nyandiko muri kiriya gihe indege yakozwe nitsinda ryavuzwe haruguru nta kibazo. Uburebure bw'abitwa "Inzira ya Stalin" yari kilometero zirenga 9.
Kuri iyi feat, abaderevu bahawe umutwe w'intwari z'Abasoviyeti, na Ckalov, nk'umuyobozi w'indege, bakundwaga n'abaturage b'igihugu. Yaturutse muri guverinoma yahawe indege z'umuntu ku giti cye U-2.
Ku byamamare, Valery Pavlovich yongeye guhura na bo kugirango ahindukire kuri Stalin hamwe n'icyifuzo cyambere kandi iki gihe cyabonye ibyiza.
Ku ya 18 Kamena 1937, Chkalov yagurutse hamwe na bagenzi be i Moscou, kandi nubwo ibintu bibi byo kugaragara, bashoboye kugera mu mujyi wa Vancouver ku gihe, Washington. Indege unyuze mu majyaruguru yahindutse Ckalov mu ntwari ya rubanda, umugani muzima.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Ku myaka 23, yitwaje serivisi i Leningrad, Valery Chralov yashakanye na Olga Orekhova, kubwumwuga yari umwarimu wishuri. Muri uyu muryango, umuhungu wa IGOR yavutse, wagiye mu kirenge cya se, yabaye umuderevu wa gisirikare akagera ku mutwe wa koloneli. By the way, n'uwo mwashakanye, kandi umuhungu yanditse ingingo nyinshi n'ibitabo byinshi bijyanye na mwene wabo ukomeye.
Ckalov yari afite kandi abakobwa babiri - Valeriya na Olga. Byongeye kandi, umubyeyi muto Olya ntiyigeze abona, kuko yavutse akimara amezi make nyuma y'urupfu rwe.
Valery Pavlovich yari umwanditsi wibitabo byinshi yasobanuye ibitekerezo bye byindege. Agaciro cyane mu mateka kandi uzi ubwenge ni "hejuru y'isi. Inkuru za Petchik "na" Transarpolar yacu Moscou - Pole y'Amajyaruguru - Amerika y'Amajyaruguru. "
Urupfu
Mu mpera z'izuba ryo mu 1938, Valery Chralov yari mukiruhuko gikwiye, aho yacitse intege mu buryo butunguranye. Ibizamini bidateganijwe kandi byihutirwa byingenzi bya Fighter-Seventy "I-180" byashyizweho. Indege yikizamini yateguraga kwihuta cyane, hamwe no kurenga ku ngamba hafi ya yose y'umutekano. Mubisanzwe biri munsi yipimisha ikibabaje mu ndege, hagaragaye inenge zingana 190 zagaragaye.
Itezimbere yigice yanditse hejuru hamwe nigitero cyo kwigaragambya ku ndege. Ariko ibizamini byashyizweho ku ya 15 Ukuboza 1938, kandi ntibahagaritswe nubwo nubwo ubushyuhe buke cyane.
Kugenda ntibyari bibi, ariko iyo indege iherereye kugwa, moteri yahagaze mu buryo butunguranye. Umugani wo gutanga umugani aracyashoboye gushyira imodoka ahabikuye mu mazu. Ariko mugihe cyanyuma indege yirukanye insinga z'amashanyarazi, kandi umuderevu akubita umutwe kubyerekeye ibyuma.
Valery Cralov wo mu gikomere yakiriwe mu masaha abiri mu bitaro bya botkin. Nyuma y'urupfu rwe, abayobozi benshi b'igihingwa cy'indege barafashwe barahamwa n'icyaha, bashinjwaga kugira uruhare mu rupfu rutaziguye mu rupfu rw'umuderevu.
Nubwo bimeze bityo ariko, abantu benshi, barimo uwo bashakanye nabana bakuru, bagiye batera imbere ubundi buryo bwurupfu rwumukunzi wabo.
Ikibazo gityaye cya Valery Pavlovich ukomoka mu biruhuko, kwihuta no kugenda, igitutu cya guverinoma - ibyo byose byateje impungenge zo kugira uruhare mu rupfu rw'abantu baturutse muri NKVD, kandi wenda ku giti cye, muri Belin na Lavrentia Beriya.
Abagize Guverinoma bashobora gutinywa, kandi ntibafite impamvu yo kuba abaturage b'Abasoviyeti, umuderevu ukomeye uzahinduka umuntu w'ingenzi kuruta abo ubwabo.
Kwibuka Valeria Crankolov yashyizeho inzibutso nyinshi n'inzibutso, izina rye ryitwa imigi n'imihanda. Kandi, byanze bikunze, umugani wa firime zindege zo murugo. Benshi muribo bakundwa nabari aho, ariko ntabwo abantu bose bemejwe numuryango.
Kurugero, urukurikirane rwa tereviziyo rwa nyuma "Chkalov", aho umukinnyi wa mbere wa Margeny Dyatlov yatsinze uruhara n'abakobwa b'intwari y'ubumwe bw'inzego z'Abasoviyeti, bashinjwaga abaremwe w'inzego z'ubumwe bw'imiryango.