Amateka y'inyuguti
Nta mugabo utarigeze yumva umuntu uguruka mu mbwanwa ritukura n'ikositimu yubururu, hagati yicyo kiganiro muburyo bwingabo pantagonal hamwe ninyuguti "s".
Abantu bake barabizi kugeza mu 1938, Superheroes, gutunga imbaraga za kimuntu no guhangana nabagometse kwisi yose, ntibabayeho. Abakunda ibitabo hamwe na kinomans bashishikaye barashobora kwishimira usibye ko ibikorwa by'Umuyobozi w'ishyamba bitera Robin Hob hood cyangwa ubutwari bw'agatsiko k'icyubahiro muri Mask y'umukara - Zorro.
Ariko igihe kiragenda, abantu basaba intwari nshya - igitangaza kandi cy'ishoborabyose, bakeneye gukora ibitangaza buri munsi bafite ibitangaza: Kiza umukobwa uko bagambanyi, agaragaza umugambi wa gariyamo gari ya moshi, ndetse n'ubushyuhe bwisi.
Amateka
Ubuzima bwemewe bwa Superman ntabwo, kubera ko amateka yuyu mugabo wumubiri wahindutse mugihe, guhera mu "m'igihe cya zahabu" kugeza igihe cyamakuru yamakuru.
Ariko bizera ko umuhungu yavukiye ku isi ya CRYPON, maze ahabwa izina rya Kali-el (izina ry'isi - Clark Joseph Kent). Ababyeyi b'intwari b'Ikiza, ni ko igihugu cyabo kiri hafi yo kurimbuka, nuko batera umuhungu ku kibanza nohereza ku isi.
Uwa mbere yatekerezaga kuzana ubumenyi - burya muburyo bw'intwari kuri iyi si ni Umunyamerika Commuphreen-Amerika Commup Joseph "Joe" n'umugenzi we-Mukanura Jerry Sigel. GraRrades yakoraga mu ntoki mu kinyamakuru kizwi "ibihimbano bya siyansi", hanyuma afata ikaramu n'impapuro, ahimba ishusho y'imiterere y'ibidukikije.
Priests Abahanzi ba Superman bagaragaje ko batsinzwe cyane. Ku gishushanyo cya Yozefu na Jerry, umuntu wogosha ntabwo yicishije uruhare rushimishije cyane afite urusaku rubi mu maso hawe n'amaso ya maniac. Iyi eccentric umuvandimwe wa Eccentric-telepomati, isa na fantôsing numubare wa gatatu wibihimbano bya siyansi (1933), ntabwo byazanye intsinzi yubucuruzi kubatonwa.
Kubwibyo, bazanye superman nshya, bawumviyeho imico myiza: Sigel yakuyeho Protagonist, amuha isura yumukinnyi wabanyamerika Douglas, na Alter-Egoman Kent - Umuhanzi yaremye abifashijwemo Ihuriro ubwawe nishusho ya perdiya ya Harold Lloyd. Noneho ubucuruzi bwabanditsi yagumye kuba bato: gushaka umubwiriza. Ariko, izo mpandesha zirambuye imyaka itandatu.
Amaherezo, FORUNTA YATANZWE MU NZIRA ZIKURIKIRA, KANDI MU GIHUGU CY'IGIHUGU CYA COISIRING, Byemewe Gusohora Urupapuro 48 Umukara n'umweru Dan Icyitwa "Umupolisi 48. Jerry na Yozefu bakiriye ishyaka rishishikaye, ariko bahuriza hamwe ntibazongera gucapura imirimo yabo, kandi bashonga imitima yohereje igitabo cye cy'ibumba ry'itanura.
Kubwibyo, abafana ba DC barashobora kunyurwa nigifuniko cyakozwe gusa sigel yashoboye gukiza. Byongeye kandi, рдde kubera kutumvikana kwakozwe kandi nongeye guhurira. Amaherezo, bazanye umurwanyi w'ubutabera kandi kuri iki cyiciro batangiye gutsimbataza ikirego cyagombaga kuba cyiza kandi kidashoboka; Kandi "ipantaro hejuru yipantaro" zakuwe mumigenzo ya cussi.
Kugaragara kwa mbere kwa superman nkuko twabimenyereye byabaye ku ya 18 Mata 1938 mu kibazo cya mbere "ibikorwa bisekeje", kandi nyuma yumwaka, urukurikirane rwa Superman rwatangijwe kandi rugurishwa kandi rugurishwa na comics.
Nk'uko abafana bavuga ko urupfu rwa se rwasunitse Jerry kugira ngo rurebe umurinzi w'itegeko. Mitchell Sigel yari muri banki igihe itsinda ry'intwaro z'abagizi ba nabi binjiye mu nyubako. Itsinda ryababyeyi ryiteka ryapfuye mumaboko yabambuzi mu 1932. Kubwibyo, ntabwo bitangaje kuba mubitekerezo byumuhanzi byagaragaye hejuru yamasasu, ashoboye guhangana nabajura bonyine.
Ishusho
Umwana wa Cal-el asohoka ku isi iruhande rwa Longville, umuhungu yemeye umuryango w'intangarugero. Jonathan na Marita Kent bagerageje gukora umuntu wiyubashye umuhungu kandi arera umusore we ubumuntu hakurikijwe amategeko akomeye.
Kubwibyo, iyo umusore wimyaka 18 yamenye inkuru akomokamo, yatangiye gukoresha imbaraga zo kurwanya ikibi. Abafana bizeraga ko niba Yonatani na Marita batafashe agaciro kuri bose, birashoboka ko yaba ahinduka antagonist agerageza gutsinda ubutegetsi bw'isi.
Kuba umuntu mukuru, Cal-el yemeye icyemezo gihamye cyo gukorera ikiremwamuntu no gufunga imyaka itari mike mu gihome cyo kwigunga - ubuhungiro bwa barafu, butaba kure y'ishuri rigufi (kugira ngo amenye amasomo magufi (kugira ngo amenye amasomo magufi y'ishuri muri Clorkn). Kumenya ibibera ku isi, kandi ube mubintu byinshi, Clark Kent yakemuye umunyamakuru usanzwe kuri planet ya buri munsi ya buri munsi iherereye muri Metropolis.
Umunyamakuru w'ikinyamakuru agaragara imbere y'abari aho bari mu ishusho y '"umurinzi wera" - inkumi yo kwambara umubano, umusatsi hamwe na vaggles mu mubyimba. Ariko ikikije iyo munsi yiki cyambaro gisanzwe, imyambarire yubuntu yihishe: Nubwo yaba afite inama yingenzi, ingingo yihutirwa cyangwa itariki yumukobwa Lois Lane (ntabwo afite agaciro Urujijo numugore-umugore wa Diana).
Ba uko bishoboka, mu ntangiriro, ScUster na Sigel na Sigel bahaye intwari nk'imico nk'ubugome, kandi kandi yarokoye abagore be mu bashakanye b'ikirere, kandi bakisezeranya abashakanye batitaweho, bayoboye ukuboko -Guyobora.
Ariko nyuma yaho, Yozefu na Jerry bakorewe mu "muhungu w'icumbi - Abaskuti" bafite intego mbonezamubano, bangamira imico ye ikabije. Nanone, imiterere ya Superman yahindutse mu myaka yashize, nk'urugero, mugihe kinini, imico nyamukuru yakoze nk'umuhanga mu mibereho: uhanganye n'abakinnyi n'abacuruzi bashishikajwe no kunguka.
Imbaraga
Dukurikije ibihuha, superman yahawe ubushobozi bwa Ihuman ashimira ingaruka za fonecucle: Ikigaragara ni uko umuriro witwa izuba rikora muburyo bwihariye kuri Clorkton. Muri Epoki w'ikinyejana cya "Ikinyejana cya Zahabu", igitekerezo cyumvikanye gutya: imbaraga z'uburemere kuri Clofpton inshuro nyinshi zarenze gukurura isi.
Ariko imico ya Clark Kent, kimwe nibindi byose, byahinduwe mugihe runaka. Niba superman mbere yashoboraga kurera imodoka ukoresheje ukuboko kumwe, ubu ishusho yintwari hamwe nu munwa wubushake wuzuzwa nubushobozi bwo kwimura umubumbe mumwanya.
Mu kurekura bwa mbere, byavuzwe ko Superhero yashoboraga kuba igikomere gusa kuri artillerie. Mu mashuri yakurikiyeho, abatwara ibinyabiziga byateje imbere ubushobozi bwumubiri bwintwari, bigatuma umubiri we urwaye: mu 1947, Protagonist yarokotse igisasu cya atomic. Nanone, Clark ntabwo yamenye kuguruka, mu ngero za mbere, yashoboraga gusimbuka burundu hejuru.
KAL-ELA iratera imbere cyane, kandi bimwe mu bushobozi bwe bwigaragarira rimwe gusa: gushaka bakundanye n'umunuko w'impumuro y'imyuka, Kent yagombaga gushiramo super-conjunction. Byongeye kandi, superman arashoboye kuvugurura ibikomere byose (ingaruka zongerewe urumuri rwumuhondo), ifite icyerekezo cya x-ray, kirashobora kuguruka kumucyo kandi ntibikeneye ogisijeni.
Mubuzima bwa buri munsi, superman arashoboye gukora nta mazi, ibiryo n'ibitotsi, ariko akoresha iy'abantu bakeneye impamvu zo mu mutwe. Birakwiye kuvuga ko Superman afite intege nke. Ntishobora kuvugurura ingingo zaciwe, zikabatswe nubumaji nibice bya radioft bihine - ClorPonte.
Film
Abayobozi ba Emenion ntibashobora kunyura kuri Superman, nuko barwaye abahanzi kuri ecran ya televiziyo, batanga filime ibintu bidasanzwe. Filime Superman iri hejuru ya makumyabiri, bityo tuzagaragaza akazi kakunzwe.
"Umuntu wa Atomic kurwanya Superman" (1950)
Nyuma yo mu 1948, urukurikirane rwirabura "Superman" rwasohotse, icyerekezo cyakomeje ibintu bya firime nyinshi mu gutanga kaseti y'uburebure. Umugambi wa gushushanya uzenguruka guhangana na Clark Kent na Umucuruzi wa AMarall Lex Umuguzi, ugerageza kwigarurira igiceri gitangaje. Uruhare nyamukuru rwumutego wumutsima rwagiye i Kirk Elina.
"Superman n'Umucuruzi" (1951)
Mu 1951, ikositimu y'ubururu n'inkoko zitukura zagerageje ku mukinnyi George Rivz, urwanira kuri kaseti "Superman n'umucuruzi." Kuri iyi shusho, Clark Ken akora ideni rye maze ava mumujyi uturanye kugirango afungure amavuta neza.
Ariko abakozi batwaye ubutaka cyane, kubera ibyo bahuye nabyo ubuhungiro bwa "Moles", yatangiye gutera ubwoba isi ija gutembera kuruhu. Birashimishije kubona iyi filime rwose "kuva no" gukurwaho ukurikije urwenya rwambere.
"Superman" (1978)
Mu 1978, inyenyeri nshya yatwitse ku kirere cya cinema: Inyenyeri ikurikira Christopher riv yahise aba "superman nziza" kuri ecran ya ecran ku ya ecran, kuko yari afite uburyo abafana bahuza isura yabavuka rya Creanton .
Filime yerekana ko bareba ubuzima bwa kera bw'umurwanyi ufite ubugizi bwa nabi, kuva mu rugendo rwe ku nkombe z'isi. Inshingano nyamukuru zarasohoye: Marlon Brando, Jean Acmen, Trevor Howard na Sara Douglas. Birashimishije kubona ko Christopher riv yakinnye mu bice bikurikira bya Francise, kandi nyuma yimyaka 26 umuyobozi wa Umuyobozi "Superman-2" (1980) yasohotse.
"Kugaruka kwa superman" (2006)
Mu 2006, umukinnyi Brandon Rusi yagerageje gutura hamwe n'abagome. Filime yamashanyarazi ni ugukomeza urukurikirane rwumwimerere rwibice bibiri byabanjirije: Lex Luthor (Kevin Spagy) arimo kwishimira ko ntahamwaza byahiye bya superman kandi bitegura imigambi mishya, ariko nitegura ibyaha bya SUPERMAN kandi bitegura imigambi mibisha yumukunzi udafite umutima.
"Batman kurwanya Superman: Mu museke w'ubutabera" (2016)
Umuyobozi Zack Snyder yishimiye ibyatsi bya Sinemes Eccentric: Gohama mukuru Fathama yarwanyije Umwana w'Imana nk'Ubuyobozi bw'Imana muri Meropolis. Ariko mu gihe Batman na Superman bashishikarije intambara, umubumbe akabangamira akaga. Mu bigega byiza by'iyi filime birimo: Ben Affleck, Henry Kavill, Amy Adall, Yese Aisbenberg, Jesse Aiseberg, Rul Gadote n'izindi nyenyeri zo kwerekana ubucuruzi.
"Supergel" (Urukurikirane rwa tereviziyo, 2016)
Uru ruhererekane rwa tereviziyo ruzatanga abakunda sinema nziza cyane mu mavuko ya mwene wabo wa Superman, wageze ku butaka kugira ngo akurikirane mubyara ukiri muto. Ariko kubushake bwurubanza, imiterere nyamukuru (Melissa Tutoist) yageze muri zone ya fantom, aho yamaze imyaka 24 atabifata, kuko muri kariya gace ntagihe.
Noneho ko Clark yakuze adakeneye ubufasha, umukobwa atangira kubaka umwuga we bwite. Urukurikirane rwibukwa nababumva ntabwo ari umugambi utari muto, ahubwo no kumuziki ukina muri buri rukurikirane.
Urwenya nizindi nzego
Superman gusa afata ikibanza ca mbere mu ntwari ya Comic ya Universe DS, ahubwo yabaye maso bitabu mushungurabishushanyo, ibitabo, udukino two kuri videwo, filime bukoreshwa, ndengakamere film ndetse inkoni usosa.
Urwenya
- 1930-40E - "Superman, Nyampinga w'abakandamizwa"
- 1950E - "UMUYOBOZI N'INTAMBARA"
- 1960E - "Iminsi yanyuma ya Superman!"
- 1970E - "Superman na Muhammad Ali »
- 1980 - "Byagenze bite ku muntu w'ejo?"
- 1990 - "Ingoma y'abadasanzwe"
- 2000E - "All-Inyenyeri Superman"
Amakarito
- 1941 - "Superman"
- 1968 - "Amasaha Batman na Superman"
- 1973 - "SOLLORDERS"
- 1996 - "Batman na Superman"
- 2001 - "Umuryango w'ubutabera"
- 2009 - "Superman / Batman: Abanzi ba Sosiyete"
- 2014 - "Umuryango w'ubutabera: Intambara"
- 2015 - "Umuryango w'ubutabera: Imana n'abanyeko"
Imikino ya Video
- 1994 - 1995 "Urupfu no kugaruka kwa Superman"
- 2006 - "Intwari z'Ubutabera"
- 2008 - "Live Coobat na DC KINGINA »
- 2011 - 2016 "Isi yose DC Kumurongo"
Ibintu bishimishije
- Superman - Intwari yigihugu ya Amerika hamwe nubukundane nyabyo. Clark Kent yari umwanzi w'Abanazi: We wenyine yakuyeho imashini ya gisirikare mu ntambara ya kabiri y'isi yose kandi ikorera Adolf Hitler. Dukurikije ibihuha, abahagarariye bo muri bo bo muri bo bo muri Reich bamaze kumvikana kuri iyi comic kandi basohora kurohama ku rupapuro rw'ikinyamakuru cyo mu Budage.
- Ibaruwa "s" ku gituza cya superhero ntabwo "ikoti yintwaro" ya superman. Iherezo ryasobanuye ko iki kimenyetso muri cryptonian bisobanura ibyiringiro.
- Abaremye bazanye inkuru nyinshi zidasanzwe: kurugero, muri kimwe mu birekura igitabo cyerekanwe, amashusho asobanura ko isaha ya Cortenite itera umuntu mu gihugu kitari gito. Nibyo, byari bike gusa nurukundo rwa romantique na Jimmy Olsen.
- Umuzi w'Abarusiya wa Chukovsky wanenzwe muri Pooh n'umukungugu wa comics kuri superhero, wasuzumye "uburozi bw'Abanyamerika Fashison". Umuturage yavuze ko ibyo binyamakuru bifite amashusho biteza imbere ibyaha no hejuru yimbaraga zumubiri kurenza ubwenge.
- Inyenyeri ya Filime "Sinbatik" - Cage ya Nicholas ni abafana bashishikaye umurwanyi wubwisanzure mu mwenda utukura. Umukinnyi afite icyegeranyo cyuruhererekane rwumwimerere rwisetsa, kimwe nibidafite ibibazo bishya byibishushanyo mbonera. Mubindi bintu, akazu gaha umuhungu muto superhero Izina - Kal-el.