Amateka y'inyuguti
"Databuja na Margarita" - Igitabo cya Mikhail Bullegakov, ushimisha abasomyi kuva mu 1967. Abakunzi bakuze b'umwanditsi w'amayobera wongeye gusoma iyi gitabo, buri gihe bavumbuye aho bashya bakorera mu rwego rwo gukurikirana ubutumwa bwa Medira n'amasasu: induru na korovie. Mikhail Afanasyevich yashoboye gukora amashusho atangaje atekereza:"Noneho ni ibiki bigize imbaraga ahora ashaka ibibi kandi buri gihe aha inyungu?".Amateka na prototypes
Bulgakov yari nka umuganga kabuhariwe na prose numuntu wamayobera. Ubwonko bw'amayobera, butwikiriwe na biografiya y'umwanditsi, ntabwo aha amahoro n'abahanga bagerageza gukusanya amakuru yose hamwe. Kubwibyo, ikibazo ni igihe Mikhail Afanasyevich yazanye shobuja na Margarita, akomeza gufungura, ariko kunegura ubuvanganzo kwemera ko umushinga wibishushanyo byakozwe mu 1928-1929.
Byongeye kandi, muri Mikhail Afanasyevich inoti, nta murongo wurukundo wumwanditsi utagira izina mumaboko yumukara numugore watwaye indabyo "iteye ishozi". Mu ikubitiro, umuhanga watangiye kwibanda ku makuru yerekeye Sekibi: mu ikaye yihariye, impapuro zidasanzwe zabitswe kuva inkoranyamagambo, inyandiko za Mikhail Orlov n'ibice bivuye ku mirimo, bisobanura imbaraga zanduye.
Mu 1930, Bulgakov yakiriye Komite nkuru: Muri iyo baruwa yavuze ko ikinamico "Kabala Svyatosh" (1929) nticyabemererwa guhagararira ikinamico, bityo Mikhail Afanasyevich yajugunye inyandiko zerekeye Lusiferi mu ziko. Ariko, nkuko mubizi, "inyandiko zandikishijwe intoki ntabwo zaka," rero, cyane ibice byinshi, aribyo amakaye abiri yijimye hamwe nimpapuro zipfutsi, zarokotse.
Mu 1932, Mikhail Afanasyevich yongeye gusubira mu gitekerezo cye maze yicara ku kwandika igitabo, adakoresheje amagambo y'umwanditsi. Nibyo, bulgakov yishingikirije ku mugambi wa Bibiliya wa kera kandi yakoze satani hamwe na paki nubushotoranyi, mugihe muri verisiyo yanyuma yubururu ikora nkumuhamya nindorerezi. Mu 1940, ubuzima bwa Bulgakov butangira kwangirika cyane: indwara y'impyiko yavumbuwe mu mihanga y'ubuvanganzo.
Mikhail Afanasyevich yari umunyururu ku buriri, atsinda ububabare bukomeye, ategeka ko umugore we Elena Sergevna atandukanijwe nakazi: ku minsi ya Koroviev, urugendo rw'ibikoresho bya Lyarkiev n'iminsi itagira igicu ".
Umuroma yabonye umucyo mu 1966 gusa (67), umupfakazi w'umwanditsi yahinduye inyandiko y'imyaka igera kuri makumyabiri. Woland yabaye umwe mubantu banduye kandi bitazibagirana. Iyi ntwari idafite prototype yukuri, kuko ishusho ya mage yumukara irimo gukusanya. Umwanditsi ubwe yaravuze ati:
Ati: "Sinshaka guha impamvu abafana bashaka prototypes. Voland ntabwo afite prototypes. "Mikhail Bulgakov yitwaga Mesura nuwo bahanganyega mu mbaraga zo mwijuru - Satani. Nibura, ikigereranyo hamwe no kwerekana ikibi cyingenzi bisa nkaho abashakashatsi bagaragara. Byongeye kandi, umwanditsi yishingikirije ku bayabanjirije, umusizi w'Ubudage ya Johanna Guete, wabigaragaje iyi si ya "Faund": Mu bwana bwe i Kiev, mu bwana bwe i Kiev, Bulgakov, yishimiye kumva izina rimwe rya Charles Pider.
Mubyukuri, Liveland ifite uburyo bwo kwerekana umwuka mubi, usibye, yerekeza kuri iyi mico irahari mu gitabo cya 29 cya 29, ubwo umwarimu wubumaji yirabura yicaye ku gihanga kandi ategura Gutandukana na Moscou. Bityo, kimwe n'igishusho cya "Mefistofel", gikozwe muri Mark Antortka, kiravumbuwe. Nibyo, kandi Databuja mubitabo byambere yitwa igihe.
Plandwright Edward Radzinsky yabonye isano iri hagati yubu iki bwoga na Joseph Stalin, hamwe nabashakashatsi bamwe bahuza Messi hamwe nintumwa Petero hamwe nukuza kwa kabiri kwa Yesu Kristo. Mubindi bintu, amakamba yubuvanganzo ashishikajwe nubusobanuro bwa Sekibi. Ikigaragara ni uko muri Delifore ya Flianlore y'Abadage yise Balay, mu gihe muri Fausus, Mephistofel avuga interuro:
"Umunyacyubahiro w'Ubuveland!".Ishusho
Mikhail Bulgakov yasobanuye neza isura yijwi kuva kumpapuro zambere zurupapuro, bityo abasomyi ntibagira ikibazo cyo guhagararira ishusho yishusho yishusho yintwari yishusho yishusho yishusho yishusho yishusho yintwari. Hypnotiste yagaragaye mbere yo kugenzura ububiko bwibitabo hamwe na brunette ndende kandi neza-ifunze, hamwe numunwa (imfuruka ishushanyije hasi) hamwe nijisho ritandukanye: imwe hejuru yundi. Kubera iyo mpamvu, mvugishije isura ya Mesiya, umugabane wibitunguranye byakurikiranwe.
Amaso ya Sekibi na we yari atandukanye na mugenzi wawe: Ijisho ry'iburyo ryari rikiri, ubusa n'umukara, nkaho ryapfuye, undi yari icyatsi kibisi kandi kizima. Abafana ba Bulgakov bakeka ko "shobuja na Margarita" bifitanye isano nkaho bazabona gusa umukunzi ushishikaye.
Mubyukuri, mu isura y'uhagarariye uruhande rwiza - Yeshua Ga-nozri - urashobora kubona echo yo mu buveland, naho ubundi. Igihe inyeshyamba zagaragaye i Pilato Pilato Pilato, asa n'iki: Mu mfuruka y'umunwa habaye igikomere kiva amaraso, kandi ijisho ry'ibumoso rishushanya igikomere cyijimye. Uruhu rwo hasi rwumupfuni wumukara rwari rwigamijwe, mugihe mugihe cyo gusohoza Yeshua, izuba rirashe.
Byongeye kandi, voland yasenyutse biteye ubwoba, kandi ntabwo ari umunwa ugoretse gusa, ahubwo ni n'amenyo ye: ku ruhande rumwe, ku yimbaro ya Platine, ku yindi - zahabu. Satani yagaragaye mbere yo muri Ivan abatagira aho aba na Mikhail berlioz mu kirego gihenze, inkweto zishaje hamwe n'inkoni zifite isuku mu buryo bw'isonga.
By the way, hano bulgakov yongeye guha icyubahiro "gusahura", kuko Mephistofel yagaragaye imbere ya Porofeseri mu ishusho yiyi matungo. Bover yahoraga akurikirana ukwezi, nikimenyetso cyimbaraga zanduye, kuko amayobera yose agenda munsi yijoro. Birashimishije cyane kuba ijambo "umuvumo": abatuye Moscou bahora bumva mu Roma: Abatuye i Moscou "bashushanyije" badafite ishami ry'umutimanama, nkaho bahamagaye Satani.
"Ni iki? Ibyo ntibyari bigeze ... Umutima ugabanuka ... Nari nararengewe. Ahari igihe kirageze cyo kureka byose ikuzimu no muri Kislovodsk ... "- Mikhail Berlioz yatekereje, abona kurera ya korovyev mu kirere.Mbere yabashyitsi, Liveland igaragara muburyo butagaragara: mumashati yanduye kandi yijoro. Birakwiye ko tumenya ko imyenda ya Yeshua, ari we Hitton yubururu, yahindutse imva ya lente, ni bo banga. Ku mupira, hypnotiste igaragara mu mwenda wirabura, uturindantoki twirabura kandi ufite inkota.
Abashakashatsi bemeza ko imyitwarire y'imyitwarire idasanzwe, kandi isa n'impamvu yo gutiza: Birasa n'intego z'igitangaza: Birasa n'intego zidasanzwe kandi zitunguranye, nkaho umukinnyi kuri stage stage.
Umwami wumwijima ni ikinyabupfura cyane, akabasinga, akunze kumwenyura mubiganiro, afite ibitekerezo bityaye kandi azi byose. Ntiyashoboraga gutekereza gusa ko Annushka azaminjagira amavuta yizuba. Igitabo kivuga ko Sekibi adapfa, afite ubushobozi bwubumaji kandi bubaho mubihe.
Umuroma "Umwigisha na Margarita"
Mubikorwa bya Bulgakov, Ububiya ntabwo bwatsinze, ahubwo ni uruhare rwibanze. Umunyamahanga mu mwenda wirabura ugaragara mu ntangiriro yigitabo kandi agaragaza abasomyi badasanzwe. Hagati ya Ivan Umugongo utagira aho abamugaye kandi uvanga, Mikhail Berlioz yatangiye ikiganiro kivuga ku Mana, kandi wenda ko yari akwiye kuba ahari) Live yahisemo kugira uruhare mu kiganiro cy'abahakanamana babiri.Nibyo, iki kiganiro kuri Padiri yarangije ikibabaje: Mikhail Alexandrovich yabuze umutwe, maze abaramu be batakaje ubwenge. Ariko, nkuko byavuzwe haruguru, voland ntabwo yari afite intego yo gutera cyangwa guhashya ikibi, ntabwo yari Sekibi wahoragangora mu gutwi: gusa abanyabyaha bakiriye neza, kandi bonyine barebye gusa uyu mukino w'ubuzima. Muri igitabo, voland, imyitwarire y'ubusambanyi, umururumba, utari umwuga, guta agaciro, na Sekibi, na Sekibi, na Sekibi, na Sekibi, na Sekibi, barareba:
"Abantu basanzwe ... Muri rusange, bibukije kimwe ... Ikibazo cyo kwambukiranya gusa ..."Messir azi ibitekerezo byabantu mbere, nuko muri kadoshyali bakora umurimo wumucamanza. Ikintu cyiza kiranga volande nubutabera, nkuko buriwese akomeza kwizera kwayo. Igiveland ntabwo ikora gusa isomo rya "bitandukanye" kandi bitesha umutwe abaturanyi ba mirongo itanu munzira nyabagendwa 302-Bis, ariko nanone bikwiranye numupira wa Satani.
Ibirori bya Sekibi bikusanya abanyabyaha bagaragaje cyane: abigana, abicanyi, abahemu ba leta, ibimenyetso, nibindi byanga bifatika. Mu ndunduro y'igitabo, imiterere y'ijwi na Margarita yaragaragaye, ndetse n'abanditsi bamwe bashishikarijwe no ku mirimo irangira, nk'urugero, umwanditsi Paveev witwaga Subtitle y'igitabo cye. "
Film
Mikhail Bulgakov Roman yagerageje gukingira abayobozi bazwi inshuro nyinshi, ariko, nkaho mubuzima bwabo bwibihe, ntabwo buriwese yashoboye gukora ibi. Hariho n'imiziririzo Mkhail Afanasyevich yarwanyaga igitabo cya televiziyo kuri ecran ya televiziyo: Ingengo y'ishyaka yabuze ku mirimo idasanzwe n'inyuguti zaragaragaye n'Ijambo "Ntibishoboka", hatangira ibikorwa byemewe n'amategeko.
Ibihuha n'ibitekerezo bimaze kugenda inyuma ya Vladimir naumov, wakoraga cyane cyane inyandiko, arota kuri Elena Sergevna (umugore wa Elegakov), wasabye guhagarika akazi kuri film. Ariko, nyamara, abayobozi bashoboye kurekura imirimo myinshi:
- 1972 - "Shebuja na Margarita" (Ubutaliyani, Yugosilaviya, Alexander Petrovich)
- 1988 - "Shebuja na Margarita" (Polonye, Matsu Volyshko)
- 1994 - "Mwigisha na Margarita" (Uburusiya, Yuri Kara)
- 2005 - "Shebuja na Margarita" (Uburusiya, Vladimir Bortko)
Abakinnyi
Urutonde rwabakinnyi bashoboye kugerageza uruhare rwa jambo rya Ishoborabyose, ni nto. Uwa mbere wavukiye muri Sekibi yari Umukinnyi w'igifaransa n'Ubutaliyani, wakinnye mu ishusho ya 1972. Filime iratandukanye cyane numwanditsi wambere, nubwo yahawe igihembo cyigihugu hamwe nigihembo cya ICF muri Venise. Kyuni yashoboye kwinjira mu nshingano, ariko ntarondo ntiyigeze asa n'ijwi: aho kuba Trenet, abumva babona imvi mu ikoti ry'imvi.
Mu 1988, umuyobozi wa Polonye Matsu Elolyshko yafashe Lilegakov, yashoboye gutsinda isubiramo ryiza ry'abari bateraniye aho ndetse n'abafana ba Mikhail Afanasyevich, kubera ko kugenzura mini-serile ntaho bitandukaniye nigitabo. Iki gihe, Gustav Mutubeki, rumenyereye kuri Filime, zavuzwe mu gusetsa Umwami w'ikuzimu: "Umusaraba w'ubururu" (1955), "Umusaraba" (1966), "Umuriro" (1999).
Byongeye kandi, ishusho ya Satani yagerageje kuba umukinnyi wikirusiya valentin gaft, wabonye ikiganiro:
"Umuhengeri wanjye ntabwo ari shitani, ahubwo ni intumwa y'imbaraga zoroheje!"Valentin Josephovvych yavuze ko Sekibi ari imico myiza cyane yigitabo cya Buligakovsky. Mu film "Mwigisha na Margarita", bikaba yarashwe mu 1994, yagize Victor Rakov, Nikolay Burlyaev, Alexander Filippenko, Sergey Garmash, Leonid Kuravlev n'abahagarariye abandi ubumenyi cinematic.
Mu 2005, Vladimir Bortko yategetse iryo tegeko, kandi tugomba kuvugwa ko umuyobozi yagerageje cyane Mankipo yandikishijwe intoki kuri film. Ibice bya muzika ntibyari byananiranye, insanganyamatsiko nyamukuru yuruhererekane ni "Indirimbo ya voland" Igor Kornelyuk.
Kuva igihe cyagenwe na firime yuzuye, Vladimir Vladimirovich yakoze mini-seri. Uruhare rw'ijwi rwabonye Oleg Basilashvili. Kugaragara k'umukinnyi ntabwo bihuye nibisobanuro, ariko Oleg Vlerianovich neza yakoze umutsinzi wimbaraga zumwijima.
Birashimishije kubona uruhare rwa mbere ya Mesura rwagombaga kubona Oleg Yankovsky, ariko umuhanzi ntabwo yagize ibyago kandi yanga iyi shusho. Kandi Borth yabonaga kandi Gary Reno na Claus Maria Brandrauer. Usibye Basilashvili, yakinnye na Alexandere Galibin, Vladislav Gallekin, Kirill Lavrov, Alexandey Lavrov, Alexandey Bezrukov, Sergey Bezrukov na Alexander Bashirov.
Amagambo
"Ntuzigere ubaza ubusa! Ntakintu na kimwe, cyane cyane abakomeye kukurusha. Bizatanga kandi abantu bose bazatanga byose! "" Nibyo, umuntu apfa, ariko byaba ari porebie. Ikibi nuko rimwe na rimwe apfa gipfa, nibyo byibandaho! Kandi na gato, ntibishobora kuvuga icyo izakora nimugoroba w'uyu munsi. "" Ikintu, ubushake bw'uwanyu, ubura umurego mu bantu, wirinde vino, imikino, ibiganiro byinshi by'abagore. Abantu nkabo cyangwa barwaye cyane, cyangwa bangahinga abandi. Nibyo, ibidasanzwe birashoboka. Mu bafashwe ku meza bagenzi be, rimwe na rimwe abatutsi batangaje bahuje! "" Turimo tuvugana nawe mu ndimi zitandukanye, nk'uko bisanzwe, - ariko ibintu tuvuga, ntiduhinduka Ibi. "" Igishya cya kabiri - Nibyo ubusa! Gushya nimwe gusa - iyambere, niyo yanyuma. Niba kandi sturgeon ari igishya cya kabiri, ubwo bivuze ko guswera! "Ibintu bishimishije
- Isasu ryo mu gitabo cy'Abanyamerika "Umwigisha na Margarita" itandukanye n'umugambi wa Bibiliya wa Bibiliya, nubwo hariho impande ebyiri zinyuranye z'icyiza n'ikibi muri iki gitabo. I Bulgakov, bangana, kandi "buri shami rikora ibibazo byaryo." Igitabo ntigishobora kubabarira Pilato na Frido, na Yeshua nta burenganzira bafite bwo gufata ba shebuja.
- Ukurikije ibihuha, igitabo gikingiwe muri Amerika. Ibibera kuri sinema y'Abanyamerika - biragoye guca imanza, ariko urukurikirane rwa TV "rubanda rw'umuganga ukiri muto" (2012-2013, Intwari ya Algakovsky yatwaye Daniel Rading.
- Mu gitabo cyambere cyijwi cyahamagaye astarotom, kandi igitabo cyambaraga amazina ya "injeniyeri yubushakashatsi" na "umukara".
- Bulgakov yasobanuye ikibaya nkumuntu ugeze mu za bukuru, mu gihe mu ruhererekane rwa tereviziyo "shobuja na Margarita" Oleg Basilashvili yujuje imyaka 71. Ponsiyo Pilato muri icyo gitabo na we aracyari muto, ariko umukinnyi (Cyril Lavrov), wakoze uruhare rw'umuganda, yari hafi 80.
- Mu mushinga wandikishijwe intoki z'igitabo, ibisobanuro byerekana ubwiza bw'ubikuyeho bigaruriye impapuro zose zose.