Ubuzima
Bamwe mu bahanga mu by'amateka n'abahanga mu by'ubukungu bavuga ko uyu muntu ari ku gahato k'ivugurura ifitwe na we yarenze umukozi wa cyami wa Peter Stolypin. Yiswe atyo akundwa na Joseph Stalin, Cardinal, ariko icyarimwe umuyobozi wa leta umwuga kandi mwiza wa Leta.
Benshi bemeza ko aramutse yumviye kandi yemererwe kuzageza ku mpera z'ivugurura maze atangira mu ivugurura rya 1960 mu nganda, Usssr yashoboraga kuba igihugu cyigenga cyakuyeho inganda z'ibicuruzwa.
Byongeye kandi, abantu bazi ko ishingiro ry'ubukungu, aho Uburusiya bufashe uyu munsi, yararemye. Afata umwanditsi mu burebure bwo kuguma ku mutwe wa guverinoma y'Abasoviyeti.
N'ubundi kandi, imyaka 16 ni inyandiko nta muntu wamurenze inyuma. Muri icyo gihe, hamwe n'abajenerali ba Nikita Khrushchev na Leonid Brezhnev, uyu mukozi wo hejuru ufite umubano mwiza. Ariko yihanganiye ubuhanga bwo hejuru, ntabona umusimbura ukwiye.
Mu bwana n'urubyiruko
Biogray ya politiki ya politiki ya Alexei Nikolaevich Koshigina wa politiki yagaragaye ko bishoboka muvirimesi yo mu Kwakira. Nyuma ya byose, ibindi bishoboka kugera kuri Olympus yaka kumusore wavukiye mumuryango wumukozi woroheje, hamwe nuburyo bwa cyami ntibyari gukomera.
Alexey Nikolaevich Kosygin yagaragaye ku mucyo wa 21, kandi akurikije uburyo bwa kera ku ya 8 Gashyantare 1904 i St. Petersburg. Kubyerekeye amakuru ye yo mu bwana ni nto. Gusa ni uzwi ko ababyeyi b'Umwana bavutse babatirijwe mu rugendo rwa orotodogisi muri Werurwe umwaka umwe mu rusengero rwo kwikunda.
Ku myaka 15, Alexey, muri kiriya gihe, umunyeshuri w'ishuri nyawe rya Petrovsky yoherejwe n'umukorerabushake mu ngabo zitukura. Umusore yubatse inzego. Nyuma yimyaka 3, asubira i Petrograp no kurangiza amahugurwa. Amaze kubona impamyabumenyi y'ishuri rya kopi ya koperative, inzobere mu rubyiruko yagiye muri Siberiya kugira ngo atezimbere kuzamurwa mu ntera.
Umwuga
Hamwe nubukungu bwamamaza bwabayeho muri kiriya gihe byari oasisi runaka, kumupaka watanze ibitekerezo byashishikarijwe. N'ibitekerezo byayo byambere nkumufatanyako wubukungu Alexei kosypin yakozwe muri iyi "oasis y'ubwisanzure bw'ubukungu." Yashoboye kwigaragaza neza kandi yerekana wungirije utanga ubuyobozi. Kubwibyo, yoherejwe andi mahugurwa. Umusore yagarutse i Leningrad, aho yakiriye amashuri makuru mu kigo cy'ibigo.
Mu 1935, umwuga w'umuhanga mukindi watangiye kugenda vuba. Mu myaka 2, Alexey yashoboye "gukura" avuye kuri Shebuja uruganda rwimyenda ya Okthabrskaya ku muyobozi wacyo. Ariko yayoboye isosiyete umwaka urenga gato: Intsinzi ya Kosygin muri uyu mwanya yagaragaye ko yateguwe cyane ku buryo mu 1938, yagizwe umuyobozi wa komite nyobozi y'inama y'abakozi.
Kwihuta uyu muntu yagendaga mu nzego y'umwuga ntabwo ari ibintu bitangaje: Nyuma y'umwaka, yashinzwe ku mwanya w'inganda z'ibihugu by'Abasoviyeti.
Bamwe mu bakekeza bavuga ko guteza imbere umwuga wihuse "igikoma" gikiri gito "cyasobanuwe n '" intebe irimo ubusa. " Bivugwa ko iterabwoba rya Lenin-Stalinsky "ryagoramye" inzobere yose irakomeye, ku buryo nagombaga kwimura abanyeshuri basore bashinzwe ubucuruzi bambuwe ibyifuzo bya politiki.
Ku rugero runaka, ibi nukuri: Ikintu cyihariye cyibikorwa byose bya Alexei Koshygin yanze kwitabira amatsiko yo kwitabira amatsiko no guharanira imbaraga. Ariko ukuri nuko yari umunyamwuga wicyiciro kinini.
Stalin, utizera abo dukorana kandi atinya kubahindukirira umugongo, yashimye amazina ya kosygin cyane. Uyu mukinnyi ufite umuhanga mukindi washubije byimazeyo ibipimo, nk'uko Joseph Vissarinonovich, agomba kugira umucuruzi mwiza w'Abasoviyeti.
Intambara ikomeye cyane cyane yo gukunda igihugu yari imaze imyaka 37 n'umuyobozi w'ikizamini ", aho yagize ubwoba bwo kurimbura amagana, niba atari ibihumbi, abaho. Alexey Kosygin muri Kamena 1941 yashyizweho n'umuyobozi wungirije wa Stalin w'Inama Njyanama kugira ngo yimure imishinga yinganda. Uyu muyobozi yayobowe n'itsinda ry'abagenzuzi, yashoboye kohereza kumwitera mu burasirazuba birenga 1.500 by'ibihingwa n'inganda zingenzi z'igihugu. Kandi ntiyareka.
Kubwibyo, birakwiye gutangazwa nuko mu gihe cy'itumba cyo mu 1942 byari ikibazo gikomeye ku bitugu: tanga ibiryo byagutse bikagira "inzira y'ubuzima" mu kiyaga cya Ladoga. Abahanga mu by'amateka, basesengura ibikorwa by'umusore kosygin, bahuje kubitekerezo byose abishoboye. Kandi mu 1943, Alexey Nikolayevich yari asanzwe ayobowe n'Inama y'Abakomando wabantu ba RSFR. Iyi gahunda yari gihamya yubuyobozi bwo hejuru bwo kuyobora.
Stalin, bashimwe bamwe bari bategereje ubusa, basetsa kumugaragaro kosygin. Birashoboka, icyizere kinini muri Jenerali Pissimusi cyaje kuba impamvu ituma igishoko cyo gukandamijwe cyatsindiye umutwe wa Alexei Nikolayevich hafi yumutwe hafi yumutwe.
Iyo "ubucuruzi bwa lemingrad" bwishwe, biturutse ku iperereza "Umutwe w'umutwe" w'itsinda ryose ukekwaho kuba mu mahanga n'izindi mbaraga z'abayobozi b'ishyaka, kosygin irashobora kwinjira mu mubare wo gukandamizwa. N'ubundi kandi, umukozi mukuru "ushinzwe abakozi" wa WCP (B) n'Umunyamabanga wa Komite Nkuru, Alexey Kuznetsov, yari afitanye isano na Alexey Kosy. Yashakanye na mubyara we.
Mu mpeshyi yo mu 1946, abaturage ba Alexei Koshygin's politiki bakomeje guhinduka. Ubu ni Umuyobozi wungirije w'Inama y'Abaminisitiri wa Ussr. Bidatinze, yakubiswe n'umukandida ku bagize Politikiburo ya Komite Nkuru ya CPSU (b).
Kubijyanye no kwibuka ibintu bidasanzwe hamwe nubushobozi budasanzwe bwa Alexey Koshygin yihutiye kugwira mubitekerezo byimibare kuva kera yagiye imigani. Stalin yahamagaye ko ari "AnithMometero". Yari umuyobozi wa Atypical. Ntabwo yashakaga gushimisha no kwirinda iminsi mikuru. Amateraniro ye yahoraga ari ngufi kandi "yumye": Yahise agaragaza ibimenyetso kandi "ntiyabonye ibitekerezo ku giti," atabiretse kuba abo bayobowe.
Igihe Yosefu Vissariovich yapfaga, kandi nta mwanya wabonye kugira ngo asohoze Elite yatekerejweho, Kosygin yashoboye kunanira imbaraga. "Umurinzi w'ishaje" nyuma y'urupfu rwa Jenerali amaze gupfa atangira kwihutira "kwica urubozo" abakiri bato bashyizwe na Stalin.
Alexei NikoYevich nawe "yakozwe": Nubwo bimukiye ku mwanya wa Perezida w'Inama Njyanama kandi bagahitamo umurimo w'inganda z'ubusa, ariko ntibamubabaye rwose n'imbaraga - bahaye intebe ya minisitiri babangamiye. Noneho kosygin yari ashinzwe gukora ibicuruzwa byabaguzi.
Yitandukanije hano, yerekana uburyo butekereje kubucuruzi bwashinzwe. Kubwibyo, mu mpeshyi yo mu 1953, Alexey Nikolaevich yayobowe na minisiteri y'ibicuruzwa bivuguruye, yakozwe n'amakinamico y'abantu benshi bashize. Ukwezi kwa muri uwo mwaka, asubira ku mwanya w'umuyobozi wungirije w'Inama y'Abaminisitiri.
Minisitiri yagiye mu mirimo ye, yagiye imigani. Kurugero, nyuma yintambara irangiye, Alexey Kosygin yateye itabi. Ariko umunsi umwe yagiye gufata uruganda rushya rw'itabi muri Jeworujiya. Mu kiganiro n'umuyobozi wacyo, yamusabye kunywa itabi. Yamuhaye itabi ryavunitse - arambura ipaki yumusaruro wabanyamerika. Minisitiri aragenda aragenda. Umuyobozi w'uruganda yarahindutse.
Ku ngoma ya Khrushchev KosyGun ongera uzamure. Mu myaka ya za 1960, aba umuyobozi wungirije wa Sovmina ya Ussr. Kandi nyuma ya "Coupti" mu 1964, Leoonid Brezhnev yongera Kosygin ku mutwe wa guverinoma. Muri icyo gihe, Brezhnev yanga abayobozi b'inararibonye. Kandi gusa bidapfa no kubura icyifuzo cyo kwicara no ku mayeri bihinduka icyateye kurushaho gukura.
Birashimishije kubona ko Alexey Kosygin, Overburo yonyine yatoye kuba intangiriro y'ingabo z'Abasoviyeti muri Afuganisitani, aho abaherekeje kuri Feonisitani, na we ubwe aramureba.
Yari umudipolomate mwiza washoboye gukemura vuba ibibazo mpuzamahanga. Hamwe n'inama ye itaziguye, amakimbirane ya Ararabu - Amakimbirane yo mu 1967 na 1973 yarakemutse. Yafashaga guhagarika ibisasu by'Abanyamerika Indochina mu ntangiriro ya za 70. Ariko intsinzi ye nyamukuru ku murima wa diplomasi ifatwa nk'uruhushya rw'amakimbirane yo mu Bushinwa. Bati: Nishimiye, ni ugushimira imishyikirano y'amasaha 4, Alexei NikoLavich mu kibuga cy'indege cya Beijing cyabujijwe n'intambara y'Ubushinwa.
Kurenza gutsinda guhamagara ivugurura ry'ubukungu mu nganda. Barimo kandi "kosyginsky". Umutwe wa Sovimina wabwiye kwagura ubwigenge bw'inganda z'inganda no kwegereza ubuyobozi abaturage ubukungu bw'igihugu. Murakoze, ikintu nk'iki nko mu gisaruro rusange cyagiye mu bihe byashize, cyasimbujwe n'ikimenyetso cyo kumenyekana.
Alexey Koshyna yaba yarabaze bigoye. N'ubundi kandi, icyerekezo cye cyo guteza imbere ubukungu cyazanye hamwe n "" amahame ya Lenin "ndetse amenagura" Bourgeois Traleis ". Birashoboka rero ko ivugurura ryigice cyizuba ryujuje ibibazo byinshi abayobozi ba kera bamara umusazi kandi ntibazanwa ku bwuzuzanya bumvikana. Ariko icy'ingenzi ni uko, kubera kwangirika ubuzima, Alexey NikoLeyevich ntiyashoboye kugerwaho, bikora kugira umurongo w'ingenzi w'ingengo y'imari no mu mahanga, ariko ibicuruzwa byabo bitunganywa.
Ntabwo ari kera cyane, verisiyo itangaje yatangiye kunyura kuri interineti, alexey kosygin umuhungu Nicholas wa II. Ni ukuvuga, arokoka Ishatani Alexei Nikolayevich, umuragwa w'inzu ya Romanov. Bivugwa ko ari yo mpamvu umwana mukuru Alexei Koshigina ari igisubizo gikomeye. Abizera iyi verisiyo yimpeshyi yerekana ubwoko runaka bwo guhuza kumafoto yabana ya Alexey Kosygin na Alexey Romanova. Nibyo ntamuntu numwe wigeze yumva umukozi w'Abasoviyeti ababaye muri hemophilia.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Uyu mugabo yari atangaje rwose kandi yiyoroshya. Na kandi - byimazeyo. Yarekuwe n'uwahoze ari umuyobozi wa VIP nyuma yavuye muri Leta Dacha ajya mu nzu ye yoroheje, afata ibintu byoroheje n'ibitabo gusa. Akazu ke k'ukuri ntirwigeze rugaragara.
Ntiyatanze ubutunzi budasanzwe, nubwo yashoboraga. Kurugero, mugihe cyo gusura ibihugu bitandukanye, impano zakunze kumuzana. Aramutse yemeye kubajyana, yahise anyura muri leta cyangwa ishuri ryikirenga. Kurugero, mu bihugu byabarabu umuyobozi wubusomeri yasubiyemo inkota n'imyanda, bishushanyijeho diyama nandi mabuye y'agaciro. Ariko ntuzigere komeygin yasize impano kuri we.
Ubuzima bwa Alexey Koshigina numugore we wenyine wa Claudia Andreyevna Krivatorhein. Bavuga ko uyu mugore yubashywe na Stalin wenyine. Muri kumwe, ntabwo yigeze yumva ubugwari.
Mu 1968, Alexey Nikolaevich yabaye umupfakazi: uwo mwashakanye ukundwa yapfiriye ku ya 1 Gicurasi, igihe yari ahagaze kuri podiyumu ya Mausoleum. Claudia Andreevna ubwayo yohereje umugabo we, yaraye mu cyumba cye, ku kibanza cya rutukura, amenya akamaro ko kuboneka kwe muri ibyo birori.
Ntiyigeze arongora. Kandi abatitaye kuri lydmila zykina bari batakaje amazimwe. Nyuma muri kimwe mu biganiro, umushoferi wa kosygin yavuze ko umukambwe we washyikirije umugore we wapfuye mu ngendo zose z'ubucuruzi nka Talisman.
Mu ishyingiranwa ryiza rya Koshigin na Kritheine, Lyodmila umukobwa yaravutse, nyuma aba umuyobozi w'isomero ry'ibitabo by'amahanga kandi ashyikiriza ababyeyi babiri ba abuzukuru - Tatiana na Alexey Gwishiani. Uyu munsi, Alexey Jermenich Gwishiani ni umuhanga uzwi cyane muri geoinformatike, Abashakashatsi b'amashuri n'umuyobozi w'ikigo cya geophysical of Sciestay ya siyansi y'Uburusiya.
Urupfu
Alexey Kosygin yakundaga ubuzima bwe ubuzima bwe bwose kandi agerageza kubikora niba bishoboka. Yasezeranye ski mu gihe cy'itumba kandi umurongo kuri kayak mu cyi. Ariko nyuma y'impanuka imwe, ubwo ubwato bwahindukiraga na Alexei Nikolaevich bashoboye gukiza, yahagaritse ibyago.
Mu 1974 yari afite microinsulti. Nibwo bwa mbere "inzogera." Umutima watangiye kuvuga muri make nyuma yumubiri umenyereye imitwaro "Yarekuwe" muri bo. Nyuma yimyaka 5, Kosykin yasuzumye igitero kinini.
Mu Kwakira, yarabohowe ku nshingano z'umunyamuryango wa Politiki n'Umuyobozi w'Inama y'Abaminisitiri. Yatanze ibisobanuro ubwe, ibyo bagenzi be benshi batabie, bitwaje intebe kugeza ibya nyuma.
Nyuma yumutima wa kabiri wabaye mu buryo bwagaragaye ko iminsi y'uyu muntu yafatwaga. Yapfuye mu gitondo cyo ku ya 18 Ukuboza 1980, ku munsi w'amavuko y'amavuko ya Brezhnev. Kugira ngo ntagoreka ibanga ryinshi, gushyingura byateguwe nyuma y'iminsi 6 gusa, 24 Ukuboza 1980. Umurambo wa Alexei Nikolayevich watwitse kandi utwikwa mu rukuta rwa Kremlin.