Ubuzima
Umwami w'abami Petero waii Fegorovich yitwaga Karl Na Peter Ulrich, kubera ko ejo hazaza umutegetsi w'Uburusiya yavukiye mu mujyi wa Kiyeli, aho giherereye mu majyaruguru ya Leta ya none y'Ubudage. Ku ntebe y'u Burusiya, Peter III yamaze igice cy'umwaka (imyaka mike ya guverinoma ifatwa nk'imyaka 1761-1762), nyuma yo kuba igitambo cy'ingoro, cyateguwe n'umugore we Catherine II, yasimbuje nyakwigendera uwo mwashakanye.
Birashimishije cyane ko mu kinyejana cyakurikiyeho, ubuzima bwa Petero wa III bwatanzwe gusa uko tubikuye ku gitsina, bityo ishusho ye mu bantu yateje imbere ibibi bidashidikanywaho. Ariko vuba aha, abahanga mu by'amateka basanga ibimenyetso byerekana ko uyu mwami w'abami yari afite burundu igihugu, kandi igihe kirekire cy'ubutegetsi bwe kizazana inyungu kiboneye kubaturage bo mu Bwami bw'Uburusiya.
Mu bwana n'urubyiruko
Kubera ko umuhungu yavukiye muri Duke ya Karl Friedrich Holilytein-Gottorpsky, mwishywa wa King Charles XII Petrovna, umukobwa w'umwami wa mbere (ni ukuvuga umwuzure wa Petero I), hanyuma Iherezo rye ryateganijwe kuva akiri uruhinja. Nagaragaye ku mucyo, umwana aba umuragwa ku ntebe ya Suwede, kandi mubyongeyeho, mu nyigisho zishobora gusaba intebe y'u Burusiya, nubwo ku gitekerezo cya sekuru nakagombye kubaho.
Ubwana bwa Petero wa gatatu ntabwo bwari muri rusange. Umuhungu yabuze nyina hakiri kare, na Data, yitegereza abandi bose batakaje Prussian, azamure umuhungu we nk'umusirikare. Kumyaka 10, Karl Petero yahawe izina rya Liyetona wa kabiri, n'umuhungu w'imfubyi wa nyuma.
Nyuma y'urupfu rwa Karl Friedrich, umuhungu we yinjiye munzu muri Musenyeri Adolf Eitinsky, nyirarume wa mubyara we, aho umuhungu yahindutse ikintu cyo gusuzugura, gusetsa k'ubugome n'aho banyuzwe buri gihe. Nta muntu n'umwe witaye ku gushinga igikomangoma, kandi imyaka 13 ntiyabisoma. Karl Petero yari afite ubuzima bufite intege nke, yari umurwayi kandi b'ingimbi yuzuye ingimbi, ariko icyarimwe kandi ari umwere kandi ari umwere. Yakundaga umuziki no gushushanya, nubwo kubera kwibuka kwa Data icyarimwe asezeranya "akarere ka Gisirikare".
Ariko, birazwi ko kugeza igihe Umwami w'abamiperi Peter waii, natinyaga ijwi ry'isasu rya Cannon na Mwisa. Amateka kandi yizihije kwizihiza abasore badasanzwe ibitekerezo n'ibintu byavumbuwe, akenshi bimurwa kubeshya. Hariho na verisiyo, mubyangavu, Karl Petero yabonye inzinywa ninzoga.
Ubuzima bw'ejo hazaza bw'umwami w'abami bwa bose-Ikirusiya bwahindutse afite imyaka 14. Ku ntebe y'u Burusiya, nyirasenge Elizabeti na Perrovna, wahisemo gushimangira ubwami abakomoka kuri se. Kubera ko Karl ari we Murage wenyine wa Peter uwambere, yahamagariwe kuba uwambere, yahamagariwe kujya muri St. Petersburg, wari ukiri muto wa Duke ya Hollyteine, yakiriye idini rya orotodogisi, yakiriye izina rya Graveri, maze asaba izina rya Graveli. Peavic Fedorovich.
Mu nama ya mbere hamwe na mwishywa wa Elizabeti, ubujiji bwe bwaratangaye maze ashyirwa mumuragwa wa cyami. Umwarimu yerekanye ubushobozi buhebuje bwo mumutwe bwikirere, bubabaza kimwe mumigani yerekeye Peter III nk '"umusirikare ushobora" adafite ubwenge ".
Nubwo hari ibimenyetso byerekana ko umwami yitwaye mubantu atije. Cyane mu nsengero. Kurugero, mugihe cya Serdeled Deves Peter gisekeje no kuvuga cyane. Nibyo, kandi umenyereye abakozi b'abanyamahanga. Ahari imyitwarire nkiyi kandi yamennye ibihuha kubyerekeye "ubunini" bwe.
Kandi mu busore bwe, yari afite imiterere ikomeye y'ibito, bishobora gutera amatwi mu iterambere. Muri icyo gihe, Peter Swerurovich yatambwe mu bumenyi nyabwo, geografiya no guhimba, ifitiwe n'Ubudage, Igifaransa n'Ikilatini. Ariko ikirusiya mubyukuri ntabwo yari azi. Ariko ntiyashakaga kubimenya.
Mu nzira, Oypa y'umukara yazimiye cyane isura ya Petero ya gatatu. Ariko mubishusho byose kugirango hagaragare neza. Kandi kubyerekeye ubuhanga bwo gufotora noneho ntamuntu numwe watekereje - ifoto yambere kwisi yagaragaye nyuma yimyaka 60. Gusa ibishushanyo bye byanditswe muri kamere byagezweho mugihe gito, ariko "buringaniye".
Inteko Nyobozi
Nyuma y'urupfu rwa Elizabeti Petrovna ku ya 25 Ukuboza 1761, Peter Swerurovich yinjiye ku ntebe y'ubwami. Ariko ntabwo byari byuzuye, byateganijwe nyuma yubukangurambaga bwa gisirikare bwo kwambara. Kubera iyo mpamvu, Petero wa III yambitswe ikamba icyo gihe cya 1796 na Pawulo I.
Yamaze iminsi 186 ku ntebe y'ubwami. Muri icyo gihe, Peter yatsinze yasinywe 192 y'amategeko n'itegeko. Ndetse no kubabarwa ibitekerezo kuri ibihembo. Nubwo rero, ibihuha n'ibihuha bikikije imico ye no mu bikorwa, ndetse no muri iki gihe gito, yashoboye kwigaragaza no muri politiki yo hanze kandi y'imbere mu gihugu.
Inyandiko y'ingenzi y'ingoma ya Petero Fedorovich - "Manifeto ku bwisanzure bw'agashinyagurika." Iki gikorwa cy'amategeko cyibasiye abanyacyubahiro mu mirimo y'imyaka 25 y'amavuko ndetse no kubemerera kuva mu mahanga.
Kuva mu zindi manza z'abami, birakwiye ko tumenya umubare munini w'ivugurura ryerekeye guhindura sisitemu ya Leta. Arimo kuba ku ntebe y'amezi atandatu gusa, yashoboye gukuraho ibiro by'ibanga, atangiza ubwisanzure bw'amadini, guhagarika kugenzura itorero, kubuza ibihugu bya Leta, bibuza ibihugu bya Leta kandi cyane cyane ku mutungo bwite - kugira ngo urukiko rwa Ingoma y'Uburusiya irakinguye. Yatangaje kandi ko ishyamba ubutunzi bw'igihugu, yashinze Banki ya Leta kandi ishyiraho gahunda za mbere mu kuzenguruka. Ariko nyuma ya Petero ya Scoroovich, udushya bose bararimbuwe.
Rero, umwami w'abami Petero waii yari afite umugambi wo gukora ingoma y'Uburusiya, umucukizi mukingise kandi ko umucyo umurikira.
Nubwo bimeze bityo, abahanga mu by'amateka basuzuma igihe gito n'ibisubizo by'ubutegetsi bwe bonyine ku burusiya bubi mu Burusiya. Impamvu nyamukuru ya none ni ugusebya nyabyo ibyavuye mu ntambara yimyaka irindwi. Petero yari afite umubano mubi n'abasirikare, ubwo yahagaritse intambara na Prussia kandi azana ingabo z'Abarusiya i Berlin. Bamwe babonaga ibyo bikorwa nk'ubuhemu, ariko mubyukuri intsinzi y abarinzi muri iyi ntambara yazamuye ibyamamare cyangwa ku giti cye cyangwa Otirishiya, uruhande rwe rwashyigikiye ingabo. Ariko ku bwami bw'Uburusiya, nta nyungu zabaye kuri iyi ntambara.
Yafashe icyemezo kandi kumenyekanisha amabwiriza ya Prussussian mu ngabo z'Uburusiya - abarinzi bagaragaye ko ari ifishi rishya, kandi igihano cyari na n'ubu no muburyo bwa Prussiya - ikinamico. Ihinduka nk'iryo ntiribongeyeho ubutware, ariko, mu buryo, babyaranye kutanyurwa no gushidikanya ejo, haba mu ngabo, haba mu ngabo, haba mu ngabo, haba mu ngabo ndetse no mu rukiko no mu rukiko ndetse no mu rukiko no mu ruziga ndetse no mu rukiko no mu rukiko no mu ruziga ndetse no mu gisirikare no mu rukiko no mu rukiko no mu rukiko ndetse no mu rukiko no mu rukiko no mu rukiko no mu rukiko no mu ruziga ndetse no mu gisirikare no mu rukiko no mu rukiko no mu rukiko no mu ruziga ndetse no mu gisirikare no mu rukiko no mu rukiko no mu rukiko no mu rukiko no mu ruziga ndetse no mu gisirikare no mu rukiko no mu rukiko no mu ruziga ndetse no mu gisirikare no mu rukiko no mu rukiko no mu rukiko no mu ruziga ndetse no mu gisirikare no mu rukiko no mu rukiko no mu rukiko no mu ruziga ndetse no mu gisirikare no mu ruziga.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Igihe umutegetsi w'ejo hazaza yari afite imyaka 17, EMPRES GLIZAVETTA Petrovna yihutiye kurongora. Umuganwakazi w'Ubudage Sofiya Frederick Augustus yahisemo umugore wa Sofiya Frederick Augustus, muri iki gihe iyi si yose izi munsi y'izina rya kabiri. Ubukwe bwumuzungu bwakinnye numubare utigeze ubaho. Nkimpano, Peter na Catherine batagaragaye bafite ingoro zabakiriya Alexandere Menshikov - Oranienbaum hafi ya St. Petersburg na lubeberty hafi ya Moscou.
Birakwiye ko tumenya ko Petero wa III na Ekaterine wa II batigeze bihanganira kandi bafatwa nk'umuryango bombi gusa. Ndetse n'igihe umugore yahaye Petero umuragwa wa Pawulo, hanyuma umukobwa wa Anna, asetsa ko atumva, "aho ajyana abo bana."
Umuragwa ku mwana, ejo hazaza Umwami w'Uburusiya Paul Ngiye kuvuka, yakuwe mu babyeyi, umwami Elsess Elizaveta Petrovna ubwayo yahise akora uburere bwe. Ariko, Peter Swerurovich ntabwo ari impungenge zose. Ntiyigeze ashishikazwa cyane n'Umwana we. Yabonye umuhungu rimwe mu cyumweru, ni yo habaye icyemezo cy'Umwamikazi. Mukobwa Anna Petrovna yapfuye akiri muto.
Ahagana ku mibanire ya Petero ya gatatu na Catherine wa kabiri ivuga ko umutegetsi yatonganye mu ruhame n'umugore we ndetse akanamutera ubwoba bwo kumutana. Igihe kimwe, uwo bashakanye amaze gushyigikira amajwi avugwa mu birori, Peter III yategetse gufata umugore. Muri gereza, Catherine yakijijwe gusa na nyirarume Petero yagize, George Golstein-Gottorpsky. Ariko hamwe n'ibitero byose, umujinya, birashoboka cyane, Zhunene ishyari umugore we Pyotr Fedorovich yakubahiriza ubwenge bwe. Mu bihe bigoye, kenshi kandi amafaranga, umugabo wa Ekaterina yakundaga kugufasha. Amakuru yarinzwe ko Petero wa III Catherine II yitwa "Madamu GITAT".
Birashimishije, ku buzima bwihariye bwa Peter III, kubura umubano wa hafi na Catherine ntabwo byagize ingaruka. Peter Swerurovitich yari afite abunzi, nyamukuru muri bo yari umukobwa wa Jenerali Rusange y'Abaroma Vorontssov. Abakobwa be babiri bashyikirijwe mu gikari: Catherine, uzahinduka inshuti y'uwo mwashakanye, hanyuma nyuma ibikomangoma Dashkova, na Elizabeti. Hano yaguye kuba umugore ukundwa kandi akunda Petero wa III. Kuri we, yari yiteguye gusesa ubukwe bwumutwe, ariko ibi byabaye kuriyi.
Urupfu
Ku ntebe y'ubwami, Peter Swerovich yagumye igihe kirenze amezi atandatu. Mu mpeshyi ya 1762, umugore we Ekaterina wa kabiri yahumekeye Miniyoni yo gutegura uburere bw'ingoro, bwabaye mu mpera za Kamena. Petero, yatangajwe no kurohama ibidukikije, yanze intebe y'u Burusiya, itabanje ko atigeze ashima kandi ntiyashakaga, kandi agabanye gusubira mu gihugu cye kavukire. Icyakora, ku byemezo bya Catherine, umwami w'abami ahebye yarafashwe agashyirwa mu ngoro muri Ropsche hafi ya St. Petersburg.
Ku ya 17 Nyakanga 1762, nyuma yaho, Petero wa III yapfuye. Impamvu yemewe y'urupfu ni "igitero cya coolrrhoid", cyazamutse kubera kunywa ibinyobwa bisindisha. Ariko, verisiyo nyamukuru y'urupfu rw'umwami ni urupfu rw'urugomo kuva Oxei Orlova, umuvandimwe mukuru wa Grigory Orlova - ikintu cy'ingenzi muri kiriya gihe cya Catherine ukunda. Byemezwa ko Inzoga yancitse imfungwa, nubwo atari nyuma yo kwisuzumisha kwa murambo cyangwa amateka yemeza ibi. Iyi verisiyo yishingikiriza ku "baruwa yihannye" na Alexey, muri iki gihe cyacu cyabitswe muri kopi, kandi abahanga ba none bizeye ko iyi mpapuro ari impimbano yakozwe na Fromar, ukuboko kw'iburyo kwa Pawulo.
Nyuma y'urupfu rw'umwami w'abami, habaye igitekerezo kitari cyo cyimiterere na mico ya Petero wa III, kubera ko imyanzuro yose yakozwe hashingiwe ku bisobanuro byumugore we Catherine II, abitabiriye umwamikazi wa Dashkinami , kimwe mu bitekerezo nyamukuru by'ubugambanyi, kubara Nikita Panin, na murumuna we - kubara Peter Pan. Ni ukuvuga, gushingiye ku bitekerezo by'abo bantu bahemukiye Petero Fedorovich.
Gusa "murakoze" kwibuka kuri Catherine II, ishusho ya Petero waii nk'umusinzi - umugabo, amanika imbeba. Bivugwa ko umugore yinjiye mu biro by'umwami kandi aratangara. Hejuru kumeza ye yari imbeba. Uwo mwashakanye aramusubiza ko yakoze icyaha cybyaha ndetse no mu mategeko ya gisirikare asizwe. Ku bwe, yaraciwe kandi iminsi 3 izamanika imbere ya rubanda. Sergey Solovyev, na Vlyuchevsky, asobanura Petero wa gatatu, yasubiyemo iyi "nkuru".
Byari mubyukuri, cyangwa rero Catherine II kuri "amateka ye" adahari "yashizeho ishusho ye myiza, ubu ntabwo bishoboka kubimenya.
Ibihuha by'urupfu byatejije umubare munini w'abashuka, wiyise "umwami warokotse." Ibintu nkibi byabaye mbere, birakwiye kwibuka byibuze Lhadmithiev. Ariko ku mubare w'abantu bitanze ku Mwami, Peter Swerurovich nta banywanyi bafite. Nibura abantu 40 bahindutse "Lzhetter III", muri bo Emelyan pugachev na Stepwan bato.
Kwibuka
- 1934 - Irangare yerekana firime "Umusomyi wa Deutty" (mu ruhare rwa Peter III - Sam Jaffe)
- 1963 - Filime yubuhanzi "Katerina kuva mu Burusiya" (nka Peter III - Raul Gracili)
- 1987 - Igitabo "Umugani w'Uburusiya" - Sochnikov A. S.
- 1991 - Igishusho Cyishusho "Vivat, Marhesherna!" (Mu ruhare rwa Peter III - Mikhail Efremov)
- 1991 - Igitabo "Ibishuko by Igitangaza. "Igikomangoma cy'Uburusiya" n'abasashuke "- Sochnikov A. S.
- 2007 - Igitabo "Ekaterine II na Peter III: Amateka y'Intambara Zibabaje" - Ivanov O. A.
- 2012 - Igitabo "Abaragwa b'igihangange" - Eliseeva O.N
- 2014 - Urukurikirane "Catherine" (nka Peter III - Alexander Yatyko)
- 2014 - Urwibutso kuri Peter III mu mujyi wa Kiel y'Ubudage (Umunyabujura Alexandr Taraynov)
- 2015- urukurikirane "rukomeye" (mu ruhare rwa Petero wa III - Pavel Derevyyanko)
- 2018 - Urukurikirane rwa TV "Amaraso Baryn" (Mu ruhare rwa Peter III - Evgeny Kulakov)